國産鷄 改良을 위한 合成種 育種에 關한 硏究

BONG KUG OHH(吳鳳國) 한국육종학회 1979 한국육종학회지 Vol.11 No.2

This experiment was based on single cross data during 64 weeks from diallel crossing system to identify superior cross combinations in Seoul National University, College of Agriculture, Poultry Breeding Farm. Total 1599 birds of 10 single strain crosses were obtained from 4 inbred lines of white Leghorn, A(domestic), S(domestic), C(imported), and K(imported). CK crossbred, crossproduct of C and K purebreds which were selected for resistent to Limphoid Leuicosis in U.S.A., showed the most losses due to Leukosis. Therefore this study seems to be concluded that the lowest viability results from interaction between genes for Leukosis and Korean environment. In estimate of combining abiliy, egg productivities of A and K strains were identified as superior for general combining ability, while combining ability of S strain which showed the best performance among 4 purebreds is very low and in this result it was evident that performance of crossbred was not dependent upon that of it’s parent but combining ability between parents. Since combining ability variance for egg weight of all strains is very low compared with error variance, improvement of this character in use of cross combinations of these experimental strains will not be expected. In breeding for body weight, considering heavier layer requires more feed for body maintenance, A and K strains calculated lower combining ability variance were desirable. Following the above results, using the A and K strains among 4 experimental strains in this study were agreed to be able to improve the laying productivity through their cross combination for their superior combining ability.

닭(gallus domesticus)의 經濟形質 改良을 위한 染色體 分染分析과 標識因子의 究明에 관한 硏究 Ⅰ. 品種間의 比較

Bong Kug Ohh(吳鳳國),Jung Sou Yeo(呂政秀),Bong Bo Seo(徐奉甫) 한국육종학회 1985 한국육종학회지 Vol.17 No.1

This experiment was carried out to identify the differences of genetic materials as genetic marker for the three chick breed. The characteristics of chick chromosome were as follows. The 10 pairs chromosomes generally identified by morphology vary in size from about 7 ㎛ to small dot. It was identified that chromosome #1 and 2 were grouped as sub-metacentric, #3 was telocentric, #4 was as acrocentric and #5 was as metacentric and sex chromosome Z. Residual as intermediate chromosomes is found as acrocentric for #6, #7, #8, #10 and sub-metacentric for #9. Metacentric sex chromosome W was similiar size of the #9. The identification of the egg type, meat type, and dual purpose type chicken was also as follows. Egg type chick was featured by the less band at distal part of #1-p and #4-q than others. Dark band adjacent to centromere of meat type chick was found as the specific marker and in dual purpose chick was more bands at #1-p, #2-p, and central part of #3 than the other breeds.

Study on the Genetic Correlations of Body Weights and the Growth Rates from 2- to 8-weeks of Age in Broiler Chicken

Ohh, Bong-Kug,Yang, Young-Whoun,Sohn, Sea-Hwan,Lee, Moun-Yeoun The Korean Society of Poultry Science 1985 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.12 No.2

본 연구는 서울대학교 농과대학 실험목장에서 사육되었던. Broiler 종계 3계통에 대하여 이면교잡을 실시하고 여기에서 작출된 9개 교배조합의 자료를 이용하였다. 총 32수의 부가계와 209수의 모가계에서 생산된 1,109수의 암ㆍ수탉을 공시하여 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 교배조합, 집구, 성별에 대한 분산분석은 모두 고도의 유의성 (P〈0.01)이 인정되었다. 2. 부모 결합분산성분에 의한 유전력은 2, 4, 6 및 8주령 체중에서 각각 0.32, 0.31, 0.35 및 0.29로 추정되었다. 3. 2, 4, 6 및 8주령의 체중에 대한 상관분석에서 2주령과 8주령에서는 0.72의 유전상관과 0.35의 낮은 표현형-상관을 보였으며, 4주령과 8주령에서는 0.91 및 0.61의 유전상관과 표현형상관을 보였다. 또한 6주령과 8주영에서 0.94의 높은 유전상관 및 0.78의 표현형상관이 추정된 결과 broiler종계 교잡시험에 있어서 4주령 및 6주령 체중을 이용하여 8주영 체중에 대한 조기판정의 가능성을 보였다. 4. 2주령부터 8주령까지 broiler 성장을 다항회귀에 적합시킨 결과 전체평균에 의한 것이 W=-141.13+30.575 D+G.161D$^2$ (단 14$\leq$D$\leq$56), 암컷은 W=-228.42+29.886D+0.126 D$^2$(단, 14$\leq$D$\leq$56), 수컷은 W=-257.14+3l.474 D+0.202ㅇ$^2$(단, 14$\leq$D$\leq$56)으로 추정되었다 (W: body weight, D: days of age). 이들 모두 $R^2$가 0.99이상 고도의 적합도를 보였으며, 2적령시 8.36g의 암수 체중차리에서 적령이 경통함에 따라 68.08g(4주령), 169.99g(6주령), 293.19g(8주령)의 성에 의한 차이가 크게 나타났다. 따라서 암수 혼합사육시에는 성에 대한 효과가 적은 계통의 조합으로 선발이 고려되어야 하며, 또한 출하시 체중에 따라 분리사육하는 것이 바람직하다. This study was carried out to estimate genetic correlations among broiler body weights for the selection of broiler breeders at early age, and to investigate the difference of growth rates between male and female in mixed-sex population of broiler from 2wks to 8 wks of age. A total of 1109 records were used in this study. the heritability estimates from combined variance components for 2-,4-, 6- and 8- weeks body weights were 0.32, 0.31, 0.35 and 0.29 respectively. Genetic correlations were 0.91 between 4wks and 8wks body weights, 0.94 between 6wks and 8wks body weights. Records obtained on 4wks and 8wks might be useful in a selection program to improve traits in 8wks broiler weight. Growth rates of male and female from nonlinear equations from 2wks to 8wks were shown differently in both linear and quadratic terms, Even though both sexes showed closely equal body weights at 2wks of age, they manifested great difference about 300g at 8wks of age. At all. ages roles were havier, grew at a faster than female. From this result it might be profitable either to select the combination of lines which has little sex effect or to rear male and female broiler separately up to the marketing body weights.

