http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Murat Tuncer,Gokhan Faydaci,Gokhan Altin,Banu Atalay Erdogan,Sermin Kibar,Arif Sanli,Dilek Bilgici 대한비뇨의학회 2014 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.55 No.3
Bladder cancer is the most prevalent malignancy of the urinary tract. About 90% of bladder cancers are urothelial carcinomas. Seventy percent of cases newly diagnosed are superficial diseases; roughly 30% of newly diagnosed cases are muscle-invasive metastatic diseases. Bladder urothelial carcinoma primarily metastasizes into regional lymph nodes and then into liver, lung, mediastinum, bone, and adrenal gland. In our case, non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer metastasized into the bone, mediastinum, iliac lymph node, and adrenal and thyroid glands. This is the first reported case in the current literature in which urothelial carcinoma metastasized into the thyroid gland.
Effectiveness of Online Education in Teaching Breast Self-Examination
Tuna, Arzu,Avdal, Elif Unsal,Yucel, Sebnem Cinar,Dal, Nursel Alp,Dicle, Aklime,Ozkan, Arife,Sezgin, Handan,Gumus, Aysun Babacan,Turgay, Ayse San,Degirmenci, Mustafa Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.7
Background: This research evaluated the effectiveness of an online education model in teaching breast self-examination to university staff and students. Materials and Methods: 1,679 women participated in a breast self-examination online training program. Breast self-examination knowledge evaluation forms developed by Maurer (1997) were used in the research and were evaluated on a 100 point scale. Paired t-test and McNemar's Test statistics were employed. Results: The participants scored an average of 46.5 (14.0%) on knowledge on breast self-examination before training, but 77.4 (11.0%) one month after education and 76.7 (9.52%) after six months. There was a clear significant difference between these knowledge levels (p<0.05). Similarly, while the rate for systematic practice of breast self-examination among women was 30.8% before training it increased to 47.8% afterwards. Again the difference was significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: Online education is an effective method for teaching breast self-examination to women.