Leadership理論의 展開過程에 관한 小考

申邦鉉 단국대학교 1981 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

Many scholars have focused their attention on leadership which is a very important variable to influence an organization regardless of type. It is, however, well-known that leadership has a considerable amount of influence upon the cinduct if business within an organization. But how it operates internally, and the scope of research on the subject is not widely known. The reason for this is that objective and proper researches on leadership cannot be pursued in only a few variables. Such researches take on a different aspect in accordance with the background of the times, internal and external situations, national background and size of prganization. Therefore, leadersuip may not be demonstrated in a universal situation, but in a sprcial one. This study examiness leadership on the basis of F. Fiedler's Contingency Model Theory in which leadership may be deemed to be universalized within any organization, through his treatsies on, and approach to it. F. Fiedler developed the contingency model theory with an emphasis on the interrelationships of leaders, followers, and conditions with the advace of social psychology. That is, in reference to the three elements: 1) the leader and his relationship with his followers, 2) the objective or task to be accomplished, and 3) the status of the authorities, he ecaluated the advantage or disadvantage of the situation and distinguished between the High-LPC leader by measuring LPC scores using the "Least Preferred Co-worker" questionnaire. Presupposing, as F. Fiedler said, that effective leadership is determined by conditions which made it eddective, we are enabled to develop a type of leadership which meets the requirements for our social-cultural climate. In this light, the study sets forth the following considerations to be somewhat helpful in the direction of further researches on leadership. First, to pursue researches in political leadership, to abolish the differences in the level of education, cultural and policy among all walks of life, and to place the country on a solid basis. Second, systematic conditions given in a step forming the elite who may lead the people benovently in a transient situation. Third, to pursue researches in administrative leadership to meet the changes made form time to time among the bureaucratic organizations of government. Fourth, to purpuse researches in effective leadership neccessary to reform the industrial climate on the basis of the logic that development of the enterprise means development of the nation.

국내에서 분리된 canine parvovirus의 구조유전자 cloning과 염기서열 분석

박종현,송재영,이중복,현방훈,안수환,전무형 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1993 생물공학연구지 Vol.3 No.-

In this study gene encoding structural proteins of a CPV isolate was cloned and saquenced to elucidate the molecular genetical properties of the canine parvoviruses isolated from the field. Six recombinant plasmids of pEP3, p1471, p2070, pEP069, pEP338 and p14711p were constructed from the map positions 22 to 98 of RF DNA to clone the VP1 and VP2 genes of CPV-V20. Sequentialy the gene comprising 3780 nucleotides were sequenced by dideoxy chain termination method. When nucleotide sequence of gene encoding the structural proteins of CPV-V20 was compared with those of other strains, CPV-N, CPV-d and CPV-780929 published previously. DNA homologies to CPV-V20 were 99.87% with CPV-NM, 99.73% with CPV-d, 96.85% with CPV-780929 AND 98.4% with FPLV-Carl, respectively. The DNA sequence data of CPV-V20 showed seven point mutations and also deletion of 135 nucleotides from the nucleotide position 4745 to 4879 located in the 3-noncoding region of CPV-N.

Pocine Adenovirus-3의 E1B Region의 鹽基序列 分析

朴鍾賢,宋載永,李重馥,玄芳勳,安東濬,車相昊,裵用泰,姜永源,Reddy, P S,全茂炯,安壽煥 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1999 생물공학연구지 Vol.7 No.-

