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Chitinase of Bacillus licheniformis from oyster shell as a probe to detect chitin in marine shells
Islam, Shah Md. Asraful,Cho, Kye Man,Hong, Sun Joo,Math, Renukaradhya K.,Kim, Jong Min,Yun, Myoung Geun,Cho, Ji Joong,Heo, Jae Young,Lee, Young Han,Kim, Hoon,Yun, Han Dae Springer-Verlag 2010 Applied microbiology and biotechnology Vol.86 No.1
Composted Oyster Shell as Lime Fertilizer Was More Effective than Fresh One on Yield of Soybean
Shah Md. Asraful Islam,Young Han Lee,Sun Joo Hong,Kye Man Cho,Renukaradhya K Math,Jae Young Heo,Myoung Geun Yun,Jong Min Kim,Ji Joong Cho,Hoon Kim,Han Dae Yun 한국응용생명화학회 2008 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.51 No.5
Cloning and Characterization of a Novel Carboxylesterase Gene from Cow Rumen Metagenomic Library
Shah Md. Asraful Islam(아스라풀 이스람),Min Keun Kim(김민근),Renukaradhya K. Math(아라디아),Srinivasa Reddy R.N.(스리니 래디),Eun Jin Kim(김은진),Jungho Kim(김정호),Hoon Kim(김훈),Han Dae Yun(윤한대) 한국생명과학회 2010 생명과학회지 Vol.20 No.9
한우의 반추위에서 게놈 DNA를 분리하여 메타게놈 은행을 구축한 다음 carboxylesterase를 암호화하는 유전자를 클로닝 및 유전자를 선별하였다. 선별된 유전자의 DNA 염기서열 및 아미노산 서열을 분석하고 유전산물의 생화학적인 특성을 조사하였다. est1R 유전자는 2,465 bp로 366개의 아미노산 잔기를 가진 단백질을 암호화하였으며 이 단백질의 이론적인 분자량은 61,166 Da이었다. Est1R단백질은 PNB carboxylesterase (P37967), acetylcholinesterase(1EEAA) 및 chain A (1H23A)와 각각 5.9%, 6.1%, 6.1% 상동성을 가지고 있었다. 이러한 검색 결과 기존의 알려진 lipase 및esterase와의 상동성이 낮은 것으로 보아 새로운 그룹의 효소로 추정된다. Est1R효소의 최적 pH는 7.0 근방이었으며 최적 온도는 40℃ 부근이었다. 한편 10% 유기용매를 함유한 기질의 효소활성측정에서 대조구에 비해 methanol은 95%의 상대적인 활성을 가진 반면에 hexane 용액에서는 그 활성이 반으로 감소하였다. 따라서 유기용매 농도의 작용성에 따라 이 효소의 산업적 이용성도 가능하리라 추정된다. The gene encoding esterase enzyme was cloned from a metagenomic library of cow rumen bacteria. The esterase gene (est1R) was 2,465 bp in length, encoding a protein of 366 amino acid residues, and the molecular weight of the enzyme was 61,166 Da. Est1R of rumen cosmid library shared 5.9% amino acid identity with Est1R (P37967) of PNB carboxylesterase, 6.1% with Est1R (1EEAA) of acetylcholinesterase and 6.1% with Est1R (1H23A) of chain A. BlastP in NCBI database analysis of Est1R revealed that it was not homologous to previous known lipases and esterases. Est1R showed optimum activity at pH 7.0 and 40℃. On the other hand, the enzyme was found to be most active without organic solvent, followed by 95% activity with methanol, and the enzyme activity was highly affected by hexane (lost 51% activity). Therefore, the novel esterase gene est1R is likely obtainable from cow rumen metagenome and may be utilized for industrial purposes.
( Mondal,Shakhinur Islam ),( Abdullah Zubaer ),( Simrika Thapa ),( Chinmoy Saha ),( Md. Asraful Alum ),( Md. Salman Reza ),( Arzuba Akter ),( Abul Kalam Azad ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2010 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.20 No.11
The novel swine-origin influenza A/H1N1 virus (S-OIV) first detected in April 2009 has been identified to transmit from humans to humans directly and is the cause of the currently emerged pandemic. In this study, nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) of the S-OIV and other influenza A viruses were analyzed through bioinformatic tools for phylogenetic analysis, genetic recombination, and point mutation to investigate the emergence and adaptation of the S-OIV in humans. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the HA comes from triple reassortant influenza A/ H1N2 and the NA from Eurasian swine influenza A/H1N1, indicating that HA and NA descend from different lineages during the genesis of the S-OIV. Recombination analysis nullified the possibility of occurrence of recombination in HA and NA, denoting the role of reassortment in the outbreak. Several conservative mutations were observed in the amino acid sequences of the HA and NA, and these mutated residues were identical in the S-OIV. The results reported herein suggest the notion that the recent pandemic is the result of reassortment of different genes from different lineages of two envelope proteins, HA and NA, which are responsible for the antigenic activity of the virus. This study further suggests that the adaptive capability of the S-OIV in humans is acquired by the unique mutations generated during emergence.
