Effects of excess Bi₂O₃ on grain orientation and electrical properties of CaBi₄Ti₄O₁₅ ceramics

Cho, S.Y.,Choi, G.P.,Jeon, D.H.,Johnson, T.A.,Lee, M.K.,Lee, G.J.,Bu, S.D. Elsevier 2015 CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS Vol.15 No.11

A CaBi<SUB>4</SUB>Ti<SUB>4</SUB>O<SUB>15</SUB> (CBTO) ceramic in which the Bi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> concentration was controlled from 0 to 10 wt% was fabricated using a solid-state reaction method. Structural analysis by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated differences in the preferred grain orientation and size of the plate-like grains according to the Bi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> concentration. The orientation of plate-like grains was also found to vary with the Bi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> concentration. There was no noticeable change trend of dielectric properties with different Bi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> concentrations. Relatively low dielectric constants (about 135) were exhibited by the CBTO ceramic with 1 wt% Bi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> and CBTO ceramic with 10 wt% Bi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> only, and similar values (about 150) were exhibited by the other ceramics. The dielectric loss exhibited a low value in the range of 0.01-0.09 for all samples (frequency range of 1-100 kHz). Regarding the ratio changes of the piezoelectric coefficient (d<SUB>33</SUB>) and the ratio of a-axis orientation of plate-like grains, the trends of these two values were shown to be similar. These results suggest that the addition of Bi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> greatly influences the microstructure of CBTO ceramics, including the grain size and orientation of plate-like grains. In particular, the change in the preferred grain orientation is closely related to the change in the piezoelectric properties.

ABO blood group and rhesus factor association with inpatient COVID-19 mortality and severity: a two-year retrospective review

Alexander T. Phan,Ari A. Ucar,Aldin Malkoc,Janie Hu,Luke Buxton,Alan W. Tseng,Fanglong Dong,Julie P.T. Nguyễn,Arnav P. Modi,Ojas Deshpande,Johnson Lay,Andrew Ku,Dotun Ogunyemi,Sarkis Arabian 대한혈액학회 2023 Blood Research Vol.58 No.3

Background Early reports have indicated a relationship between ABO and rhesus blood group types and infection with SARS-CoV-2. We aim to examine blood group type associations with COVID-19 mortality and disease severity. Methods This is a retrospective chart review of patients ages 18 years or older admitted to the hospital with COVID-19 between January 2020 and December 2021. The primary outcome was COVID-19 mortality with respect to ABO blood group type. The secondary outcomes were 1. Severity of COVID-19 with respect to ABO blood group type, and 2. Rhesus factor association with COVID-19 mortality and disease severity. Disease severity was defined by degree of supplemental oxygen requirements (ambient air, low-flow, high-flow, non-invasive mechanical ventilation, and invasive mechanical ventilation). Results The blood type was collected on 596 patients with more than half (54%, N=322) being O+. The ABO blood type alone was not statistically associated with mortality (P=0.405), while the RH blood type was statistically associated with mortality (P <0.001). There was statistically significant association between combined ABO and RH blood type and mortality (P =0.014). Out of the mortality group, the O+ group had the highest mortality (52.3%), followed by A+ (22.8%). The combined ABO and RH blood type was statistically significantly associated with degree of supplemental oxygen requirements (P =0.005). The Kaplan-Meier curve demonstrated that Rh- patients had increased mortality. Conclusion ABO blood type is not associated with COVID-19 severity and mortality. Rhesus factor status is associated with COVID-19 severity and mortality. Rhesus negative patients were associated with increased mortality risk.

Real-Time Power Electronics Remote Wiring and Measurement Laboratory (PermLAB) Using 3-D Matrix Switching Algorithms

Johnson A. Asumadu,Ralph Tanner,Hakeem Ogunleye 전력전자학회 2010 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.10 No.6

This paper presents a new architecture, called ”Power Electronics Remote Wiring and Measurement Laboratory (PermLAB)”, that translates a common gateway interface (CGI) string from a remote web user to a web server connected to a 3-dimension switching matrix board, can be used to switch on and off, and to control a cluster of instruments and components. PermLAB addresses real-time connection, switching, and data acquisition over the Internet instead of using simulated data. A software procedure uses a signature system to identify each instrument and component in a complex system. The Web-server application is developed in HTML, JavaScript and Java, and in C language for the CGI interface, which resides in a controller portion of LabVIEW. The LabVIEW software fully integrates the Web sever, LabVIEW data acquisition boards and controllers, and the 3-dimensional switching matrix board. The paper will analyze a half-wave rectifier (AC ? DC converter) circuit connected over the Internet using the PermLAB. PermLAB allows students to obtain real data by real-time wiring of real circuits in the laboratory using a “virtual breadboard” on the Web. The software for the Web-based 3-dimensional system is flexible, portable, can be integrated into many laboratory applications or expanded, and easily accessible worldwide.

