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Cell equalizer for recycling batteries from hybrid electric vehicles
Bat-Orgil, Turmandakh,Dugarjav, Bayasgalan,Shimizu, Toshihisa The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2020 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.20 No.3
The rise of electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) has resulted in increases in battery toxic waste. Although the powering and capacity characteristics of batteries deteriorate after use in EVs and HEVs, they usually retain enough potential for reuse as power sources in home energy systems, whose power requirements are much lower than those of EVs and HEVs. This study proposes an active cell equalizer that balances the state of charge (SOC) of nickel-metal hybrid (NiMH) batteries recycled from HEVs. In the proposed cell equalizer, two different circuits, e.g., a generation control circuit (GCC) and a power-decoupling circuit are integrated. Excessive energy is automatically transferred from a high-SOC cell to a low-SOC cell through the GCC. The power-decoupling circuit lowers the power pulsation caused by the single-phase DC/AC inverter. This reduces the low-frequency ripple current flowing into the battery pack, ensures safe operation and prolongs the lifecycle of the batteries. A prototype circuit with a three-stage battery pack is implemented in the discharging state and the obtained experimental results are analyzed to verify the equalizer functionality.
Battery Cell Balancer with Active Power Decoupling Function
Turmandakh Bat-Orgil,Bayasgalan Dugarjav,Toshihisa Shimizu 전력전자학회 2019 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2019 No.5
Nickel metal hybrid (NiMH) batteries are the most widely used batteries in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). Due to an imbalance among the individual cells caused by long-term use in HEV, a large number of NiMH batteries end up as toxic waste. Although the retired batteries cannot be employed as energy storage devices (ESDs) in electric vehicles (EVs) or HEVs anymore, they still have the potential to be reused as an energy source in small-scale distributed generation systems for households. However, the cell balancing operation is mandatory, even for those applications with lower power ratings. Hence, this paper proposes an active cell balancer that equalizes the state of charges (SOCs) of the imbalanced NiMH batteries using a generation control circuit (GCC). Along with the cell balancing circuit, an active power decoupling circuit (APDC) is applied. The purpose of the APDC is to not only achieve minimization of power pulsation caused by single-phase inverter, but also reliability enhancement of the entire system.