벼에서 캘러스 유기원와 계대배양 기간에 따른 재분화 계통의 주요 농업형질 변이

이기환,오병근,양세준,김순철,남민희,Yi, Gi-Hwan,Oh, Byeong-Geun,Yang, Sae-Jun,Kim, Soon-Chul,Nam, Min-Hee 한국식물생명공학회 2003 식물생명공학회지 Vol.30 No.4

벼의 미수분 자방배양으로부터 분화된 후대집단 (0$_2$)의 주요 농업적 형질특성을 조사하고 이를 약배양 및 현미배양으로부터 분화된 후대집단과 상호비교하여 본 바, 주요농업형질의 계통내 고정도는 자방배양에서 87.9%,약에서는 89.8%,현미배양은 82.6%로 나타나 약배양과 마찬가지로 자방배양에서도 고정도가 높았다. 주요 형질별 분리양상을 보면 자방배양에서는 엽색이 4.2%로 가장 빈도가 높았으며, 약배양에서는 임성 (6.1%),현미배양에서는 엽색 (4.9%),임성 (4.9%)순이었다. 또한 캘러스를 1달과 2달 계대배양한 후대의 경우 간장에서 각각 8.9%와 10.0%로 분리하는 형질의 계통비율이 높게 나타났다. 간장, 수장, 출수기에 대한 변이성 정도는 자방배양에서는 약배양과 비슷한 정도의 변이를 보인 반면, 현미배양에서는 크게 나타났으며 간장과 수장의 평균은 모두 모품종인 화영벼에 비하여 줄어들었고 출수기는 다소 지연되는 경향을 보였다. Variations of agronomic traits were evaluated on the progenies of regenerated rice plants of different callus origin and subculture period. From eighty-eight percent to ninety percents of ovary culture-derived plants (OCP) and anther culture-derived plants (ACP) were not segregated within the lines in major agronomic characters. Compare to ACP and OCP lines, the seed culture derived lines (SCP) showed more segregation (17%) in major agronomic traits among the lines. The most frequent segregating traits were grain fertility (6.1%) in ACP, leaf color (4.2%) in OCP and grain fertility (4.9%) and leaf color (4.9%) in SCP lines. The SCP line showed more variation in culm length, panicle length and heading date than those of OCP and ACP lines. The variation of agronomic traits in SCP lines was tended to increase with prolonged subculture. Culm and panicle length were shorter than those of original cultivar in all three types of tissue culture-derived lines (OCP, ACP and SCP).

벼 葯培養 分化植物體의 變異性 Ⅱ. 量的形質의 變異

Sae Jun Yang(陽世準),Byeong Geun Oh(吳秉根),Gun Sik Chung(鄭根植),Jae Keun Sohn(孫再根) 한국육종학회 1987 한국육종학회지 Vol.19 No.4

The present study was focused on variability of anther-derived plants in quantitative characters to obtain basic information for rice breeding through anther culture. Variability of progeny of anther-derived plants, A₂ Lines, were compared with F₂ generation of the same combination. The salient findings obtained are summarized as follows; The segregation and recombination of major characters such as days to heading, panicle length, and panicles per plant both 175 anther-derived A₂ lines and 594 F₂ plants derived from Milyang 74/Dashukei 2 F₁ hybrids presented normal distribution curves and refered to the inheritance of quantitative characters controlled by multiple genes. Expression of gene recombinants related to culm length of 48 anther-derived A₂ lines from singwangbyeo/Eunhatyeo F₁ hybrids showed similar to those of 406 F₂ plants, although average culm length of A₂ population was shorter than that of F₂ population. The segregation and recombination of fertility of 71 anther-derived A₂ lines from Milyang 62/Akibare F₁ hybids as remote cross showed clearly different from those of 578 F₂ plants. The curve of A₂ population appeared more centered, and tilted to higher fertility. This tendency was also appeared both anther-derived A₂ lines and F₂ population derived from Singwangbyeo/Eunhabyeo F₁ hybrids.

