기후변화와 키메라현상에 대한 계층 간의 관계인식

백정애(Jungae Baik),김인경(In Kyoung Kim),김진영(Jin Yung Kim),노용환(Yong Hwan Noh),배선영(Sunyoung Bae),우명원(Myoung Won Woo),장혁기(Hyukki Chang),조성돈(Sung Don Cho),장매희(Maehee Chiang) 인간식물환경학회 2011 인간식물환경학회지 Vol.14 No.3

This study was investigated to research the basis of interdisciplinary fusion through the survey on the basis of the answers of professionals and general public, gender, humanities, science and engineering about the question of climate change and chimera which is one of the various phenomena that affect the human life. All respondents’ perceptions of climate change was high and natural disasters was showed the most destruction according to climate change. The answer of awareness of climate change and the damage, chimerism was significant differences between age groups sex, specialized domain-specific individuals. In addition, a group of respondents for science and engineering professionals was higher for awareness of climate change and the chimerism and heir negative opinion for chimerism was relatively low in comparison of other research groups.

알파인 스키선수들의 시합 기간 중 스트레스 인지정도와 면역-스트레스 반응 연구

최혜정(Hye Jung Choi),장혁기(Hyuk Ki Chang),신윤아(Yun A Shin) 한국사회체육학회 2011 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.46

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of saliva immunity and physical/psychological stress factor on the competition during 3-days in alpine ski junior racers. We analysed the possible relationship between salivary immunoglobulin A(S-IgA) concentrations, and physiological/ psychological stress responses. 16 top-ranking racers (male: n=10, female: n=6) are participated.. They are also belong to the Korea Ski Association. The alpine ski competition was made up of 3-days. 1st day was SG(super giant), 2nd day was GS(giant slalom), and 3rd day was SL(slalom). S-IgA concentrations, cortisol level, and heart rate(HR) are checked at before racing. As a result, All of alpine ski racer were significantly higher than rest stage even though 3-days competition period. In addition, the changes of S-IgA concentration were associated with the changes of HR. Physical anxiety were negatively associated with HR. Self-confidence was a positively associated with HR. These results were demonstrated that Alpine ski junior racer were showed adaptive stress respond by during on competition situation. The changes of stress respond were which resting, before start racing, during the competition period was not showed affect the concentration of S-IgA.

고음량의 음악을 동반한 에어로빅 댄스가 인지기능에 미치는 영향

장혁기(Chang, Hyuk-Ki),김경애(Kim, Kyung-Ae),정유진(Jung, Yu-Jin),가藤守匡(Kato, Morimasa) 한국체육과학회 2013 한국체육과학회지 Vol.22 No.2

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of cognitive function on a combined aerobic dance and high intensity music. The 28 subjects (female college students) were recruited and were divided into 4 groups; the Control Group (CG, n=7), Music Group (MG, n=7), Aerobic dance Group (AG, n=7) and Music and Aerobic dance Group (MnAG, n=7). AG and MnAG participated in aerobic dance exercise for 10 minutes. MG and MnAG listened to high intensity music (100Db) and CG and AG received no music intervention. For the delivery of music intervention, a headset was used. All subjects were measured on Stroop score, which is known as Neutral and Incongruent test as a cognitive function before and after 10 min-treatment. Data were analyzed by using two-way repeated ANOVA and one-way ANOVA. The results were as follows: An interaction effect between groups on Neutral and Incongruent test were observed (p<.0l, p<.05, respectively). The change ratios of pre-post Stroop score were significantly decreased both in Neutral and Incongruent test in only MnAG compared with CG (p<.05, 0.05, respectively). Therefore, the results showed that performing aerobic dance with high intensity music appeared to cause temporary decrease in cognitive function.