돼지 아데노바이러스(PAV-3). 6618주의 EIB region이 包含되어 있는 map unit 4.0에서 9.7까지의 유전자에 대한 1,984 bp의 염기서열을 決定하였으며, 이 結果를 알려진 여러 아데노바이러스 유전자와 비교하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. PAV-3의 EIB유전자는 10개의 ORF로 구성되어 있으며, 그 중 아데노바이러스의 단백질과 유사성이 있는 것은 ORF1, ORF2 및 ORF3이었다. ORF1은 Ad41의 19kd 와 BAV-2에서의 EIB ORF2에서의 아미노산의 一致率은 각각 32%와 31%이었다. 2. ORF2는 Ad2 55kd protein과 tupaia adenovirus 44kd protein가 각각 34%로 아미노산 一致率이 가장 높았으며, Ad41의 52kd protein. BAV-3의 EIB ORF3에서도 33%의 一致率을 보였다. 3. ORF1은 61-666 uncleotide (606 bp), ORF 2에서는 429-1,850 uncleotide (1,422 bp)의 부위로 각각 202, 474 a.a로 構成되었으며, 예상되는 분자량은 20 kd와 52 kd이었다. 4. ORF3는 hexon-associated pIX유전자로 추정되며 내부에 1개의 polyadenylation signal(ATAAA)이 1938-1942 uncleotide에 위치하였으며, 이 부위는 TATA box (1937-1942 uncleotide)와 중복되어 존재하였다. Porcine adenovirus type 3 (PAV-3) does not cause severe infection in pigs. Adenovirus has been suggestive of live vaccine vector carrying foreign gene. One of insertion regions is delayed early (EIB) region. However, EIB region of PAV-3 has not been molecularly characterized to date. Nucleotide sequence of EIB of PAV-3 was determined. The EIB region was composed of 1,984 bp and located between 4.0 and 9.7 map units. Three potential open reading frames(ORFs) with low level of homology to other adenoviruses and a polyadenylation signal were identified in the rightward direction of genome. The nucleotide and the predicted amino acid sequences of EIB were compared to those of human and animal adenoviruses. One of the three potential ORFs. ORF1 encoded a polypeptide homologous to bovine adenovirus type 2(BAV-2) ORF2 and human adenovirus type 41(Ad41) 19 kd protein. ORF2 encoded a polypeptide homologous to human adenovirus type 2(Ad2) 55 kd protein, bovine adenovirus type 3(BAV-3) ORF3 and porcine adenovirus type 4(PAV-4) ORF2. The predicted protein of ORF1 had homology to those of Ad41 and BAV-2 with 32 and 31% respectively, whereas the deduced protein of ORF2 had homology to those of Ad2. BAV-3 and PAV-4 with 34, 33 and 29%, respectively.

Baculovirus를 이용한 Aujeszky's Disease Virus gⅢ 단백질 발현

송재영,이중복,현방훈,박종현,김병한,권창희,전무형,안수환 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1993 생물공학연구지 Vol.3 No.-

The g Ⅲ gene located in U_L region of Yangsan strain, a field isolate of Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) in Korea, was cloned into pTZ18R and sequenced. The gⅢ gene consisting of 1,437 nucleotides showed 98% sequence homology with that of Becker strain, a reference strain of ADV. The gene encoding gⅢ of Yangsan strain was placed under the control of Autographa californica nucleopolyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) polyhedrin promoter, and expressed by the derived recombinant baculovirus using Spodoptera frugiperda 9 (Sf9) cells. The expressed gⅢ was a protein with molecular weight of 72kd determined by immunoprecipitation and Western blotting assay using anti-ADV polyclonal antibodies and anti-gⅢ monoclonal antibody. The partially purified gⅢ protein was utilized as antigen in the radial immunodiffusion enzyme assay (RIDEA) to detect to specific antibody against ADV in pig sera. The results indicated that the sensitivity of RIDEA with the recombinant gⅢ protein antigen (98%) was as high as that with the conventional glycoprotein antigen extracted from the ADV infected cells. In addition, the false positive and false nagative reactions in gⅢ RIDEA were significantly reduced than the conventional glycoprotein RIDEA as judged from the results of standard serum neutralization test.

Baculovirus를 利用한 Canine Parvovirus VP2蛋自質의 發現

朴鍾賢,宋載永,玄芳動,安動濬,姜永源,全茂炯,安壽煥 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1998 생물공학연구지 Vol.6 No.-

국내에서 分離된 개파보바이러스주(V20주)의 VP2 遺傳子를 baculovirus system을 이용하여 발현시켜 다음의 結果를 얻었다. 1. 개파보바이러스의 VP2 유전자를 PCR에 의해 增幅하여 1755bp의 VP2遺傳子를 pUC19에 클로닝하여, 클로닝된 遺傳子를 polyhedrin promoter를 가지는 baculovirus expression vector인 pVL1393에 옮겨 VP2 발현벡터인 pVL1393-VP2를 얻을 수 있었다. 2. pVL1393-VP2 plasmid와 baculovirus DNA와의 homologous recombination에 의해 재조합바이러스인 VP2-BV를 얻을 수 있었으며, 그 발현효율은 2.000-5.000 HAU/0.05 ml이었다. 3. 免疫沈澱法에 의해 발현된 단백질은 개파보바이러스의 VP2단백질과 유사한 64 kb에 달하는 것이었으며, 血球凝集能을 지니고 있었다 4. 血球凝集能을 지닌 蛋白質이 여러 陽性血淸에 있어서 抗體수준을 測定할 수 있는지 개파보바이러스항원과의 相關性을 比較한 바 0.94 (n=125. p<0.01)의 相關係數를 보였다 5. 발현 VP2白은 virus-like particles를 形成하였으며, 그 크기로는 개파보바이러스와 비슷한 25 ㎚의 크기를 갖았다. Canine parvovirus(CPV) is a member of autonomous replicating parvoviruses and is aetiologically associated with enteritis and mycoarditis in puppies. The capsids of CPV are composed of three structural proteins: VP1, VP2 and VP3. The VP2 protein is the major component of capsid. The VP2 gene of a canine parvovirus. V20 strain isolated in Korea was cloned into baculovirus expression vector, and subsequently the VP2 protein was expressed by a recombinant baculovirus under the control of polyhedrin promoter. The recombinant VP2 protein expressed in Spodoptera frugiperda 9(Sf9) cells was detected by haemagglutination(HA) test and immunofluorescent antibody assay. Molecular weight of the recombinant VP2 protein expressed was estimated as 64Kd when tested by immunoprecipitation test using anti-CPV monoclonal antibody. In haemagglutination inhibition(Ⅲ) test. 8 HA units of the recombinant VP2 protein antigen was successfully utilized to determine a level of antibody against CPV in various positive sera. The recombinant VP2 protein showed also the capability to form virus like particles similar in size and appearance to the CPV virions.

