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Gene expression defines natural changes in mammalian lifespan
Fushan, Alexey A,Turanov, Anton A,Lee, Sang-Goo,Kim, Eun Bae,Lobanov, Alexei V,Yim, Sun Hee,Buffenstein, Rochelle,Lee, Sang-Rae,Chang, Kyu-Tae,Rhee, Hwanseok,Kim, Jong-So,Yang, Kap-Seok,Gladyshev, Vad BLACKWELL PUBLISHING 2015 AGING CELL Vol.14 No.3
<P>Mammals differ more than 100-fold in maximum lifespan, which can be altered in either direction during evolution, but the molecular basis for natural changes in longevity is not understood. Divergent evolution of mammals also led to extensive changes in gene expression within and between lineages. To understand the relationship between lifespan and variation in gene expression, we carried out RNA-seq-based gene expression analyses of liver, kidney, and brain of 33 diverse species of mammals. Our analysis uncovered parallel evolution of gene expression and lifespan, as well as the associated life-history traits, and identified the processes and pathways involved. These findings provide direct insights into how nature reversibly adjusts lifespan and other traits during adaptive radiation of lineages.</P>
Ma, S.,Yim, S.,Lee, S.G.,Kim, E.,Lee, S.R.,Chang, K.T.,Buffenstein, R.,Lewis, Kaitlyn N.,Park, Thomas J.,Miller, Richard A.,Clish, Clary B.,Gladyshev, Vadim N. Cell Press 2015 Cell metabolism Vol.22 No.2
Biological diversity among mammals is remarkable. Mammalian body weights range seven orders of magnitude and lifespans differ more than 100-fold among species. While genetic, dietary, and pharmacological interventions can be used to modulate these traits in model organisms, it is unknown how they are determined by natural selection. By profiling metabolites in brain, heart, kidney, and liver tissues of 26 mammalian species representing ten taxonomical orders, we report metabolite patterns characteristic of organs, lineages, and species longevity. Our data suggest different rates of metabolite divergence across organs and reveal patterns representing organ-specific functions and lineage-specific physiologies. We identified metabolites that correlated with species lifespan, some of which were previously implicated in longevity control. We also compared the results with metabolite changes in five long-lived mouse models and observed some similar patterns. Overall, this study describes adjustments of the mammalian metabolome according to lifespan, phylogeny, and organ and lineage specialization.