학생 건강증진을 위한 학교 정책 : 일본의 초·중 고교 체육 정책을 중심으로

장혁기(Chang, Hyukki),김범수(Kim, Bum-Soo) 성신여자대학교 교육문제연구소 2012 교육연구 Vol.53 No.-

본 연구는 건강증진을 위한 올바른 학교 정책을 펼치기 위하여 일본의 과거와 현황을 분석함으로서 우리나라의 체육 정책에 참고하고자 한다. 일본의 학교체육은 전 국민의 건강증진을 위하여 국가의 정책으로 만들어지게 되었다. 일본은 전 세계의 최장수 국가로서 고령자들의 비율이 높기 때문에 전 국민의 건강 대책에서 체력에 중점적으로 관심을 갖게 되었다 초·중학생 시절 학교에서 실시한 운동은 고등학교와 성인으로 이어지면서 지속적인 운동 습관을 갖도록 하여 주고 이는 평생동안 운동과 스포츠 활동을 즐김으로서 개인의 건강증진에 이바지 할 수 있기 때문에 국민의 건강을 위한 대책으로 학교체육의 올바른 실시와 정책적 지원은 아주 중요한 교육정책 중 하나라고 할 수 있다. 이를 위하여 일본 정부는 정책적으로 각 학교가 방과 후 운동부 활동을 활성화시킬 수 있도록 지원하여 학생들이 운동에 대한 관심을 갖도록 유도하였다. 그 방법 중 학생들이 아마추어 선수로서 교내뿐 아니라 교외에 열리는 대회에 참가하도록 장려하여 타지역의 학생들과 교류를 할 수 있도록 장을 열어주고 일생동안 건강증진을 위한 스포츠 활동에 참여할 수 있는 기회를 확대하여 주었다. 또한, 학교 체육 수업단위를 보장하는 체육수업 기준과 개정을 통하여 모든 학생들이 체육활동을 자연스럽게 접하게 하고 국민적 건강증진을 기대할 수 있는 정책을 세워 진행하고 있다. 우리나라 역시 일본처럼 고령화되어가는 사회에 발맞추어 국민건강을 위한 학교체육정책이 법적으로 보장받아야 할 것이다. This study is to consider Korea's school policies for health promotion by analyzing the status of Japan's past. Physical education of school in Japan came to be created for improve the health by policy. Because of the longest serving senior citizens in Japan, it became interested in fitness as a nation in public health. The exercise in elementary and middle school continues with the ongoing exercise and it can have a Lifelong habit of exercise and enjoyment of sports activities as an individual can contribute to health promotion. Therefore, the correct implementation of the school physical education and policy support is one of the most important education policy. The Japanese government induced after-school sports activities by helping to enable the students to have an interest in exercise. On-campus students as well as amateur players in the suburbs are encouraged to participate in tournaments. And then, exchanges with students from other regions opens up to allow for the promotion of health and life-long opportunity to participate in sports activities give expanded. In addition, the physical education classes of school to ensure that the unit of physical education classes for all students through standards and revised physical activity and public health promotion can expect a established policies progress.

학급 집단 음악줄넘기 프로그램이 비만 아동의 신체구성, 체력, 혈중지질에 미치는 영향

장혁기(Chang, Hyukki),김성기(Kim, Sung Ki),서동일(Seo, Dong Il) 한국보건간호학회 2011 韓國保健看護學會誌 Vol.25 No.1

Purpose: The study investigated the effects of 9 weeks of group music rope-jumping training on health-related physical fitness and blood lipid in obese elementary school boys and girls. Method: Subjects were randomly assigned to either a training group (37 boys and 18 girls) or control group (36 boys and 19 girls). The training group exercised for 1 hour, 2 days per week during the 9-week supervised music rope-jumping training program. The control group was asked to maintain their normal daily physical activities. The effects of the interventions on physical fitness and blood lipids were analyzed by two-way repeated measures ANOVA (group × time). Results: There were significant group x time interaction effects on body weight (p<.023), %body fat (p=.09), body mass index (p=.018), and body fat mass (p=.019) in school girls. However, there was not an interaction effect on serum lipids in both genders. Conclusion: The 9-week music rope-jumping training program used was effective for improving body composition in obese elementary school girls.

