Reproductive Performance of Crossbred and Indigenous (Desi) Dairy Cows under Rural Context at Sirajgonj District of Bangladesh

Paul, Ashit Kumar,Al-Maruf, Abdullah,Jha, Pankaj Kumar,Alam, M. Golam Shahi The Korean Society of Embryo Transfer 2013 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.28 No.4

This study was conducted among 120 different breed cows at selected areas of Sirajgonj district from March to July 2010 to compare the reproductive performance of crossbred and Desi cows at farmer's level. The results showed that the average daily milk yield of Desi, Shahiwal ${\times}$ Desi, Friesian ${\times}$ Desi and Jersey ${\times}$ Desi cows was $2.3{\pm}0.2$, $4.9{\pm}0.9$, $6.0{\pm}1.0$ and $5.7{\pm}0.9$ liters, respectively. The milk yield of crossbred cows ($5.5{\pm}0.6$ liters/day) was significantly (p<0.01) higher than Desi cows ($2.3{\pm}0.2$ liters/day). The average age at puberty of Shahiwal ${\times}$ Desi, Friesian ${\times}$ Desi and Jersey ${\times}$ Desi was significantly (p<0.01) lower than that of Desi breed. The crossbred cows had significantly (p<0.01) lower pubertal age ($20.4{\pm}1.2$) than Desi ($25.9{\pm}1.1$). The age at first calving in Desi cows was significantly (p<0.01) higher ($37.6{\pm}1.1$ months) than crossbred cows ($31.2{\pm}1.3$ months). The average gestation length of Desi, Shahiwal ${\times}$ Desi, Friesian ${\times}$ Desi and Jersey ${\times}$ Desi was $289.9{\pm}1.4$, $285.0{\pm}0.0$, $285.0{\pm}4.2$ and $282.1{\pm}2.4$ days, respectively. It is suggested that the overall reproductive performance of Friesian ${\times}$ Desi, Jersey ${\times}$ Desi and Shahiwal ${\times}$ Desi cows were better than that of Desi cow.

Reproductive Performance of Crossbred and Indigenous (Desi) Dairy Cows under Rural Context at Sirajgonj District of Bangladesh

Ashit Kumar Paul,Abdullah-Al-Maruf,Pankaj Kumar Jha,M. Golam Shahi Alam 韓國受精卵移植學會 2013 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.28 No.4

This study was conducted among 120 different breed cows at selected areas of Sirajgonj district from March to July 2010 to compare the reproductive performance of crossbred and Desi cows at farmer’s level. The results showed that the average daily milk yield of Desi, Shahiwal x Desi, Friesian x Desi and Jersey x Desi cows was 2.3 ± 0.2, 4.9 ± 0.9, 6.0 ± 1.0 and 5.7 ± 0.9 liters, respectively. The milk yield of crossbred cows (5.5 ± 0.6 liters/day) was significantly (p<0.01) higher than Desi cows (2.3 ± 0.2 liters/day). The average age at puberty of Shahiwal x Desi, Friesian x Desi and Jersey x Desi was significantly (p<0.01) lower than that of Desi breed. The crossbred cows had significantly (p<0.01) lower pubertal age (20.4 ± 1.2) than Desi (25.9 ± 1.1). The age at first calving in Desi cows was significantly (p<0.01) higher (37.6 ± 1.1 months) than crossbred cows (31.2 ± 1.3 months). The average gestation length of Desi, Shahiwal x Desi, Friesian x Desi and Jersey x Desi was 289.9 ± 1.4, 285.0 ± 0.0, 285.0 ± 4.2 and 282.1 ± 2.4 days, respectively. It is suggested that the overall reproductive performance of Friesian x Desi, Jersey x Desi and Shahiwal x Desi cows were better than that of Desi cow.

Comparison of Reproductive Parameters of Sow at the Rural Areas of Rangamati District of Bangladesh

Chakma, Sumen,Roy, Pantu Kumar,Paul, Ashit Kumar,Alam, M. Golam Shahi,Juyena, Nasrin Sultana 한국수정란이식학회 2014 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.29 No.3

It is imperative to know the reproductive parameters of the existing swine breed for profitable farming in Bangladesh. This study was designed to determine the reproductive parameters of sows at hilly areas. A total of 245 pigs with 47 breedable sows were included. The data on age at puberty, oestrous cycle length, oestrus duration, gestation length, interval between furrowing and onset of oestrus, first service pregnancy rate, service per pregnancy and number of piglets born per sow in local and cross bred sows were determined. The present study revealed that age at puberty of local and cross breed sows was 232.5±8.4, 221.3±6.9 days, respectively. Oestrous duration was 41.1±3.1 hours. The interval between furrowing and onset of oestrus was shorter in cross bred sows. There was no variation in values of oestrus cycle length and gestation length. The first service pregnancy rate was higher in both the local and cross bred sow. Number of piglets per sow per farrowing was 6.1±2.2 and 60.9% local sows gave birth of 3 to 5 piglets per farrowing whereas 75.0% cross bred sows gave birth of 6 to 9 piglets. These results suggest that reproductive parameters of local sow need to be improved for better production, and cross bred sows should be reared for obtaining expected productivity.

