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        Control of Basal Stem Rot Disease in Oil Palm by Supplementation of Calcium, Copper, and Salicylic Acid

        Bivi, M. Shahul Hamid Rahamah,Paiko, Adamu Saidu,Khairulmazmi, Ahmad,Akhtar, M.S.,Idris, Abu Seman The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2016 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.32 No.5

        Continuous supplementation of mineral nutrients and salicylic acid (SA) as foliar application could improve efficacy in controlling basal stem rot (BSR) disease in oil palm seedling. It is revealed from the results that the highest disease severity index (58.3%) was recorded in T8 treatments at 9 months after inoculation. The best disease control was achieved by T7 treatments (calcium/copper/SA [Ca/Cu/SA]) (5.0%) followed by T1 (5.5%), T5 (5.8%), T3 (8.3%), T6 (8.3%), T4 (13.3%), and T2 (15.8%) treatments. Continuous supplementation of Ca/Cu/SA was found to be the most effective in controlling the disease and the high performance liquid chromatography results showed the detection of ergosterol at very low concentration in the treated samples. Moreover, the transmission electron microscopy analysis results clearly indicated that T7 treatment was also enhancing lignification, which was responsible for the thickness of the secondary cell walls and middle lamella compared to untreated samples. It was therefore, concluded that continuous supplementation of minerals nutrients and SA could effectively suppress disease severity by reducing ergosterol activity and also improve the process of lignification in the treated plants. Furthermore, this treatment also managed to delay the onset of BSR symptoms and promote the growth of the seedlings and eventually suppress the BSR disease.

      • KCI등재

        Control of Basal Stem Rot Disease in Oil Palm by Supplementation of Calcium, Copper, and Salicylic Acid

        M. Shahul Hamid Rahamah Bivi,Adamu Saidu Paiko,Ahmad Khairulmazmi,M. S. Akhtar,Abu Seman Idris 한국식물병리학회 2016 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.32 No.5

        Continuous supplementation of mineral nutrients andsalicylic acid (SA) as foliar application could improveefficacy in controlling basal stem rot (BSR) disease inoil palm seedling. It is revealed from the results thatthe highest disease severity index (58.3%) was recordedin T8 treatments at 9 months after inoculation. The best disease control was achieved by T7 treatments(calcium/copper/SA [Ca/Cu/SA]) (5.0%) followedby T1 (5.5%), T5 (5.8%), T3 (8.3%), T6 (8.3%),T4 (13.3%), and T2 (15.8%) treatments. Continuoussupplementation of Ca/Cu/SA was found to be themost effective in controlling the disease and the highperformance liquid chromatography results showedthe detection of ergosterol at very low concentration inthe treated samples. Moreover, the transmission electronmicroscopy analysis results clearly indicated thatT7 treatment was also enhancing lignification, whichwas responsible for the thickness of the secondarycell walls and middle lamella compared to untreatedsamples. It was therefore, concluded that continuoussupplementation of minerals nutrients and SA couldeffectively suppress disease severity by reducing ergosterolactivity and also improve the process of lignificationin the treated plants. Furthermore, this treatmentalso managed to delay the onset of BSR symptoms andpromote the growth of the seedlings and eventuallysuppress the BSR disease.

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