중강도 운동훈련이 고지방식이 유도 비만쥐의 비장세포 염증성 사이토카인 발현에 미치는 영향

Hyuk-ki Chang(장혁기),Hee-geun Park(박희근),Jun-hyun Jeong(정준현),Wang-lok Lee(이왕록) 한국생명과학회 2011 생명과학회지 Vol.21 No.8

본 연구는 고지방식이로 유도된 비만쥐를 대상으로 저지방식이와 중강도 운동이 비장세포의 전염증성 사이토카인 발현에 미치는 영향을 보고자 하였다. 4 주령의 C57BL/6 마우스를 대상으로 고지방식이(45% fat)를 5 주간 처치하여 비만을 유도한 후, 저지방식이(10% fat)로 전환한 후 통제군(운동미실시, n=10)과 운동군(중강도운동실시, n=10)으로 나누어 8 주간 트레드밀을 이용하여 중강도 운동을 주 5회, 1 일 30-60분 실시하였다. 운동종료 후 비장세포를 분리하여 Concanavalin A (10 ㎍/㎖)로 24시간 자극 후 전염증성 사이토카인인 IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α를 Bio-Plex를 활용하여 측정하였다. 자료분석은 독립 t 검증을 실시 하였으며, 유의수준은 p<0.05 수준으로 하였다. 비장세포에서 발현된 전염증성 사이토카인인 IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α는 저지방식이를 단독처치한 통제군에 비하여 중강도 운동을 병행실시한 운동군에서 유의하게 감소한 결과(p<0.01)를 나타내어 고지방식이로 유도된 비만쥐에서 저지방식이의 단독처치보다 중강도 운동의 병행 처치가 전염증 사이토카인 감소에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 사료된다. The present research was conducted to investigate the effect of moderate exercise training on splenocyte inflammatory cytokines production in high fat diet-induced obese mice. To determine the effects of exercise training and low fat diet on splenocyte, C57BL/6 male mice (4 weeks aged, n=20) were fed a high fat diet (45% fat diet) for 5 weeks so that obesity was achieved intentionally. These obese mice were then divided into 2 groups; HLC (low fat diet and control n=10), and HLE (low fat diet and exercise n=10). HLE mice performed 8 weeks of exercise training on a motorized treadmill by running for 30-60 min/day at 10-22 m/min, 0% grade, five times per week. After exercise training, all the splenocyte was collected and Con A (concanvalin A, 10㎍/㎖) was used to stimulate the cells, after which IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α were measured by bio plex. Independent t-test was used and p value under 0.05 was considered a statistical significance. Splenocyte IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α production of HLE stimulated by Con A was significantly lower than that of HLC (p<0.01). These findings suggest that moderate exercise has beneficial effects on splenocyte inflammatory cytokines in high fat diet induced obese mice.

저항성 운동이 AHSG와 IGFBP1 mRNA 발현에 미치는 영향

오승렬(Oh, Seungl-Yu),장혁기(Chang, Hyuk-Ki) 한국체육과학회 2012 한국체육과학회지 Vol.21 No.3

The aim of this study was to determine if resistance exercise changed alpha 2-Heremans Schmidt glycoprotein (AHSG) and Insulin-like growth factor binding protein1 (IGFBP1) mRNA expression in skeletal muscle of rat. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into sedentary (control group; CON, n=24) and exercise-trained groups (resistance exercise group; REG, n=16). CON and REG subsequently were separated into aging control group (A-CON), 4 weeks group (4 wks CON, 4 wks REG) and 8 weeks group (8 wks CON, 8 wks REG). The rats in the resistance exercise group were trained to climb a 1-m vertical (85 degree incline) ladder with weights secured to their tail, and they climbed the ladder 10 times 3 days per week for 8 weeks progressively. After resistance training, skeletal muscle was taken from the flexor halucis longus. After separating the total RNA, qPCR was used to analyze RNA quantitatively. After 4 weeks of resistance exercise, AHSG mRNA expression increased significantly in REG compared to CON (p<01). In contrast, there was a significant decrease of AHSG mRNA expression in 8 wks REG compared to 8 wks CON (p<.05). IGFBP1 mRNA expression increased significantly in 4 wks REG compared to 4 wks CON (p<.001). However, there was no significant difference in IGFBP1 mRNA expression in 8 wks groups. Interestingly, there were significant differences in AHSG and IGFBP1 mRNA between 4 wks REG and 8 wks REG (p<.01). In conclusion, the resistance training induced changes of AHSG and IGFBP1 mRNA expression in skeletal muscle of rat. This shows that the resistance training give effect on AHSG and IGFBP1 mRNA expression in skeletal muscle of rat.