Oestrus Synchronization with Ovuprost® and Prostenol® in the Indigenous Ewes of Bangladesh

Pantu Kumar Roy,Begum Fatema Zohara,Ashit Kumar Paul,MMU Bhuiyan,Farida Yeasmin Bari 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2014 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.29 No.2

The present study was designed to observe the oestrus responses in the indigenous ewe induced by cloprostenolsodium manufactured by two different companies (Ovuprost®, BOMAC, Newzealandand Prostenol®, Techno, Bangladesh). Twelve local ewes were divided into 3 groups (n= 8). The ewes in Group I and II were induced by intramuscular injectionof 100 μg (0.4 ml) of cloprostenol sodium (Ovuprost® and Prostenol®), respectively. The 2nd injection in each groupwas given at 9 days apart. The ewes in Group III were kept as control for observing natural oestrus characteristics andcomparing the responses with induced oestrus. Hundred and 75% ewes showed oestrus following 2nd injection ofOvuprost® and Prostenol®, respectively. The average time of onset of oestrus following 1st and 2nd injection of Ovuprost®and Prostenol® were 50.5 ± 3.5 vs 48.0 ± 0.0 h and 49.9 ± 1.9 vs 49.5 ± 1.7 h, respectively. There was no significantdifference between the two types of cloprostenol sodium group on the onset of oestrus. The average duration of oestruswas 27.5 ± 0.7 vs 27.5 ± 0.0 h and 25.9 ± 3.3 vs 24.2 ± 0.3 h in Ovuprost® and Prostenol® treated ewes, respectively. For natural oestrus, the duration of oestrus was 25.2 ± 3.3 h. There was no significant difference among the cloprostenolsodium produced by two different companies and natural oestrous ewes on the duration of oestrus. The higher percentagesof cornified cells were present in induced oestrus (90 and 85%) compared with natural oestrus (80%), although therewas no significant difference among them. The pregnancy rates were 75, 66.7 and 100% in Ovuprost®, Prostenol® andnatural oestrous ewes, respectively. The above results indicate the suitability of using cloprostenol sodium for synchronizationof oestrus in indigenous ewes in Bangladesh.

Epidemiological Investigation and Antibiotic Sensitivity of Salmonellosis in Goats at the Selected Areas of Bangladesh

Gobindha Kumar Saha,Ashit Kumar Paul,Abdussamad,M. Ariful Islam,M. Shahidur Rahman Khan 사단법인 한국동물생명공학회 2013 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.28 No.4

Salmonellosis is one of the life-threating diseases of goat in Bangladesh. Therefore, the present study wasdesigned to study the prevalence of Salmonellosis, and isolation and characterizations of the Salmonella spp. fromapparently healthy and diarrheic goat. A total of 47 faces samples were collected from selected place and culturedonto different prescribed medium to isolate it. In this study, 12.76% (6/47) samples were found to be positive forSalmonella spp. During culture on SS agar medium, all of the Salmonella isolates produced round, smooth, opaque,translucent and black color colonies on SS agar media. All of the isolated Salmonella spp. fermented dextrose,maltose and mannitol with production of acid and gas but did not ferment sucrose and lactose. However, theseisolates had showed Indole and Voges-Proskauer test negative, Methyl-Red test positive. All of these isolates weresubjected to rapid plate agglutination test with polyvalent “O” (Poly ‘O’) and polyvalent “H” (poly ‘H’) antiserawhere positive agglutination were observed. They were highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin, spiramycin and gentamycin;moderately sensitive to oxytetracyline, streptomycin and amoxicillin; less sensitive to sulphamethoxazole and resistantto penicillin-G. Based on the present findings, it may be concluded that the investigated Salmonella spp. from goatsmight be S. typhimurium, S. enteritidis, S. brandenburg, S. salford, S. newbrunswick, S. newport or S. dublin. Furtherstudy will be needed, therefore it requires further characterization using other serological and molecular techniques.

