Effect of Hydride Reorientation on Delayed Hydride Cracking In Zr-2.5Nb Tubes

Yun Yeo Bum,Kim Young Suk,Im Kyung Soo,Cheong Yong Moo,Kim Sung Soo Korean Nuclear Society 2003 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.35 No.6

The objective of this study is to investigate the reorientation of hydrides with applied stress intensity factor, the peak temperature and the time when to apply the stress intensity factor in a Zr-2.5Nb pressure tube during its thermal cycle treatment. Cantilever beam (CB) specimens with a notch of 0.5 mm in depth made from the Zr-2.5Nb tube were subjected to electrolytic hydrogen charging to contain 60 ppm H and then to a thermal cycle involving heating to the peak temperature of either 310 or $380^{\circ}C$, holding there for 50 h and then cooling to the test temperature of $250^{\circ}C$. The stress intensity factor of either 6.13 or $18.4\;MPa\sqrt{m}$ was applied at the beginning of the thermal cycle, at the end of the hold at the peak temperatures and after cooling to the test temperature, respectively. The reorientation of hydrides in the Zr-2.5Nb tube was enhanced with the increased peak temperature and applied stress intensity factor. Furthermore, when the CB specimens were subjected to $18.4\;MPa\sqrt{m}$ from the beginning of the thermal cycle, the reoriented hydrides occurred almost all over the Zr-2.5Nb tube, surprisingly suppressing the growth of a DHC crack. In contrast, when the CB specimens were subjected to the stress intensity factor at the test temperature, little reorientation of hydrides was observed except the notch region, leading the Zr-2.5Nb to grow a large DHC crack. Based on the correlation between the reorientation of hydrides and the DHC crack growth, a governing factor for DHC is discussed along with the feasibility of the Kim's DHC model.

Original Article : Geographic difference of epidemiological features of HCV infection in Korea

( Kyung Ah Kim ),( Sook Hyang Jeong ),( Eun Sun Jang ),( Young Seok Kim3 ),( Youn Jae Lee ),( Eun Uk Jung ),( In Hee Kim ),( Sung Bum Cho ),( Mee Kyung Kee ),( Chun Kang ) 대한간학회 2014 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.20 No.4

Background/Aims: The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Korea exhibits significant geographic variation, with it being higher in Busan and Jeonam than in other areas. The reason for this intranational geographic difference was investigated in this study by conducting a comparative analysis of the risk factors related to HCV infection among three geographic areas: the capital (Seoul), Busan, and the province of Jeolla. Methods: In total, 990 patients with chronic HCV infection were prospectively enrolled at 5 university hospitals located in Seoul (n=374), Busan (n=264), and Jeolla (n=352). A standardized questionnaire survey on the risk factors for HCV infection was administered to these three groups of patients, and a comparative analysis of the findings was performed. Results: The analysis revealed significant regional differences in exposure to the risk factors of HCV infection. By comparison with patients in Seoul as a control group in the multivariate analysis, patients in Busan had significantly more experience of invasive medical procedures, acupuncture, cosmetic procedures, and multiple sex partners. In contrast, patients in Jeolla were significantly older, and they had a higher prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma, a lower prevalence of multiple sex partners, and had experienced fewer invasive procedures. Conclusions: There was a significant geographic difference in the exposure to potential risk factors of HCV infection between patients from the three studied regions. This may explain the regional variation of the prevalence of HCV infection in Korea, and should be taken into account when planning strategies for the prevention and management of HCV infection. (Clin Mol Hepatol 2014;20:361-367)

해외사례 벤치마킹에 기반한 국내 CM 대가체계 개선 시사점 도출

김상범,이정대,김재욱,Kim, Sang-Bum,Lee, Jeong-Dae,Kim, Jae-Wook 한국건설관리학회 2008 건설관리 : 한국건설관리학회 학회지 Vol.9 No.1