Taekwondo’s A Priori and A Posteriori Knowledge: Redefining a Pedagogy

( John A. Johnson ) 국제태권도학회 2017 International Symposium for Taekwondo Studies Vol.2017 No.-

Proponents have long-asserted Taekwondo praxis develops practitioners physically, mentally, and spiritually. Taekwondo moreover has three stages of learning: musul (martial technique), muyae (martial artistry), and mudo (martial way). On the other hand, Immanuel Kant bifurcated knowledge into a priori and a posteriori knowledge. A priori is knowledge learned through reason or other means which do not require the use of the five senses, while a posteriori knowledge is acquired empirically. The purpose of this paper is therefore to elucidate Taekwondo knowledge as either a priori or a posteriori. As such, we classified the musul and muyae stages as a posteriori knowledge and the mudo level as a priori knowledge. Consequently, a priori and a posteriori knowledge are both existent uniquely within Taekwondo. We concluded a Kantian approach to Taekwondo pedagogy can provide a guided course of study for all Taekwondo programs, since the different levels can correspond with different learning objectives (e.g., self-defense, sport, and exercise programs). Although several reasons for adopting this pedagogical model exist, the two most critical for Taekwondo’s continued growth and development are as follows. This pedagogical model withstands academic scrutiny better than previous theories, because it avoids the problems incurred by the ontological-based Taekwondo philosophies and pedagogies. More practically, this model is easily incorporated into all Taekwondo programs regardless of their educational objectives.

Real-Time Power Electronics Remote Wiring and Measurement Laboratory (PermLAB) Using 3-D Matrix Switching Algorithms

Asumadu, Johnson A.,Tanner, Ralph,Ogunley, Hakeem The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2010 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.10 No.6

This paper presents a new architecture, called "Power Electronics Remote Wiring and Measurement Laboratory (PermLAB)", that translates a common gateway interface (CGI) string from a remote web user to a web server connected to a 3-dimension switching matrix board, can be used to switch on and off, and to control a cluster of instruments and components. PermLAB addresses real-time connection, switching, and data acquisition over the Internet instead of using simulated data. A software procedure uses a signature system to identify each instrument and component in a complex system. The Web-server application is developed in HTML, JavaScript and Java, and in C language for the CGI interface, which resides in a controller portion of LabVIEW. The LabVIEW software fully integrates the Web sever, LabVIEW data acquisition boards and controllers, and the 3-dimensional switching matrix board. The paper will analyze a half-wave rectifier (AC - DC converter) circuit connected over the Internet using the PermLAB. PermLAB allows students to obtain real data by real-time wiring of real circuits in the laboratory using a "virtual breadboard" on the Web. The software for the Web-based 3-dimensional system is flexible, portable, can be integrated into many laboratory applications or expanded, and easily accessible worldwide.

Lattice of soft topologies

K. A. Ajan,T. P. Johnson 원광대학교 기초자연과학연구소 2020 ANNALS OF FUZZY MATHEMATICS AND INFORMATICS Vol.19 No.2

In a machine learning environment involving inferential knowledge derived from the association between causes and effects, soft set theory can be employed effectively. In the present paper we study about the set of all soft points on a given universal set and a set of parameters. The relation between this set and the set of all soft sets on a given universal set was investigated. Given a universal set and a set of parameters, it is established that there is a bijection between the family of all topologies on the set of all soft points and the family of all soft topologies. It is also proved that the family of all soft topologies is a complete lattice and the bijection mentioned above is a lattice isomorphism.

Unbiased and non-supervised learning methods for disruption prediction at JET

Murari, A.,Vega, J.,Rattá,, G.A.,Vagliasindi, G.,Johnson, M.F.,Hong, S.H. International Atomic Energy Agency 2009 Nuclear fusion Vol.49 No.5

<P>The importance of predicting the occurrence of disruptions is going to increase significantly in the next generation of tokamak devices. The expected energy content of ITER plasmas, for example, is such that disruptions could have a significant detrimental impact on various parts of the device, ranging from erosion of plasma facing components to structural damage. Early detection of disruptions is therefore needed with evermore increasing urgency. In this paper, the results of a series of methods to predict disruptions at JET are reported. The main objective of the investigation consists of trying to determine how early before a disruption it is possible to perform acceptable predictions on the basis of the raw data, keeping to a minimum the number of ‘ad hoc’ hypotheses. Therefore, the chosen learning techniques have the common characteristic of requiring a minimum number of assumptions. Classification and Regression Trees (CART) is a supervised but, on the other hand, a completely unbiased and nonlinear method, since it simply constructs the best classification tree by working directly on the input data. A series of unsupervised techniques, mainly K-means and hierarchical, have also been tested, to investigate to what extent they can autonomously distinguish between disruptive and non-disruptive groups of discharges. All these independent methods indicate that, in general, prediction with a success rate above 80% can be achieved not earlier than 180 ms before the disruption. The agreement between various completely independent methods increases the confidence in the results, which are also confirmed by a visual inspection of the data performed with pseudo Grand Tour algorithms.</P>

