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Perovskite energy funnels for efficient light-emitting diodes
Yuan, Mingjian,Quan, Li Na,Comin, Riccardo,Walters, Grant,Sabatini, Randy,Voznyy, Oleksandr,Hoogland, Sjoerd,Zhao, Yongbiao,Beauregard, Eric M.,Kanjanaboos, Pongsakorn,Lu, Zhenghong,Kim, Dong Ha,Sarge Nature Publishing Group 2016 Nature nanotechnology Vol.11 No.10
<P>Organometal halide perovskites exhibit large bulk crystal domain sizes, rare traps, excellent mobilities and carriers that are free at room temperature-properties that support their excellent performance in charge-separating devices. In devices that rely on the forward injection of electrons and holes, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), excellent mobilities contribute to the efficient capture of non-equilibrium charge carriers by rare non-radiative centres. Moreover, the lack of bound excitons weakens the competition of desired radiative (over undesired non-radiative) recombination. Here we report a perovskite mixed material comprising a series of differently quantum-size-tuned grains that funnels photoexcitations to the lowest-bandgap light-emitter in the mixture. The materials function as charge carrier concentrators, ensuring that radiative recombination successfully outcompetes trapping and hence non-radiative recombination. We use the new material to build devices that exhibit an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 8.8% and a radiance of 80 W sr(-1) m(-2). These represent the brightest and most efficient solution-processed near-infrared LEDs to date.</P>