계육생산을 위한 부로이라 종계의 육종개발에 관한 연구 ( 제3보 )

오봉국 ( Bong Kug Ohh ) 한국축산학회 1977 한국축산학회지 Vol.19 No.5

The data used in the studies were the records of 45 crosses produced by 3 way cross of 6 strain of fatherline and 7 strain. of mother line, and added 3 strains of imported commercial broiler stock. A total 3,375 chicks of crossbreds were used in this experiment. The results obtained in the study are summarized as follows: (1) Average chick viability was 95.66% and the highest viability was(W×T) strain(98.73%), and the lowest viability was Ym strain(93.33%). There was no significant difference in viability between superior crossbreds and imported broiler stocks. (2) Average body weight at 8 weeks of age was 1,700g and the highest body weight in male lines was Wm strain(1,785g) and the lowest body weight was Xm(1,616g) strain. There was no significant difference between female line and between selected crossbreds and imported broiler stocks on 8 weeks body weight. In statistical analysis in male lines there was significant difference between sire lines. consequently it seems to be important to select sire line. (3) With respect to feed conversion at 8 weeks of age the average feed requirement was 2.26㎏ and the highest feed conversion strain was WY strain(2.17㎏), and the lowest was Xm strain(2.35㎏) in sire lines. In statistical analysis of feed requirement, there was significant difference between sire lines. It seems to be important to select sire line. (4) In point spread at 8 weeks of body weight and feed conversion, the average of point spread was 147.67% and the highest point spread was 177% in imported broiler stocks (5) In carcase percentage was WX strain(86.58%) in sire line, and H strain(86.0%) in dam line. The average of carcase percentage was 85.64% in imported broiler stock. In the conclusion, the average performance of selected dam lines O and T strains were superior to the imported parents stock in the over all results of this experiment. A comparison of relative performance between selected superior female breeders and Arkansas meat performance egg phase test, there were no significant difference in terms of average performance in livability, egg weight, conversion of feed into eggs, sexual maturity and adult body weight. The broiler test represents the performance of the progeny from the matings between selected superior female lines and certain selected male lines. The average performance of selected certain broiler lines were about the same performance as the imported broiler strains and there was no significant differences between average performance selected domestic broiler lines and Arkansas meat performance test.

계육생산을 위한 부로이라종계의 육종개발에 관한 연구 ( 제2보 )

