사이코패시 측정도구 사용에 있어서 평가자의 훈련과 경험에 관한 정보연구

전혜민,Marcus T. Boccaccini,Jorge G. Valera,조은경 한국법심리학회 2017 한국심리학회지: 법 Vol.8 No.2

A significant body of research have been published to support the predictive validity of psychopathy measures. But most PCL studies have not focused on the raters scoring these psychopathy measures. This study coded how often and what information was provided regarding raters who scored the psychopathy measures in 61 published PCL studies. Our findings are noteworthy for demonstrating that PCL studies have been less likely provide information about the raters using psychopathy measures to readers. Specifically, most of PCL studies did not provide any information about who scored the PCL, the rater’s level of training or experiences regarding risk assessment. Future study implication includes exploring the effect of rater’s training, experiences, and characteristics on variability on psychopathy measures enhance risk assessment practice in clinical and forensic settings. 지난 몇 십 년 동안 사이코패시를 측정하는 재범 위험성 평가도구의 신뢰도와 타당도를 지지하는 많은 연구들이 발표되면서 사이코패시 측정도구는 형사정책 현장에서 위험성 평가도구 중 가장 널리 사용되고 있다. 사이코패시 점수의 예측 타당도가 평가자의 특성 및 훈련 정도에 따라 달라질 수 있다는 최근의 연구 결과에도 불구하고, 사이코패시 측정도구를 사용한 평가자들에 대한 논의나 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 사이코패시 측정도구를 사용한 61개의 기존 연구들을 바탕으로 각 연구에서 사이코패시 측정도구를 사용한 평가자들에 대한 정보를 확인하였다. 그 결과, 대부분의 연구들은 사이코패시 측정도구를 누가 사용하였는지, 평가자는 사이코패시 전문가 지침서에서 제시한 요건을 충족할 만한 학위 및 훈련을 받았는지, 법임상 현장 경험이 있었는지 등에 대한 정보를 제공하지 않았다. 본 연구는 위험성 평가 시 사이코패시 측정의 예측타당도 및 신뢰도를 높이기 위해 사이코패시 측정도구를 사용하는 평가자들에 대한 적절한 교육 및 지속적인 훈련의 필요성을 제안한다.

Poly-3-hydroxyoctanoate P(3HO), a Medium Chain Length Polyhydroxyalkanoate Homopolymer from Pseudomonas mendocina

Rai, Ranjana,Yunos, Darmawati M.,Boccaccini, Aldo R.,Knowles, Jonathan C.,Barker, Ian A.,Howdle, Steven M.,Tredwell, Gregory D.,Keshavarz, Tajalli,Roy, Ipsita American Chemical Society 2011 Biomacromolecules Vol.12 No.6

<P><named-content content-type='genus-species' xlink:type='simple'>Pseudomonas mendocina</named-content> was found to produce a unique homopolymer of poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate), P(3HO), rather than a copolymer, when grown on sodium octanoate as the sole carbon source. Although this polymer has been produced by other organisms, interestingly this is the first time an absolute homopolymer has been produced by a wild type organism. In addition, a detailed study on the effects of different extraction methods on the yield, molecular weight, thermal properties, and lipopolysaccharide content of P(3HO) has been carried out. The organism was able to accumulate P(3HO) up to 31.38% of its dry cell weight within 48 h in mineral salt medium. Characterization of the monomer was carried out using FTIR, GC-MS, <SUP>13</SUP>C, <SUP>1</SUP>H, and HSQC NMR spectroscopy. The polymer had a crystallinity of 37.5%, Young’s modulus value of 11.6 MPa and contact angle of 77.3°. Microstructural studies of solvent cast polymer films revealed a smooth surface topography with a root-mean-square roughness value of 0.238 μm.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/bomaf6/2011/bomaf6.2011.12.issue-6/bm2001999/production/images/medium/bm-2011-001999_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/bm2001999'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Controlled Delivery of Gentamicin Using Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) Microspheres

Francis, Lydia,Meng, Decheng,Knowles, Jonathan,Keshavarz, Tajalli,Boccaccini, Aldo R.,Roy, Ipsita Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MD 2011 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.12 No.7