Use of Bottom Ash of Waste Coal as an Effective Microbial Carrier
KIM, Min Keun,ISLAM, Shah Md. Asraful,YUN, Myoung Geun,KIM, Jong Min,CHO, Ji Joong,KANG, Tae Ho,YUN, Han Dae Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and A 2011 Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry Vol.75 No.11
<P>An experiment was done to determine the efficacy of waste bottom ash as an effective microbial carrier. Bottom ash found to be a suitable microbial carrier. The average of viable cells of <I>Paenibacillus polymyxa</I> GS01 (as a test biocontrol agent) in bottom ash samples was about 10<SUP>8</SUP> cfu/10±2 mg. The surface of bottom ash coated with 5% PVA w/v was most effective for improvement of cell viability. TSB medium containing 50 mg/L of MnSO<SUB>4</SUB>·H<SUB>2</SUB>O was the best for spore production of <I>P. polymyxa</I> GS01. Thus waste bottom ash coating with 5% PVA is likely to be suitable for use as a microbial carrier.</P>
Composted Oyster Shell as Lime Fertilizer Is More Effective Than Fresh Oyster Shell
LEE, Young Han,ISLAM, Shah Md. Asraful,HONG, Sun Joo,CHO, Kye Man,MATH, Renukaradhya K.,HEO, Jae Young,KIM, Hoon,YUN, Han Dae Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and A 2010 Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry Vol.74 No.8
<P>Physio-chemical changes in oyster shell were examined, and fresh and composted oyster shell meals were compared as lime fertilizers in soybean cultivation. Structural changes in oyster shell were observed by AFM and FE-SEM. We found that grains of the oyster shell surface became smoother and smaller over time. FT-IR analysis indicated the degradation of a chitin-like compound of oyster shell. In chemical analysis, pH (12.3±0.24), electrical conductivity (4.1±0.24 dS m<SUP>−1</SUP>), and alkaline powder (53.3±1.12%) were highest in commercial lime. Besides, pH was higher in composted oyster shell meal (9.9±0.53) than in fresh oyster shell meal (8.4±0.32). The highest organic matter (1.1±0.08%), NaCl (0.54±0.03%), and moisture (15.1±1.95%) contents were found in fresh oyster shell meal. A significant higher yield of soybean (1.33 t ha<SUP>−1</SUP>) was obtained by applying composted oyster shell meal (a 21% higher yield than with fresh oyster shell meal). Thus composting of oyster shell increases the utility of oyster shell as a liming material for crop cultivation.</P>
Expression of esterase gene in yeast for organophosphates biodegradation
Kambiranda, Devaiah M.,Asraful-Islam, Shah Md.,Cho, Kye Man,Math, Renukaradhya K.,Lee, Young Han,Kim, Hoon,Yun, Han Dae Elsevier 2009 Pesticide biochemistry and physiology Vol.94 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Organophosphates are esters of phosphoric acid and can be hydrolyzed and detoxified by carboxylesterase and phosphotriesterase. In this work esterase enzyme (Est5S) was expressed in yeast to demonstrate the organophosphorus hydrolytic activity from a metagenomic library of cow rumen bacteria. The esterase gene (<I>est</I>5S) is 1098bp in length, encoding a protein of 366 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 40kDa. Est5S enzyme was successfully produced by <I>Pichia pastoris</I> at a high expression level of approximately 4.0g L<SUP>−1</SUP>. With <I>p</I>-nitrophenol butyrate as the substrate, the optimal temperature and pH for enzyme activity were determined to be 40°C and pH 7.0, respectively. The esterase enzyme was tested for degradation of chlorpyrifos (CP). TLC results obtained inferred that CP could be degraded by esterase enzyme (Est5S) and HPLC results revealed that CP could be efficiently degraded up to 100ppm. Cadusafos (CS), coumaphos (CM), diazinon (DZ) dyfonate (DF), ethoprophos (EP), fenamiphos (FM), methylparathion (MPT), and parathion (PT) were also degraded up to 68, 60, 80, 40, 45, 60, 95, and 100%, respectively, when used as a substrate with Est5S protein. The results highlight the potential use of this enzyme in the cleanup of contaminated insecticides.</P>
Cho, Kye-Man,Lee, Sun-Mi,Math, Renukaradhya K.,Islam, Shah Md. Asraful,Kambiranda, Devaiah M.,Kim, Jong-Min,Yun, Myoung-Geun,Cho, Ji-Joong,Kim, Jong-Ok,Lee, Young-Han,Kim, Hoon,Yun, Han-Dae The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnol 2008 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.18 No.12
Bacterial diversity and the composition of individual communities during the composting process of swine and mushroom cultural wastes in a field-scale composter (Hazaka system) were examined using a PCR-based approach. The composting process was divided into six stages based on recorded temperature changes. Phylogenetic analysis of eighty 16S rRNA sequences from uncultured composting bacterial groups revealed the presence of representatives from three divisions, including plant pathogenic bacteria, high-molecule-degrading bacteria and spore-forming bacteria. The plant pathogen A. tumefaciens gradually decreased in abundance during the composting process and eventually disappeared during the thermophilic and cooling stage. A bacterium homologous to Bacillus humi first appeared at the early thermophilic stage and was established at the intermediate thermophilic, post-thermophilic, and cooling stages. It was not possible to isolate the B. humi during any of the stages using general culture techniques.