Improvement of Preservation Quality of Chilled Bull Semen using α-Tocopherol as an Antioxidant

Pankaj Kumar Jha,Ashit Kumar Paul,M. Bozlur Rahman,M. Tanjim,Farida Yeasmin Bari,M. Golam shahi Alam 韓國受精卵移植學會 2013 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.28 No.1

Alpha-tocopherol as an antioxidant acts in preservation of chilled semen by preserving cell membrane damage from lipid peroxidation. Optimum concentrations of α-tocopherol in egg yolk-citrate (EYC) extender need to be studied in crossbred bull’s semen. Different concentrations of α-tocopherol viz. 0, 1, 2, 4 and 6mg per ml of extender were used. Semen was collected once a week from four bulls used to regular collection, aged 4 to 7 years, weighing 320 to 450 kg, and with body condition score 4 to 4.5 and scrotal circumference 23 to 32 cm. Semen was evaluated routinely and sperm morphology was viewed under light microscope at x1,000 magnification after fixing with buffered formal saline. Over 90% had normal head, acrosome, mid-piece and tail. Semen was diluted with egg-yolk-citrate extender to produce 15x106 spermatozoa/ml and 0, 1, 2, 4 and 6 mg/ml α-tocopherol were added. The semens amples were kept at 8℃. Sperm motility and viability were examined daily up to 5 days under light microscopy at x200 magnification. Sperm viability was acceptable (≥40%) up to the 4th day with all concentrations of α-tocopherol and up to the 5th day with 2 mg/ml α-tocopherol. Sperm motility was acceptable (≥40%) up to the 3rd day irrespective of α-tocopherol concentration, and up to the 4th day with 2 mg/ml α-tocopherol. It is suggested that the lifespan of chilled semen may be extended up to 4 days by adding 2mg/ml α-tocopherol.

Epidemiological Investigation and Antibiotic Sensitivity of Salmonellosis Epidemiological Investigation and Antibiotic Sensitivity of Salmonellosis

Gobindha Kumar Saha,Ashit Kumar Paul,Abdussamad,M. Ariful Islam,M. Shahidur Rahman Khan 韓國受精卵移植學會 2013 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.28 No.4

Salmonellosis is one of the life-threating diseases of goat in Bangladesh. Therefore, the present study was designed to study the prevalence of Salmonellosis, and isolation and characterizations of the Salmonella spp. from apparently healthy and diarrheic goat. A total of 47 faces samples were collected from selected place and cultured onto different prescribed medium to isolate it. In this study, 12.76% (6/47) samples were found to be positive for Salmonella spp. During culture on SS agar medium, all of the Salmonella isolates produced round, smooth, opaque, translucent and black color colonies on SS agar media. All of the isolated Salmonella spp. fermented dextrose, maltose and mannitol with production of acid and gas but did not ferment sucrose and lactose. However, these isolates had showed Indole and Voges-Proskauer test negative, Methyl-Red test positive. All of these isolates were subjected to rapid plate agglutination test with polyvalent “O” (Poly ‘O’) and polyvalent “H” (poly ‘H’) antisera where positive agglutination were observed. They were highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin, spiramycin and gentamycin; moderately sensitive to oxytetracyline, streptomycin and amoxicillin; less sensitive to sulphamethoxazole and resistant to penicillin-G. Based on the present findings, it may be concluded that the investigated Salmonella spp. from goats might be S. typhimurium, S. enteritidis, S. brandenburg, S. salford, S. newbrunswick, S. newport or S. dublin. Further study will be needed, therefore it requires further characterization using other serological and molecular techniques.

Improvement of Preservation Quality of Chilled Bull Semen Using ${\alpha}$-tocopherol as an Antioxidant

Jha, Pankaj Kumar,Paul, Ashit Kumar,Rahman, M. Bozlur,Tanjim, M.,Bari, Farida Yeasmin,Alam, M. Golam Shahi The Korean Society of Embryo Transfer 2013 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.28 No.1

Alpha-tocopherol as an antioxidant acts in preservation of chilled semen by preserving cell membrane damage from lipid peroxidation. Optimum concentrations of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol in egg yolk-citrate (EYC) extender need to be studied in crossbred bull's semen. Different concentrations of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol viz. 0, 1, 2, 4 and 6mg per ml of extender were used. Semen was collected once a week from four bulls used to regular collection, aged 4 to 7 years, weighing 320 to 450 kg, and with body condition score 4 to 4.5 and scrotal circumference 23 to 32 cm. Semen was evaluated routinely and sperm morphology was viewed under light microscope at ${\times}1,000$ magnification after fixing with buffered formal saline. Over 90% had normal head, acrosome, mid-piece and tail. Semen was diluted with egg-yolk-citrate extender to produce $15{\times}10^6$ spermatozoa/ml and 0, 1, 2, 4 and 6 mg/ml ${\alpha}$-tocopherol were added. The semens amples were kept at $8^{\circ}C$. Sperm motility and viability were examined daily up to 5 days under light microscopy at ${\times}200$ magnification. Sperm viability was acceptable (${\geq}40%$) up to the $4^{th}$ day with all concentrations of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol and up to the $5^{th}$ day with 2 mg/ml ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. Sperm motility was acceptable (${\geq}40%$) up to the $3^{rd}$ day irrespective of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol concentration, and up to the $4^{th}$ day with 2 mg/ml ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. It is suggested that the lifespan of chilled semen may be extended up to 4 days by adding 2mg/ml ${\alpha}$-tocopherol.