Halomonas, a Newly Recognized Human Pathogen Causing Infections and Contamination in a Dialysis Center: Three New Species

Stevens, David A.,Hamilton, John R.,Johnson, Nancy,Kim, Kwang Kyu,Lee, Jung-Sook Lippincott WilliamsWilkins, Inc. 2009 Medicine Vol.88 No.4

ABSTRACT: Our Renal Care Center (RCC) is a separate building, performing almost 2500 outpatient dialysis runs per month. In May 2007, 2 patients developed, days apart, bacteremia with an apparently identical nonfermentative Gram-negative rod. Because of difficulty identifying the organism, testing in the Biolog system identified them as a Halomonas species. Sequencing of ∼1500 bases of the 16S rRNA gene in both organisms in 3 reference laboratories confirmed, searching against 3 databases, that the organisms were identical and were Halomonas species. There were 54 recognized species of this genus, associated with marine or saline sites. Initial attempts at environmental isolation as primary cultures, including a 4% salt agar plate, or initial incubation in 6.5% salt broth enrichment culture with subculture to agar, to exploit the halophilicity of Halomonas, were successful in demonstrating the colonies seen in the blood cultures, only from sites not contaminated with other organisms, because of competing growth. A more selective method was developed for use on samples suspected to be heavily contaminated with other organisms, using the strategy of increased salt concentration in a broth enrichment culture to further exploit Halomonas halotolerance, and thereby inhibit other organisms. A 16.5% salt concentration in brain-heart infusion broth, incubated at 35°C for 48-72 hours, then subcultured to agar plates incubated in room air at 35°C, proved optimal for selection and secondary isolation. With a combination of these techniques, 14/15 cultures of dialysates and 10/38 from the outflow pathways of the machines were Halomonas positive, compared to 0/31 cultures from the inflow side of the machines (including water supplies and storing, mixing, and preparation tanks). The exception was sites associated with or downstream of bicarbonate influx, 12/54 of which were positive. Two other local hospitals' dialysis centers, and our own inpatient dialysis facility, were cultured at sites that yielded Halomonas from our RCC, and Halomonas was not isolated. Further study by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and DNA-DNA hybridization revealed the cultures represented 3 novel species: 1 (H. stevensii sp. nov.) in the patients and environment and 2 (H. hamiltonii sp. nov., H. johnsoniae sp. nov.) in the environment, most closely related to H. magadiensis. Of 35 speciated isolates, 22 were H. stevensii, 10 H. johnsoniae, and 3 H. hamiltonii. We hypothesize that the RCC became contaminated with these halophilic organisms from bicarbonate used to prepare dialysis fluid, and they persist despite cleaning and flushing procedures because of biofilm in machines and bicarbonate fluid inflow sites. Our experience, together with the review of the literature presented here, indicates the genus Halomonas has pathogenic potential.

A New Origin and Function of Poomsae in Taekwondo Training

( Peter Ha ),( Jin-wook Han ),( John A. Johnson ) 국제태권도학회 2016 Journal of the International Association for Taekw Vol.3 No.1

The objective of this paper is to establish a new paradigm for the understanding of poomsae in Taekwondo training. Until now poomsae have been considered as a system of connected offensive and defensive drills for teaching the fundamentals of combat. Hence, they are understood as a means and preparatory stages for attaining fighting skills, and consequently, they are treated as a secondary activity to kyorugi (sparring). Contrary to this understanding of poomsae, we want to argue that poomsae training has its own end, independent from kyorugi training. To demonstrate this point, we will focus on the relation between poomsae and the Chinese gymnastic exercises known as daoyin-sul or daoyin exercises (i.e., Daoist exercises of guiding and pulling), which are performed in conjunction with breathing techniques and the stretching of the body to accumulate qi (vital energy) in order to provide a foundation for the potential to realize the pure self.

GIVING-A-HAND - Human-centered design of a small, counter-top, robotic kitchen assistant for elderly and disabled persons

M,J,Johnson,G,A,Di Lauro,M,C,Carrozza,E,Gugllelmelli,P,Dario 한국과학기술원 인간친화 복지 로봇 시스템 연구센터 2003 International Journal of Assistive Robotics and Me Vol.4 No.1

To reduce the potential healthcare costs arising from a rapidly aging industrial world population, the problem of sustaining independent living for the elderly and persons with low to high levels of disabilities must be addressed. Using the kitchen as a microcosmic design space for the residential environment, the proposed design solution is the development of the GIVING-A-HAND system, a low cost, modular system of aids that relies on domotic, telematic, and robotic technologies to provide more affordable and universally accessible solutions to elderly and disabled persons. This paper presents the system concept and the results of interviews with elderly and people with medium to high level functional disabilities, which prioritized and refined requirements for the robotic component of the system: a small, counter-top mobile robot, “Addams Hand” that users can remotely control to interact with typical kitchen appliances.