벼 葯培養 分化植物體의 變異性 Ⅲ. 質的形質의 變異

Sae Jun Yang(楊世準),Byeong Geun Oh(吳秉根),Gun Sik Chung(鄭根植),Jae Keun Sohn(孫再根) 한국육종학회 1988 한국육종학회지 Vol.20 No.1

The present study was focused on variability of qualitative characters in anther-dervied plants to obtain basic information for rice breeding through anther culture. Variability in the progeny of antherderived plants, A₂ lines, were compared with F₂ generation of the same cross combination. The frequency of tall in culm length was 79% in 594 F₂ plants, but 56% in 175 A₂ lines derived from Milyang 74/Dashukei 2 F₁ hybrids. The ratio of tall to short was 3:1 in F₂ population, and 1:1 in A₂ lines. Short culm of Milyang 74 was controlled by a recessive gene. There was no variants related to glaborous leaf blade of Dashukei 2 and resistant reaction to bacterial leaf blight, pathotype K₁, of Milyang 74 in A₂ lines. The glaborous leaf blade blade of Dashukei 2 controlled by a recessive gene and resistant reaction to bacterial leaf blight, pathotype K₁, of Milyang 74 controlled by a dominant gene were domonstrated in both F₂ population and A₂ lines derived from Milyang 74/Dashukei 2 F₁ hybrids.

벼 葯培養에서 低溫 前處理期間 및 培養條件에 따른 白色體發生

Sae Jun Yong(陽世準),Byeong Geun Oh(吳秉根),Jae Chui Koh(高在哲),Soo Kwan Lee(李壽寬) 한국육종학회 1993 한국육종학회지 Vol.25 No.4

The frequency of albinos was significantly increased up to 72.2% to total pollen plants differentiated when panicles containing adequate pollen stage pretreated with 12℃ for 25 days. Genotypic difference in the frequency of albinos was not recognized, but the value of standard error in the frequency of albinos of japonica rice was lower than that of indica or Tongil-type rice. When cold pretreatment with 12℃ for 15 days applied, the frequency of albinos was low in 45 days old callus after anther inoculation compared to that of 55 days and 65 days. Combination of 2.0㎎/ℓ NAA, 1.0㎎/ℓ kinetin, and 5.0㎎/ℓ ABA in callus formation medium was effective to reduce up to 29% to total pollen plants differentiated even in 55 days old callus. There are no significant difference in the freuqency of albinos when cultural temperature range 24˚-28℃ through culture procedure was applied.

벼 葯培養 分化植物體의 變異性 Ⅳ. 통일형 / 자포니카형 F₁ 葯培養系統의 分類

Sae Jun Yang(楊世準),Byeong Geun Oh(吳秉根),Soo Kwan Lee(李壽寬),Gun Sik Chung(鄭根植) 한국육종학회 1989 한국육종학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Anthers of a cross between Tongil rice CV., Milyang 23 and Japonica rice CV., Nagdongbyeo were cultured on N6-Y1 medium, which Japonica rice was better adapted than Indica, to confirm a certain degree of screening effect of culture medium on the genetic expression of pollen plants. The salient findings obtained are summarized as follows; The majority of progeny of pollen plants, A2 lines, had horizontal leaf angle as intermediated type between parental varieties. Most of A2 lines also had the same leaf color of their parental varieties, but transgressive variation was expressed. Although most of A2 lines in grain shape distributed within parental range, transgressive variation in grain shape was also observed. The phenol color reaction of brown rice was coincide with seed integuments. The ratio of postive(+) phenol reaction to negative(-) was 1:1 in A2 population. It was considered that inheritance of the phenol color reaction was controlled by single dominant gene. The coloration of phenol solution after soaking seed integuments in 2% phenol for 5 days at 30℃ was more clearly than in brown rice. Transgressvie variation to milyang 23 observed both brown rice and seed integuments. Based on the results described above, the pollen grain of different genotype probably have the same totipotency into intact pollen plants. No significant selection effects was found during the process of anther culture. This results also provide useful information of rice breeding for Indica/Japonica hybrids through anther culture.

벼 組織培養을 利用한 突然變異誘發 硏究 Ⅰ. 半數體에 대한 化學物質의 突然變異 誘起效果

Sae Jun Yang(楊世準),Byeong Geun Oh(吳秉根),Soo Kwan Lee(李壽寬),Gun Sik Chung(鄭根植) 한국육종학회 1988 한국육종학회지 Vol.20 No.3

