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Dibyendu Debnath,B. B. Khatua 한국고분자학회 2011 Macromolecular Research Vol.19 No.6
The effect of nanoclay on the thermal stability of polystyrene (PS)-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)core-shell nanocomposites morphology prepared by in situ suspension polymerization technique was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the formation of a PSPMMA core-shell structure, both in the absence and presence of the clay. Wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD)indicated the formation of a highly intercalated expanded clay morphology in the core-shell composite particles irrespective of the location of the clay in the nanocomposites. Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated an improvement in the thermal stability of the core-shell nanocomposites compared to that of the neat PS-PMMA coreshell one. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that the core-shell nanocomposite particles containing the clay had a higher glass transition (T_g) temperature than the neat PS-PMMA core-shell composites particles. On the other hand, the improvement in the thermal stability of the PS-PMMA core-shell composites was found to depend strongly on the location and loading of the clay in the core-shell nanocomposites. FTIR indicated a probable interaction between the carbonyl (>C=O) group of PMMA and hydroxyl (-OH) group of the clay.
Sunanda Sain,B. B. Khatua 한국고분자학회 2011 Macromolecular Research Vol.19 No.1
Synthesis of highly exfoliated polystyrene/Na^+-montmorillonite (PS/Na^+-MMT) nanocomposites using Na^+-MMT clay platelets as stabilizer during suspension polymerization of styrene monomer is discussed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the presence of a small amount of Na+-MMT during the suspension polymerization of styrene without any suspension stabilizer (PVA) resulted in the formation of spherical PS/Na^+-MMT nanocomposites beads with a wide distribution of sizes. The wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) study revealed near delamination/high degree of swelling of Na^+-MMT clay platelets in water. The exfoliated clay platelets in water media prior to the polymerization of styrene monomer played the role of a stabilizer by preventing the agglomeration of the monomer droplets. Moreover, polymerization of the styrene monomer with organoclay (o-MMT) in the absence of a PVA stabilizer formed clusters of PS/o-MMT nanocomposites. WAXD and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed a high level of delamination with minor intercalation of silicate layers in the PS/Na^+-MMT nanocomposites, whereas intercalated nanocomposites were produced from the styrene/o-MMT polymerization system. The thermal stability of PS was also increased significantly in the PS/Na+-MMT nanocomposite, compared to that of the PS/o-MMT nanocomposites.