<P>Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), P(3HB), produced from <I>Bacillus cereus</I> SPV using a simple glucose feeding strategy was used to fabricate P(3HB) microspheres using a solid-in-oil-water (s/o/w) technique. For this study, several parameters such as polymer concentration, surfactant and stirring rates were varied in order to determine their effect on microsphere characteristics. The average size of the microspheres was in the range of 2 μm to 1.54 μm with specific surface areas varying between 9.60 m<SUP>2</SUP>/g and 6.05 m<SUP>2</SUP>/g. Low stirring speed of 300 rpm produced slightly larger microspheres when compared to the smaller microspheres produced when the stirring velocity was increased to 800 rpm. The surface morphology of the microspheres after solvent evaporation appeared smooth when observed under SEM. Gentamicin was encapsulated within these P(3HB) microspheres and the release kinetics from the microspheres exhibiting the highest encapsulation efficiency, which was 48%, was investigated. The <I>in vitro</I> release of gentamicin was bimodal, an initial burst release was observed followed by a diffusion mediated sustained release. Biodegradable P(3HB) microspheres developed in this research has shown high potential to be used in various biomedical applications.</P>

Novel Biodegradable and Biocompatible Poly(3‐hydroxyoctanoate)/Bacterial Cellulose Composites

Basnett, Pooja,Knowles, Jonathan C.,Pishbin, Fatemah,Smith, Caroline,Keshavarz, Tajalli,Boccaccini, Aldo R.,Roy, Ipsita WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2012 Advanced Engineering Materials Vol.14 No.6

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Novel poly(3‐hydroxyoctanoate), P(3HO), and bacterial cellulose composites have been developed. P(3HO) is hydrophobic in nature whereas bacterial cellulose is extremely hydrophilic in nature. Therefore, homogenized bacterial cellulose has been chemically modified in order to achieve compatibility with the P(3HO) matrix. Modified bacterial cellulose microcrystals and P(3HO) have been physically blended and solvent casted into two‐dimensional composite films. Mechanical characterization shows that the Young's modulus of the P(3HO)/bacterial cellulose composites is significantly higher in comparison to the neat P(3HO) film. The melting temperature (<I>T</I><SUB>m</SUB>) of the composites is lower while the glass transition temperature (<I>T</I><SUB>g</SUB>) is higher than the neat P(3HO) film. Also, the composite film has a rougher surface topography as compared to the neat P(3HO) film. A month's in vitro degradation study has been carried out in Dulbeccos modified eagle medium and in phosphate buffer saline. The incorporation of modified bacterial cellulose microcrystal in the P(3HO) film has increased the degradability of the composite film. Finally, in vitro biocompatibility studies using human microvascular endothelial cells established the biocompatibility of the P(3HO)/bacterial cellulose microcrystal films. The cell proliferation was 50–110% higher on the P(3HO)/bacterial cellulose composites as compared to the neat P(3HO) film. Hence, in this study, for the first time, P(3HO)/bacterial cellulose composites have been developed. The addition of bacterial cellulose has resulted in properties that are highly desirable for medical applications including the development of biodegradable stents.</P>

Electrophoretic Deposition and Characterization of HA/Chitosan Nanocomposite Coatings on Ti6Al7Nb Alloy

Tomasz Moskalewicz,Marcin Kot,Sigrid Seuss,Aleksandra Kędzierska,Aleksandra Czyrska-Filemonowicz,Aldo R. Boccaccini 대한금속·재료학회 2015 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.21 No.1

Nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan (nc-HA/chitosan) composite coatings were produced on two phase (α+β) Ti6Al7Nbtitanium alloy substrates by electrophoretic deposition (EPD). The microstructure of the coatings was examinedby scanning- and transmission electron microscopy methods as well as by X-ray diffractometry. The coatings,770 nm - 800 nm thick, were uniform, without any cracks or presence of large voids and they exhibited good adhesionto the titanium alloy substrate. The microstructure of the coatings consisted of nc-HA needle-like particleshomogeneously embedded in a chitosan matrix. The deposited coatings exhibited good adhesion to the substrate. The best adhesion to the titanium alloy was determined for the coating deposited from suspensions containing4 g/L of HA at 10 V during 240 s. The results confirm EPD as a convenient method to develop uniform and crackfreenanoscale organic-inorganic composite coatings on two phase titanium alloy substrates with potentialapplication in orthopedic and dental implants.