오봉국 ( Bong Kug Ohh ) 한국축산학회 1976 한국축산학회지 Vol.18 No.6

This study was carried out to improve broiler production arid to estimate a genetic value, and to select superior broiler breeder stocks by means of crossbreeding under domestic feeding and management conditions. Selection of superior stock in female lines: The data used in the study were the records of 18 single crosses produced by dialled cross of 4 strains of White Plymouth Rock and one strain of White Cornish, and added one strain of imported commercial parent stock. A total 1,283 chicks of crossbreds and purebreds mere used in this experiment. The results obtained in the study are summarized as follows; (1) The average date of sexual maturity was 193 days and the earliest sexual maturity was 185 days (O strain) and the latest sexual maturity was 206 days (S stain). The crossbreds had 8 days earlier sexual maturity than purebreds. (2) The average body weight at 24 weeks of age was 2,498g and the highest body weight was S strain (2,712g), and the lowest body weight was A strain (2,238g). There was no significant difference between crossbreds and purebreds, and between average body weight and recommanded body weight at 24 weeks of age. (3) The average adult body weight at 60 weeks of age was 3,625g and the highest body weight was 3,885g in S strain, and the low est body weight was 3,496g in A strain. In adult body weight for laying period was normally maintained body weight compared with breeder pullet feeding recommandations. (4) With respect to the laying hen viability the crossbreds were superior to the purebreds. The crossbred had about 5.1 percent lower mortality than the purebred. The death of the laying hens were due mainly to Lymphoid leukosis Complex. (5) The average hen-day egg production from 24 to 64 weeks of age was 51.60 percent and the highest egg production strain was T crossbred (65.04%), and the lowest egg production was B purebred (39.15%). The hen-day egg production appeared to be the most consistent of hybrid vigor. The crossbred averaged about 8.5% higher than the purebreds. The hen-housed average egg production was 144 eggs and the crossbreds were superior to the purebreds. The crossbred had about 20% higher egg production than the purebreds. In statistical analysis for combining ability in egg production, general and specific combining ability were significant. Consequently it seems to be important to be select dam and sire lines. The highest hen-housed egg production was 184 eggs in T crossbred. (6) In egg weight, the average egg weight was 61.96g grams and the highest egg weight strain was F crossbred (63.98grams), and the lowest egg weight strain was T crossbred (59.72grams). The crossbreds were superior to the purebreds in egg weight. (7) The average conversion of feed into egg production was 4.56㎏ and the lowest feed requirement strain (5.91㎏). Feed requirement of S strain which was imported broiler P.S. was 4.86㎏ of feed to produce per kilograms of eggs. With respect to the feed efficiency the crossbreds were superior to the purebreds. The crossbred had about 18 percent lower feed requirement than the purebreds. (8) In economic analysis of broiler breeder stock, the average of net income of per laying hen was 1,318won and the highest net income was T crossbred (2,552 won), and the lowest net income was B strain (-164 won), The average net income of S strain was 966 won. With respect to the cost of per egg production, the averages of per egg production cost was 33won and the lowest production cost was T crossbred (25.54 won). Egg production cost of S strain which was imported broiler breeder stocks was 35.44won and the S strain needed more cost to produce per egg was 9.79 won compared with the T strain. In the conclusion, the average performance of selected dam lines O and T strains was superior than the imported parents stock in the over all results of this experiment. A comparison of relative performance between selected superior female breeders and Arkansas meat performance e

계육생산을 위한 부로이라종계의 육종개발에 관한 연구 ( 제1보 )

오봉국 ( Bong Kug Ohh ) 한국축산학회 1975 한국축산학회지 Vol.17 No.1

This study was carried out to improve broiler production and to estimate a genetic value, and to select superior broiler breeder stocks by means of crossbreeding under domestic feeding and management conditions. The data used in the study were the records of 18 single crosses produced by diallel cross of 4 strains of White Plymouth Rock and one strain of White Cornish, and added one strain of imported Pilch parent stock. A total of 1,283 chicks of crossbreds and purebreds were used in this experiment. The results obtained in this study are summarized as follows: (1) Average viability of brooding and growing periods were 98.21 percent and 99.13 percent respectively and there was no significant difference between purebreds and crossbreds. In statistical analysis of combining ability, the C strain used as sire line and B strain used as dam line had about 2∼3 percent higher mortality than the other strains. The death of the chicks were due mainly to paralysis, and catarrh of crop. (2) With respect to the laying hen viability the crossbreds were superior to the pure breds. The crossbred had about 2.5 percent lower mortality than the pure strains. The death of the laying hens were due mainly to Lymphoid leukosis complex. (3) Average body weight at 8 weeks of age was 1, 399 and the highest body weight at 8 weeks of age was S strain (1,555g) and N strain (1,519g). The gain of body weight to 8 weeks of age appeared to be the most consistent of hybrid vigor. The crossbred averaged about 63g heavier than the purebreds. In statistical analysis for combining ability in the gain of body weight, general combining ability and maternal effect were significant. Consequently it seems to be important to select dam line. (4) In growth rate for grow ing period, crossbreds were normally developed compared with breeder pullet in body weight and feed recommendations. Average body weight at 12 weeks of age, 16 weeks of age and 20 weeks of age were 1,563g, 1,798g, and 2,048g, respectively. (5) The average feed conversion at 8 weeks of age was 2.49 and the highest feed efficiency was 2.42 (N crossbred) and the lowest feed efficiency was 2.55 (B crossbred). There was no significant difference in feed conversion between purestrain and crossbreds.

