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Aromatic Formation from Vinyl Radical and Acetylene. A Mechanistic Study
Debby Natalia,Antonius Indartoa* 대한화학회 2008 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.29 No.2
The viability of acetylene addition in each step of aromatic formation initiated by vinyl radical and acetylene also with its competition with structure rearrangement is investigated by determining optimal geometries and barrier and reaction energies using quantum mechanical methods. In principle, the addition reaction has more difficult in term of free energy and enthalpy compared to geometry arrangement. Under combustion conditions, i.e. T = 1200 K, acetylene addition is unfavorable mechanism as the barrier energy values rise much higher than that of geometry arrangement. However, in longer chain hydrocarbon case, e.g. n-CxHx+1 where x ³ 8, C-C bond rotation is rather difficult and requires high energy to form a ring structure, elongation chain is preferable.
Treatment of CCl 4 and CHCl 3 emission in a gliding-arc plasma
Indarto, Antonius,Choi, Jae-wook,Lee, Hwaung,Song, Hyung Taylor Francis 2006 Plasma devices and operations Vol.14 No.1
<P>The decomposition of the chlorinated hydrocarbons CCl 4 and CHCl 3 in a gliding-arc plasma was examined. The effects of initial concentrations, total gas flow rates and power consumption were investigated. The conversion of the hydrocarbons mentioned above was relatively high. It could reach 80% for CCl 4 and 97% for CHCl 3 . In atmospheric air as a carrier gas, the reaction was exothermic, and the main products were CO 2 , CO and Cl 2 . The transformation into CCl 4 was also detected for the decomposition reaction of CHCl 3 . The conversion of these compounds increased with increasing frequency of power supplied and decreasing total gas flow rate.</P>
CCL4 DECOMPOSITION BY GLIDING ARC PLASMA: ROLE OF C2 COMPOUNDS ON PRODUCTS DISTRIBUTION
Indarto, Antonius,Yang, Dae Ryook,Choi, Jae-Wook,Lee, Hwaung,Song, Hyung Keun Taylor Francis 2007 Chemical engineering communications Vol.194 No.8
<P> The goal of this work is to investigate the role of existing C2 compounds in the plasma reactions of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) decomposition. The experiment of CCl4 decomposition was carried out by gliding arc plasma. The decomposition products were dominated by CO, CO2, and Cl2. The conversion of CCl4 into Cl2 and (CO + CO2) reaches ∼ 50% and ∼ 40%, respectively. Other chlorinated compounds were suspected to be produced, such as COCl, COCl2, and C2 compounds. In order to prove the existence of those compounds, for example, chlorinated C2 compounds, a kinetic simulation was performed and cross-checked with the experimental results to clarify the reactions mechanism.</P>
Treatment of Dichloromethane Using Gliding Arc Plasma
Indarto, Antonius,Choi, Jae-Wook,Lee, Hwaung,Keun Song, Hyung Taylor and Francis 2006 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREEN ENERGY Vol.3 No.3
<P>Decomposition of dichloromethane (CH<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>2</SUB>) using a gliding plasma was examined and reported in this paper. The effects of initial concentrations of CH<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>2</SUB>, total gas flow rates, and input frequency have been studied to evaluate the performance of gliding arc on CH<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>2</SUB> decomposition. Using atmospheric pressure air as the carrier gas, experimental results indicate that the maximum conversion of CH<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>2</SUB> was 95.1% at a total gas flow rate of 180 L/hr containing 1% by volume of CH<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>2</SUB>. The reaction occurred at an exothermic condition and gaseous products are dominated by CO, CHCl<SUB>3</SUB>, and Cl<SUB>2</SUB>. CO<SUB>2</SUB> and CCl<SUB>4</SUB> are also detected in the product stream in small amounts. The conversion of CH<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>2</SUB> increases with the increasing applied voltage and decreasing total gas flow rate.</P>