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      • Gleason's Grading of Prostatic Adenocarcinoma: Inter-Observer Variation Among Seven Pathologists at a Tertiary Care Center in Oman

        Qureshi, Asim,Lakhtakia, Ritu,Bahri, Maiya AL,Haddabi, Ibrahim Al,Saparamadu, Anna,Shalaby, Asem,Riyami, Marwa Al,Rizvi, Gauhar Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.11

        Prostatic adenocarcinoma is the commonest solid malignancy seen in Omani elderly males 60-80 years of age. The Gleason grade is the most widely used grading system for prostatic carcinoma and is recommended by the World Health Organization. A peer review was carried out at the Pathology Department of Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH), Oman, to assess the quality of reporting at the center. The aim of this study was to determine inter-observer variation among 7 pathologists working at a tertiary care center in Oman. A total of 47 consecutive prostatic biopsies were interdependently reviewed by seven pathologists and the results obtained were compared with each other and the original diagnosis. This peer review indicated a fair inter-observer agreement (0.482) among 7 pathologists in the department, with fair to moderate agreement when the results were compared to the reported diagnosis, comparable to the published literature. Dual and sub-specialty reporting are being instituted to improve the performance in this vital aspect of pathology.

      • Metastatic Bone Disease as Seen in Our Clinical Practice - Experience at a Tertiary Care Cancer Center in Pakistan

        Qureshi, Asim,Shams, Usman,Akhter, Azra,Riaz, Sabiha Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.9

        Aim: Metastatic tumor of bone is the most common malignancy involving bone and is an important predictor of prognosis in advanced cancers. The prognosis depends upon the primary site of origin and the extent of disease. In current study, we present the pattern and distribution of metastatic bone disease seen in the leading cancer care center of Pakistan, Shaukat Khanum Cancer Hospital & Research Center (SKMCH & RC), Lahore. Materials & Methods: All cases of bony metastatic disease were included that presented in the Pathology Department, from Jan 2005 to July 2011. Patients of all ages and both sexes were included. Primary bone tumors, lymphomas, sarcomas and other malignancies were excluded. The data were recorded and analyzed with SPSS 16.0. Results: A total of 146 cases of metastatic bone disease were included in the study. Out of the total cases, 79 were male and 67 were female. Age range 25-82 years (median 52). Hip bone was the most frequent bone involved, with femur and vertebrae as second and third in the list. The commonest bone involved in males was vertebrae with 23 cases and in females was hip bone with 22 cases. Regarding primary site, cancers of breast, prostate and gastrointestinal tract were at the top of the list with prostate and breast being the most frequent primary sites of metastasis in males and females respectively. Conclusion: Bone metastasis is an important entity to consider in the differential diagnosis whenever a bony tumor especially carcinoma present in older age. Our data are comparable with international findings and the literature available regarding the site and distribution of skeletal metastatic lesions. A slight deviation noted was more common bony metastatic lesions with ovarian primaries in females and gastrointestinal tract cancers in males in our study.

      • Inverse Kinematics Control of Redundant Planar Manipulator with Joint Constraints Using Numerical Method

        Raabid Hussain,Asim Qureshi,Rasheeq A. Mughal,Raafay Ijaz,Nasir Rashid,Mohsin I. Tiwana,Javaid Iqbal 제어로봇시스템학회 2015 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.10

        In this paper, an efficient numerical scheme is associated with the scheming of the inverse kinematics for a four degrees of freedom redundant planar robotic manipulator. The manipulator under study is an RRPR redundant manipulator with joint angle constraints at each joint. Firstly, using the forward kinematics transformation matrix, a plot of the reachable workspace was obtained. This plot was used to determine equations for the possible end-effector positions. Then the analytic approach was used to determine equations for the inverse kinematic scheme. The inverse kinematics scheme initially sets the first joint angle as a constant at the current position in order to determine the inverse solution. However, if the solution calculated is not within the joint constraints then it uses numerical techniques to determine the least displacement new first joint parameter to determine the next possible solution. This results in a faster and more accurate convergence to the desired solution as compared to the traditional approaches.

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