사료의 영양수준에 따른 Broiler 품종간의 능력 비교 시험

오봉국,오세정 ( Bong K . Ohh,Se J . Oh ) 한국축산학회 1978 한국축산학회지 Vol.20 No.5

This study was conducted to investigate the performance of four broiler strains (A, B, C, D) when they were fed by three different nutritional level (high protein and high energy; H.H., medium protein and medium energy; M.M., low protein and low energy; L.L., in Seoul National University, Agriculture College from 28th, October 1977 to 23rd. December 1977. It was considered that all strains were same in viability but H.H. treatment showed significantly lower viability compared with M.M. and L.L. treatments. In propotion to nutrition levels other characters; body weight, feed efficiency, and point spread: were significantly differentiated H.H., M.M., and L.L. treatment in order. There was found significantly differences in body weight, feed efficiency and point spread among broiler strains when comparison was made without consideration with respect to nutrition levels. A,C, and D strains were considered to show same ability except B strain in body weight at 8 weeks of age, and feed requirement 2.27㎏ in C strain was identified significant difference compared with A, D strains. In point spread E. strain also showed worse record than those of other strains. The most interested interaction between feed and strain in each character was nut showed significantly difference through statistical analysis, but having a precise investigation D strain was observed low viability in H. H. treatment, body weight of B, C strains did not significantly different in M.M. and H.H. treatments. In feed requirement, every strain was regarded different performance in H.H. and M.M. treatments but the same in L.L. treatment. In economic analysis of broiler production, the highest income was D strain (432 won) and C, B, A in order, and in accordance with nutrition levels H.H. treatment was the best and M.M. was; slightly superior to L.L. treatment.

산란계의 교잡육종에 관한 연구

오봉국,여정수 ( Bong Kug Ohh,Jung Sou Yeo ) 한국축산학회 1979 한국축산학회지 Vol.21 No.4

This experiment carried out to identify combining ability and genetic sources of 5 purebreds A, B, C, K, N strains through crosses among them. Those data were collected during 45 weeks from 19th, May 1977 to 30th, March 1978 at Poultry Breeding Farm, College of Agriculture, Seoul National University, and experimental stocks used were 1,345 purebreds and 519crossbreds. Theres was evidence to indicate that for all characters except viability these data could investigate the crosses to be better than the parents from which they were derived. Phenotypic performances of AK, BK, CK strains which were derived from K-male, and AK, AN strains from A-female could be measured as superior general combining ability of A and K strains in egg production. Sexual maturity day of BK crossbred shortened 12 days compared with mean performance of it`s parent. This considerable result proposed satisfactory specific combining ability of B to K strain. AN and BN crossbreds which were produced from N line, genetically small egg lager, laved smaller egg than others. In body weight, crossbreds of N-male were observed as h yaw birds which might require more feed for body maintenance. As these results utilization of N strain in breeding of layer seemed to be negligible source. Reciprocal cross of C and K strain seemed to show the sex-linkage effect of K strain in egg production and maternal effect of C strain in egg weight. In general, additive effects were the most important for egg weight and body weight but nonadditive effects for egg production. Using the above identifications which were satisfactory general combining ability of A and K strains, and specific combining ability of B strain to K strain, continuos genetic improvement of non-additive effect by crosses of those strains can be expected to be considerable achievements.

닭(gallus domesticus)의 經濟形質 改良을 위한 染色體 分染分析과 標識因子의 究明에 관한 硏究 Ⅲ. 交雜種과 純種間의 比較

Bang Bo Seo(徐奉甫),Bong Kug Ohh(吳鳳國),Jung Sou Yeo(呂政秀) 한국육종학회 1985 한국육종학회지 Vol.17 No.1

This experiment was carried out to identify the differences of genetic materials as genetic marker for crossbred of egg type and dual purpose chicken. The characteristics of chromosomes in egg type and dual purpose hybrid were as follows. The differences from the origin of the parent chromosomes were found that chromosome #2-q was non-banded centromere, #4-q was dark band adjacent to centromere as the marker of meat type chick, and Z chramosome was faint dark band adjacent to centromere.

닭(gallus domesticus)의 經濟形質 改良을 위한 染色體 分染分析과 標識因子의 究明에 관한 硏究 Ⅱ. 卵用種의 系統間의 比較

Jung Sou Yeo(呂政秀),Bong Kug Ohh(吳鳳國),Bong Bo Seo(徐奉甫) 한국육종학회 1985 한국육종학회지 Vol.17 No.1

This experiment was carried out to identify the differences of genetic materials as genetic marker for the four strains of egg type breed. The differences of strains of egg type chick were as follows. It was chracterized with strain A to show less band at distal part of chromosome #3 and dark band at centromere of #4-q. More bands at distal part of #1-q than others was the marker of strain K. In strain M, less band at #2-p and non-band at distal part of #Z-q were observed, and dark band at centromere of Z chromosome like the feature of meat type chick was the chracteristics of strain S.