Pseudorabies Virus의 Major Capsid Protein 유전자의 클론닝과 Baculovirus Vector System에 의한 발현

안동준,전무형,송재영,박종현,현방훈,장경수,안수환 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1997 생물공학연구지 Vol.5 No.-

Pseudorabies is caused by Pseudorabies virus (PRV: Aujeszky's disease virus) of Herpesviridae that is characterized by 100 to 150nm in size with a linear double-stranded DNA molecule with of approximately 90 × 10 exp (6)Da. This disease affects most of domestic animals such as swine, cattle, dog, sheep, cat, chicken, etc. causing high mortality and economic losses. In swine, young piglets show high mortality and pregnant sows, reproductive failures. However the adult swine reveals no clinical signs in general. But they become a carrier state and play an importnat role for propagation of the disease. In this study, the nucleotide sequence of major casid protein gene of PRV, Yangsan strain isolated from the diseased swine in Korea was analyzed, and the recombinant MCP was produced by expression of the MCP gene in Sf-9 cell using baculovirus transfer vector system. As result, in BamHI digestion, MCP gene locus of PRV YS strain showed different from that of Indiana S strain. The patterns of enzyme mapping were also found to be unidentical each other. The sequence of the MCP gene partially analyzed showed 98.09% identity to Indiana S strain. The expression of MCP in Sf-9 cell cotransfected by pVLMCP-44 baculovirus expression vector was characterized by Southern blot hybridization, immunofluoresent and immunocytochemical tests, SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. The rMCP with M.W. 142kDa was most effectively expressed in Sf-9 cells at the 3-4th days post inoculation of the recombinant baculovirus by 2 moi.

구리 지역에서 조사한 고혈압의 인지도, 치료률 및 관리률

홍철호,김순길,홍택원,이제,신진호,이재웅,김경수,김정현,임헌길,이방헌 대한간질학회 2003 대한간질학회지 Vol.9 No.1

Retinoic Acid가 흰쥐 태자 혀조직의 분화와 Laminin 합성에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구

김혜주,정호삼,서윤경,백두진,김원규,윤지희,이방헌 대한췌담도연구회 2000 대한췌담도연구회지 Vol.5 No.4

Baculovirus Vector System에 의해 발현된 재조합 Pseudorabies Virus Major Capsid Protein의 면역원성

전무형,안동준,장경수,조용성,박종현,송재영,현방훈,안수환 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 1997 생물공학연구지 Vol.5 No.-

The recombinant pseudorabies virus major capsid protein (rMCP) was produced by expression of the MCP gene in Sf-9 cell using baculovirus transfer vector system. Following evaluation of the immunochemical properties of the rMCP, the immunogenicity of the recombinant subunit protiens were investigated in guinea pig and swine to obtain the preliminary guide line for the subunit vaccine using rMCP and gP50. It was proved that ultrasonication and 30% ammonium sulfate was most efficient to concentrate and purify the protein. The rMCP was safe in mice, guinea pigs and piglets. In guinea pigs, rMCP mixed with various adjuvants induced substantial degree of serum neutralizing antibody titers, but revealed incomplete protecivity against challenge. In swine, the combination of rMCP and gP50 showed the higher serum neutralizing antibody titers and cellular immune responses than rMCP alone. However, the protectivity was lower in comparison with the commercial gI-deleted inactivated vaccine. We expect these results to contribute to characterization of MCP gene of Korean isolate of PRV and to ultilize as preliminary information for prodution and evaluation of PRV recombinant subunit vaccines.

Evaluation of Commercial Immunochromatographic Test Kits for the Detection of Canine Distemper Virus

Bang-Hun Hyun,Hyang-Sim Lee,Subin Oh,Miryeon Ji,Jienny Lee,Ha-Hyun Kim,Dong-Kun Yang 대한바이러스학회 2020 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.50 No.2