Use of Two Estrus Synchronization Protocols and Their Success on Pregnancy in Zebu and Crossbred Heifers at Char Areas of Bangladesh

Ghosh, Tapas,Paul, Ashit Kumar,Talukder, Anup Kumar,Alam, M. Golam Shahi,Bari, Farida Yeasmin 韓國受精卵移植學會 2012 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.27 No.4

This study was designed to adopt two estrus synchronization protocols in zebu and crossbred heifers and their effects on pregnancy rate after timed artificial insemination (TAI). A number of 120 cyclic heifers were allotted for two different treatment groups and one control group. Heifers under protocol A were injected with GnRH at first day followed by a single dose of at Day 11 and injection of GnRH at the day of AI; and heifers belonged to protocol B were treated with GnRH, two injections at 11 days apart and injection of GnRH at AI. AI was done at fixed time (within 72~96 hours after injection) in both protocols and pregnancy was confirmed by rectal palpation on 80~120 days of post AI. In control group; local heifers were conceived higher (30%) proportion than that of crossbred heifers (25%; p<0.05). In protocol A, the local breed were conceived higher (38.9%) proportion compared with crossbred (25%; p<0.05). In protocol B, local breed heifers were conceived higher (38.9%) proportion compared with crossbred heifers (33.3%; p<0.05). The overall pregnancy rate in protocol A and protocol B was 33.3% and 36.6%, respectively. The proportion of pregnancy rate of local heifers (38.9%; Protocol A) was significant (p<0.05) in comparison with local heifers (30%) in control group (p<0.05). The overall pregnancy rate between pooled control group (28.3%) and treatment group (35%) was significantly (p<0.05) differ from each other's. Results of present study concluded that estrus synchronization followed by fixed time AI could be applied for higher pregnancy rate in zebu and crossbred heifers.

Oestrus Synchronization with $Ovuprost^{(R)}$ and $Prostenol^{(R)}$ in the Indigenous Ewes of Bangladesh

Roy, Pantu Kumar,Zohara, Begum Fatema,Azizunnesa, Azizunnesa,Paul, Ashit Kumar,Bhuiyan, M.M.U.,Bari, Farida Yeasmin The Korean Society of Embryo Transfer 2014 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.29 No.2

The present study was designed to observe the oestrus responses in the indigenous ewe induced by cloprostenol sodium manufactured by two different companies ($Ovuprost^{(R)}$, BOMAC, Newzealandand $Prostenol^{(R)}$, Techno, Bangladesh). Twelve local ewes were divided into 3 groups (n= 8). The ewes in Group I and II were induced by intramuscular injection of $100{\mu}g$ (0.4 ml) of cloprostenol sodium ($Ovuprost^{(R)}$ and $Prostenol^{(R)}$), respectively. The $2^{nd}$ injection in each group was given at 9 days apart. The ewes in Group III were kept as control for observing natural oestrus characteristics and comparing the responses with induced oestrus. Hundred and 75% ewes showed oestrus following $2^{nd}$ injection of $Ovuprost^{(R)}$ and $Prostenol^{(R)}$, respectively. The average time of onset of oestrus following $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ injection of $Ovuprost^{(R)}$ and $Prostenol^{(R)}$ were $50.5{\pm}3.5$ vs $48.0{\pm}0.0h$ and $49.9{\pm}1.9$ vs $49.5{\pm}1.7h$, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two types of cloprostenol sodium group on the onset of oestrus. The average duration of oestrus was $27.5{\pm}0.7$ vs $27.5{\pm}0.0h$ and $25.9{\pm}3.3$ vs $24.2{\pm}0.3h$ in $Ovuprost^{(R)}$ and $Prostenol^{(R)}$ treated ewes, respectively. For natural oestrus, the duration of oestrus was $25.2{\pm}3.3h$. There was no significant difference among the cloprostenol sodium produced by two different companies and natural oestrous ewes on the duration of oestrus. The higher percentages of cornified cells were present in induced oestrus (90 and 85%) compared with natural oestrus (80%), although there was no significant difference among them. The pregnancy rates were 75, 66.7 and 100% in $Ovuprost^{(R)}$, $Prostenol^{(R)}$ and natural oestrous ewes, respectively. The above results indicate the suitability of using cloprostenol sodium for synchronization of oestrus in indigenous ewes in Bangladesh.