체력수준에 따른 수면박탈이 운동수행 능력에 미치는 영향

소위영(So, Wi-Young),장혁기(Chang, Hyuk-ki),서동일(Seo, Dong-Il),유병욱(Yoo, Byoung-Wook) 한국체육과학회 2013 한국체육과학회지 Vol.22 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of sleep deprivation on physical performance according to physical fitness level. Thirty-eight military officers were included in this study. Results of the Army Physical Fitness Test were used to classify the participants into the “high fitness group” and “low fitness group.” The participants performed physical fitness tests under normal and sleep deprived conditions. After sleep deprivation, VO₂max (p=0.001), grip strength (p=0.007), and push-up (p=0.0004) were significantly decreased in the high fitness group. However, vertical jump (p=0.346), sit-up (p=0.120), and side-step (p=0.109) were not significantly affected by sleep deprivation. In the lower fitness group, VO₂max (p=0.006), push-up (p=0.020), and vertical jump (P<0.001) were significantly decreased. However, grip strength (p=0.798), sit-up (p=0.850), and side-step (p=0.408) were not significantly affected by sleep deprivation. We concluded that cardiorespiratory function and muscle endurance were significantly decreased by sleep deprivation, but it was unclear whether other components of physical fitness were affected. Furthermore, there was no difference between groups in terms of sleep deprivation.

12주간 걷기운동이 중년여성의 신체조성과 건강체력에 미치는 영향

서동일(Seo, Dong Il),김성기(Kim, Sung Ki),장혁기(Chang, Hyukki) 한국보건간호학회 2009 韓國保健看護學會誌 Vol.23 No.1

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of walking exercise training on body composition and physical fitness in middle aged women. Method: The subjects were randomly assigned into an obese walking exercise training group (n=21), a non-obese walking exercise training group (n=9), or a control group (n=10). The women in the treatment groups were then subjected to brisk walking at 50~70% of maximum heart rate twice a week for 12 weeks. The results were then analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS 12.0 for windows. Results: Body weight, BMI, % body fat, and WC were not significantly improved in the obese walking exercise training group and the non-obese walking exercise training group. However, muscular flexibility and muscular endurance were significantly improved in each of these groups (p<.05). Conclusion: These results indicate that 12 weeks of walking exercise training enhanced physical fitness. However, the treatment in this study did not improve the body composition of middle aged women.

스쿠버 다이빙 활동 시 임상적 건강과 기초체력의 주요 요인 조사

지혜미(Jee Hae-Mi),전태원(Jun Tae-Won),장혁기(Chang Hyuk-Ki) 한국체육과학회 2011 한국체육과학회지 Vol.20 No.2

The purpose of this study was to identify the major scuba diving factors that may affect the safety of the activity as well as the directional guideline for the future. A panel was composed of 18 scuba diving related experts and through intuitive judgements, results were converged in three rounds with pre-defined stop criterion. Three major scuba diving factors were identified through first round which were ‘medical screening of health and physical fitness.’ and ‘physical fitness’ in the order of higher identification. Each major factors were categorized in detail and through two more rounds, each items were scored with 5-point Likert scaling. In the ‘health and physical fitness’ factor, items such as ‘need for increased scuba diver medical staff(4.94),’ and ‘need for increased facility, equipment and medical information(4.65).’ were scored the highest. In the ‘basic physical fitness’ factor, ‘cardiovascular fitness(4.69),’ ‘flexibility(4.21),’ and ‘strength(4.18)’ were scored the highest. In conclusion, basic physical fitness should be considered with supportive medical staff, facility. For prevention and safety, each diver should evaluate one's capacity and acquire customized training periodically. Moreover, adequate physical activity should be conducted composed of cardiovascular fitness, flexibility and strength training along with other basic physical fitness factors such as power, agility, and endurance.