국내 CM은 2001년 건설산업기본법에 의해 개념과 범위가 정의된 후 지속적인 성장을 계속해 오고 있다. 하지만, 이러한 CM 제도에 기반한 성장에도 불구하고 국내에서의 CM 적용성과는 기대치에 비해 상대적으로 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 그 주요원인의 하나로 국내 CM제도가 책임감리에 비하여 업무범위가 넓지만, 대가기준은 책임감리에 비해 낮기 때문인 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서, 국내 CM 대가체계의 합리적인 기준을 정립하는 것이 시급할 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서는 CM 대가체계의 합리적인 기준을 마련하기 위하여 CMAA, ASCE, DOE, DOL 등의 다양한 해외사례 벤치마킹 연구를 통하여 국내 CM 대가체계를 비교하여 대가 상승요인을 추정하고 대가산정 개선방향을 제시하였다. 분석결과 대가수준은 해외에 비하여 현저하게 낮은 수준인 것으로 판단되었으며, 업무범위는 해외와 비교하여 그 폭이 좁으며 획일적인 구조를 가진 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 글로벌스탠다드에 따르는 국내 CM 대가체계를 개선하기 위하여 실비정액보수가산(Cost Plus Fixed Fee) 방식을 제시하고, 입 낙찰 전반에 걸친 CM 대가체계에 대한 기준(Framework)을 제시하였다. The Korean Construction Industry significantly contributed to the Korean economic development not only by preparing the domestic infrastructure but also by successfully conducting various international projects. However, major incidents such as the collapse of Sung-Su Bridge and Sam-Pung Department Store along with stagnation of Korean Economy have raised questions about underlying systematic problems of the Korean Construction Industry. As a solution to resurrect the Korean Construction Industry, the Construction Management (CM) system introduced in late 1990's and increasingly utilized as an innovative delivery system. Despite of the fast growth of CM, the performance of CM has not been up to the hype and low CM fee has been identified as one of the main reasons of unsatisfactory CM performance. Therefore, this research attempted to propose ways of improving 'CM Fee Guidelines' published by Korean Ministry of Construction and Transportation by conducting a benchmarking study on Global Standards of estimating CM Fee. International organizations benchmarked in this research include CMAA, ASCE, DOL, DOE, etc. Various investigation and analysis revealed that Korean 'CM Fee Guidelines' need to significantly modified comparing to Global Standards. This research also tried to prepare recommendations to improve the CM deliver system focusing on the 'Method of CM Fee Estimation' and Selection of a CM firm as an owner's agent.

Outcome of Multipair Donor Kidney Exchange by a Web-Based Algorithm

Kim, Beom Seok,Kim, Yu Seun,Kim, Soon Il,Kim, Myoung Soo,Lee, Ho Yung,Kim, Yong-Lim,Kim, Chan Duck,Yang, Chul Woo,Choi, Bum Soon,Han, Duck Jong,Kim, Yon Su,Kim, Sung Joo,Oh, Ha-Young,Kim, Dae Joong American Society of Nephrology 2007 Journal of the American Society of Nephrology Vol.18 No.3

<P>Donor kidney exchange is an established method to overcome incompatibility of donor-recipient pairs (DRP). A computerized algorithm was devised to exchange donor kidney and was tested in a multicenter setting. The algorithm was made according to the consensus of participating centers. It makes all possible exchange combinations not only between two incompatible DRP but also circularly among three DRP and selects an optimum set of exchange combinations, considering several factors that can affect the outcome of the exchanged transplant. The algorithm was implemented as a web-based program, and matching was performed five times. Fifty-three DRP were enrolled from five transplant centers. The numbers of DRP that were enrolled in each matching were 38 (25:13), 39 (34:5), 33 (31:2), 32 (28:4), and 34 (30:4) (carryover:newcomer). The numbers of generated exchange combinations were 4:11, 3:17, 2:12, 2:3, and 2:3 (two-pair exchange:three-pair exchange), and the numbers of DRP in selected exchange combinations were six, 12, six, five, and four in each matching. The numbers of DRP with blood type O recipient or AB donor were five and one, respectively, in selected exchange combinations. Six DRP of two-pair exchange combinations and six DRP of three-pair exchange combinations underwent transplantation successfully. Computerized algorithm of donor kidney exchange was tried not only between two incompatible DRP but also circularly among three DRP. It showed that the algorithm has potential to improve the outcome of donor kidney exchange, especially for disadvantaged DRP with blood type O recipients or AB donors.</P>

