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Anamika Sharma,Vikrant Nain,Rameshwar Tiwari,Surender Singh,Anurup Adak,Pawan Kumar Singh Nain,Lata Nain 한국화학공학회 2017 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.34 No.3
The present investigation was aimed towards pretreatment optimization of corncob to maximize cellulose and hemicellulose recovery, followed by substrate selection for holocellulase production using psychrotolerant Aspergillus niger SH3. Dilute alkali pretreatment (1.5% NaOH) resulted in higher recovery of cellulose (59.66%) and hemicellulose (28.34%) from corncob, while corn stover proved to be the best substrate for holocellulase production. Further, saccharification was optimized by Box-Behnken design to select the suitable conditions for maximum sugar release from pretreated corncob. The optimum conditions for maximum sugar release were 8% (w/v) substrate loading, 11 FPU/gds enzyme loading at temperature 38 oC and pH 3.0 which resulted in 114.5% higher sugar yield (912mg/gds of pretreated biomass) as compared with un-optimized conditions (425.35mg/gds). Theoretical yield of 48.8% ethanol was achieved through simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) using pretreated corncob. This study illustrates the potential of different corn residues as a promising substrate for bioethanol production.
Antihypertensive effect of allicin in dexamethasone-induced hypertension in rats
Harikesh Dubey,Anamika Singh,Angad M. Patole,Chandrashekhar R. Tenpe 한국한의학연구원 2017 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.6 No.1
Background: Glucocorticoid is among the most commonly prescribed medicine. Unfortunately, Excess glucocorticoid level leads hypertension in 80–90% patients. Garlic (Allium sativum) has been used since ancient times and even nowadays as a part of popular medicine for various ailments and physiological disorders. Hence this study was undertaken to investigate the antihypertensive activity of allicin in dexamethasone induced hypertension in wistar rats. Methods: The animals were randomly divided into four groups comprising of six rats per group. Hypertension was induced by subcutaneous injection of dexamethasone (10 μg/rat/day) in hypertensive rats. Two hypertensive group animals were treated with nicorandil (6 mg/kg/day, po) and allicin (8 mg/kg/day, po) respectively for 8 weeks. While systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured by the tail-cuff method weekly up to 8 weeks. Results: Dexamethasone treatment resulted in significant increase in SBP while allicin treatment significantly decreases the SBP. Thus, this study confirmed that allicin treatment for 8 weeks partially reverse dexamethasone induced hypertension in rats. Allicin treatment also attenuated dexamethasone-induced anorexia and loss of total body weight. Conclusion: This result suggests antihypertensive effects of allicin in dexamethasone induced hypertension. However, further studies are needed to explore the detailed mechanism of antihypertensive effect of allicin.