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- 저자 : ARMANDO J. GARCIA PIRES (검색결과 2 건)
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ARMANDO J. GARCIA PIRES 중앙대학교 경제연구소 2015 Journal of Economic Development Vol.40 No.1
When skilled workers migrate, they face the brain waste risk, i.e., they can end up employed as unskilled. We analyze the effects of brain waste on brain drain, resulting from low international transferability of skills. We show that this type of brain waste: (1) reduces education incentives; (2) weakens the chances for a positive self-selection; and (3) decreases the possibility of a brain gain. In addition, the effectiveness of education policies that subsidize students is reduced under the presence of brain waste. Results are robust to introducing different migration costs for the skilled and the unskilled.
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Multinationals, R&D and Endogenous Productivity Asymmetries
ARMANDO J. GARCIA PIRES 한국국제경제학회 2015 International Economic Journal Vol.29 No.1
We analyze the influence of endogenous productivity asymmetries between firms, in terms of competitiveness and size, on multinational activity. In the model, productivity depends on cost-reducing R&D (research and development). We show that when firms differ on commitment power in R&D, the R&D leader, independently of being a multinational or a domestic firm, tends to invest more in R&D than the R&D follower. Because of these productivity advantages, the R&D leader can more easily become multinational. Therefore, in addition to the proximity-concentration trade-off, we identify another FDI (foreign direct investment) determinant: technological competition.
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