Production of Iron-Binding Peptides from Colostral Whey by Enzymatic Hydrolysis

Kim, Sang-Bum,Ku, Min-Jung,Cho, Won-Mo,Ki, Kwang-Seok,Kim, Hyeon-Shup,Nam, Myoung-Soo Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2010 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.30 No.6

Colostral whey prepared from colostrum (pooled from first six post-partum milkings) was heated for 10 min at $100^{\circ}C$ Heated colostral whey was incubated with 1% enzymes (protein equivalent basis) for 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min at $50^{\circ}C$. Papain, pepsin, trypsin, and alcalase produced different degrees of hydrolysis (DH), 10.66%, 12.42%, 10.83%, and 25.31%, respectively, at an incubation time of 120 min. The SDS-PAGE reveals that significant amounts of bovine serum albumin (BSA), ${\beta}$-lactoglobulin (${\beta}$-LG), and ${\alpha}$-lactalbumin (${\alpha}$-LA) survived papain digestion. In contrast, pepsin completely removed BSA but not ${\beta}$-LG present in heated colostral whey. Alcalase completely eliminated BSA, ${\beta}$-LG, and ${\alpha}$-LA. This differential hydrolysis was confirmed by reversed-phase HPLC analysis. Using ion-exchange chromatography, fraction-1 (F-1) was obtained from alcalase hydrolysate at a NaCl gradient concentration of 0.25 M. Reversed-phase HPLC chromatograms of alcalase F-1 showed numerous small peaks, which probably indicate that a variety of new peptides were produced. Iron content of alcalase F-1 was 28.94 ppm, which was the highest among all enzyme fractions, whereas iron content of colostral whey was 36.56 ppm. Main amino acids contained in alcalase F-1 were Thr (15.45%), Glu (14.12%), and Ser (10.39%). Therefore, alcalase can be used to generate good iron-binding peptides in heated colostral whey, and the resulting iron-binding peptides could be suitable as a value-added food ingredient for food supplements.

Successful treatment in a patient with onychogryphosis associated with onychomycosis

( Sang Hyeon Won ),( Woo Il Kim ),( Min Young Yang ),( Won Ku Lee ),( Gun Wook Kim ),( Hoon Soo Kim ),( Hyun Chang Ko ),( Byung Soo Kim ),( Moon Bum Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2019 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.71 No.1

Onychogryphosis is a disorder of nail plate growth that is clinically characterized by an opaque, yellow-brown thickening of the nail plate associated with gross hyperkeratosis, elongation, and increased curvature. There can be various causes of acquired onychogryphosis, and onychomycosis may be the one of them. So it should be noted that onychogryphosis and onychomycosis can coexist. We present the case of a 55-year-old man with a 6-year history of severe thickening, abnormal growth, and yellow discoloration of both great toenails, clinically consistent with onychogryphosis. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) examination was positive. It was necessary to treat both onychogryphosis and onychomycosis respectively. There are a wide variety of therapies according to the cause and patient comorbidities. As for onychogryphosis, nail grinding was done as a palliative therapy. And for onychomycosis, efinaconazole 10% topical solution was administered. After 9 months of these combination therapy, significant cosmetic improvements were achieved. To our knowledge, successful treatment for onychogryphosis associated with onychomycosis has rarely been reported in Korean dermatologic literature. Therefore, we suggest that nail grinding and efinaconazole 10% topical medication should be regarded as one of good treatment modalities in a patient with onychogryphosis associated with onychomycosis.

#VALUE!

( Sang Hyeon Won ),( Woo Il Kim ),( Min Young Yang ),( Won Ku Lee ),( Gun Wook Kim ),( Hyun Chang Ko ),( Byung Soo Kim ),( Moon Bum Kim ),( Hoon Soo Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2019 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.71 No.1

Vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) is an uncommon skin disease that is complicated frequently by the loss of normal vulvar architecture and less commonly by vulvar squamous neoplasia including vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Incidence of vulvar SCC among patients with VLS were reported to be relatively high as about 5%. But, these patients may be unfamiliar to dermatologists because most of them visit gynecologic clinic. We present a case of 39-year-old woman with 30-year history of vulvar pruritus. Six years ago, she was diagnosed with VLS by biopsy from the ivory-white plaque with severe pruritus and pain in the vulvar region. She had been treated over the years with topical tacrolimus 0.1% ointment and oral antihistamines. One year ago, she revisited our clinic due to occurrence of new solitary erythematous nodule and ulcerative patch on the pre-existing lesion. Histopathologic findings for the nodular lesion showed atypical keratinocytes invading the dermis, multiple mitotic figures, keratin pearls. Finally, SCC arising from VLS was diagnosed based on clinicopathologic features. Although SCC arising in VLS has rarely been reported in Korean dermatologic literature, it’s incidence is relatively high and increases according to disease period. Therefore, we suggest that long-term follow-up of the patient with VLS should be essential due to the risk of developing SCC.

Two new cases of leprosy in PNUH

( Sang Hyeon Won ),( Woo Il Kim ),( Min Young Yang ),( Won Ku Lee ),( Gun Wook Kim ),( Hoon Soo Kim ),( Hyun Chang Ko ),( Byung Soo Kim ),( Moon Bum Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2019 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.71 No.1

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease with prominent involvement of the skin and nerves that is caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium leprae. It can manifest as a wide variety of immunological and clinical features. Although leprosy is now considered a curable disease with a good prognosis, it can still be incapacitating and stigmatizing. That is why early diagnosis and prompt therapy are important to control the disease. But it is rare recently, young dermatologists are often unfamiliar with it. Here, we report two cases of leprosy with different clinical manifestations. Firstly, a 74-year-old woman presented with anesthetic erythematous hairless patches on glabella and both eyebrows for 1 year. Secondly, a 85-year-old man presented with generalized erythematous nodules, and plaques on whole body for 3 months. In both cases, a biopsy was performed and granulomatous dermal infiltration of foamy histiocytes was found. Ziehl-Neelsen stain was positive for acid-fast bacilli (AFB). Serologic assay was positive for anti-PGL antibodies. Mycobacterium leprae infection was also verified by PCR. A diagnosis of leprosy was established based on clinicopathologic features in both cases. Though the chance to meet leprosy patients seems to be quite low nowadays, leprosy didn’t extinguish completely in Korea. And so, it is imperative for dermatologists to increase their vigilance in screening, treating, and reporting cases.

Post-Thaw Cryosurvival of Bovine Embryos Produced In Vitro andIn Vivo after Controlled Freezing

Sang-Rae Cho,Sun-Ho Choi,ChangYong Choe,PoongYeon Lee,Jun-Kyu Son,Jae-Bum Kim,Sung-Jae Kim,Hyun-Jong Kim,Seung-Oh Shin,Dong-Soo Son 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2009 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.24 No.4

To enhance the embryo preservation technology and better application of embryo transfer technique to the field (dairy science or animal reproduction. etc.), we examined the viabilities of bovine embryos produced in vitro and in vivo after cryopreservation according to their developmental stage and thawing temperature. Bovine embryos from in vivo/vitro fertilization (Hanwoo) were examined at day 7, 8, and 9. Survival rates and total cell numbers of in vivo fertilized embryos were as follows: morulae 68.8% and 67±6.0; blastocysts 80.5% and 120±10; expanded blastocysts 77.4% and 138±9.7, respectively. Rates of embryo development for blastocysts and expanded blastocysts after thawing were significantly higher than that of morula stage embryos (p<0.05). While survival rates of in vitro fertilized embryos according to developmental stage showed no significant difference among groups (morula 67.9%; blastocyst 74.3%; and expanded blastocyst 79.4%), total cell numbers were significantly lower than those of other groups (morula 64±5.9; blastocyst 116±8.7; and expanded blastocyst 135±9.1) For the viability according to thawing temperature, survival rate was higher in 37℃.

Thermal Analysis of a Satellite for the Change or Thermal Orbit Environment by the Altercation of the Local Time of Ascending Node(LTAN)

Kim, Hui-Kyung,Hyun, Bum-Seok,Lee, Jang-Joon,Choi, Joon-Min,Kim, Sang-Ho,Kim, Hyeong-Dong 한국우주과학회 2006 한국우주과학회보 Vol.15 No.2