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Teo, Evelyn Ai-Lin,Lin, Guangming Sustainable Building Research Center 2010 International journal of sustainable building tech Vol.1 No.2
Carbon dioxide emitted from the building industry contributes significantly to anthropogenic greenhouse gases emissions. No consensus on the magnitude of building-related $CO_2$ emissions, however, was reached in the literature. This research aims to develop a Carbon Database Management System for evaluating carbon emissions of buildings in Singapore. This study presents a comprehensive literature survey pertinent to building-related carbon emissions. The findings show that different $CO_2$ estimation approaches, variance in the definition of system boundaries, and variance in the use of functional units are instrumental in explaining the disagreement of $CO_2$ estimation results. A conceptual framework for predicting the environmental performance (carbon index) and the economic performance (carbon tender price index) for new construction is then presented. The proposed framework may inspire the local government and environmental agencies to update Singapore's construction codes and environmental policies, with the aim to encourage the application of low-carbon practices and technologies to the building sector in Singapore. It would also offer an implication for other countries that encounter similar challenges.
Development of a rule-based system to enhance the data consistency and usability of COBie datasheets
Vishal Kumar,Ai Lin Evelyn Teo 한국CDE학회 2021 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.8 No.1
Building information modeling (BIM) for facilities management (FM) has been gaining considerable attention. Construction operations building information exchange (COBie) datasheets are conceptualized as an electronic format of data for FM handover extracted from the BIM model and supplemented with information from other sources. To build an efficient COBie datasheet, it is advocated to build and verify data at all stages of design and construction, commonly known as data drops. Nevertheless, data consistency verification is a difficult task pertaining to COBie’s complex structure and data representation. This study aims to understand the challenges associated with the COBie datasheet verification and consistency checking process, especially during data drop stages, and develop a solution to mitigate these challenges. The study uses a combined methodology of design thinking and waterfall model from the software development process. The outcome of the research study manifests in a prototype application. The prototype application can help in verifying COBie datasheet consistency during data drop stages. Additionally, this study proposes a new dimension to utilize the COBie datasheet to track various asset-related changes in a project by comparing COBie datasheets and visualizing this data in a visually interactive manner using a property graph model.