This experiment was conducted to broaden the scope of mutation breeding and to introduce new source of variation by in vitro technology. Node tissue of haploid plants, derived from rice anther culture (CV. Dashukei 2) were cultured on the N6-Y1 basic medium supplemented with 10⁻⁵M NAA, 0.5 x 10⁻⁵M kinetin, and 5x10⁻⁵M ABA. Chemical mutagens, DES, EMS, Sodium Azide, and MNNG were applied in vitro system through this experiment. Diploidization of’haploid plants regenerated from node culture with mutagens were conducted. The progeny of regenerated diploid plants, M₂ generation, were evaluated in their major agronomic characters, and they were compared with A₂ generation derived from anther culture. Haploid plants directly regenerated from node tissue of haploid without callus formation. The ratio of plant regeneration was decreased when the concentration of chemical mutagens were increased. Autodiploidization ratio by tiller separation was 3.1% while that of 0.2% colchicine treatment for 12 hours was 23.0% under the field condition. Phenotypic patterns of 197 M₂ lines derived from node culture with mutagens showed that 80.2% M₂ lines were similar to their parental variety, but the others were different in some characters. For days to heading and culm length the means did not change but the range of variance was larger in M₂ lines than in parental variety. Distribution of days to heading in 146 M₂ lines derived from DES treatmat was similar to 137 A₂ lines derived from anter culture, but that of culm length between two populations showed a significant difference.

벼 약배양에 효과적인 배지조성 및 저온처리 방법

이기환,원용재,고종민,박향미,조준현,오병근,양세준,김순철,남민희,Yi, Gi-Hwan,Won, Yong-Jae,Ko, Jong-Min,Park, Hyang-Mi,Cho, Jun-Hyeon,Oh, Byeong-Geun,Yang, Sae-Jun,Kim, Soon-Chul,Nam, Min-Hee 한국식물생명공학회 2003 식물생명공학회지 Vol.30 No.4

In spite of potential benefits of anther culture, low productivity of plant regeneration in some genotypes; e.g. tonsil and indica rice, is one of the major obstacles for practical use of anther culture. This study was conducted to improve cold shock method and carbohydrate source for increasing the efficiency of anther culture in rice. The most common carbon source, sucrose was replaced to maltose, which has two molecules of glucose. Maltose increased callus induction 1.4-to 1.8-fold higher in japonica rice, 3.2-to 11.6-fold in tongil types and 2.7-fold in indica rice IR50. Callus induction was increased from 0.2% to 12.5% in maltose medium compared to the medium supplemented with sucrose plus glucose in indica rice "Tetep". A simple procedure of vacuum packaging of panicles during cold shock treatment prolonged not only anther viability more than 15 days but also increased callus induction more than 2-fold compared to open-air storage (conventional method). Combining of above two methods, callus induction was increased 28 to 56% in japonica, 13 to 33% in tonsil type and 12 to 31% in indica rice. Plant regeneration was increased 14 to 35% in japonica, 10 to 20% in tonsil and 4 to 15% in indica rice, respectively.

전처리조건에 따른 망초(Erigeron canadensis L.) 에탄올 추출물의 항산화활성

우관식(Koan Sik Woo),송석보(Seuk Bo Song),오병근(Byeong Geun Oh),서명철(Myung Chul Seo),고지연(Jee Yeon Ko),이재생(Jae Saeng Lee),강종래(Jong Rae Kang),남민희(Min Hee Nam),정헌상(Heon Sang Jeong) 한국식품영양과학회 2009 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.38 No.9

망초의 항산화성분 및 활성 측정을 통하여 대표적인 항산화성분인 총 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드, 탄닌, chlorophyll 함량과 DPPH radical 소거활성 및 ABTS cation decolorization assay에 의한 총 항산화력을 측정하였다. 생물상태 망초 추출물의 총 폴리페놀, 플라보노이드, 탄닌 및 chlorophyll 함량은 각각 63.32, 27.71, 161.19 및 428.85 ㎎/g으로 나타났다. 40℃에서 열풍 건조한 시료의 경우 각각 89.25, 33.44, 210.44 및 229.29 ㎎/g으로 나타났으며, 끓는물에 2분간 데친 후 48시간 40℃에서 열풍 건조한 시료는 각각 115.49, 45.51, 252.54 및 283.07 ㎎/g으로 나타나 대체적으로 생물상태보다 함량이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 생물상태 망초 추출물의 전자공여능(EDA, %)의 IC50은 5.5527 ㎎/mL, 총항산화력은 192.78 ㎎ AA eq/g sample로 나타났다. 40℃에서 열풍 건조한 시료의 경우 각각 0.4710 ㎎/mL 및 194.05 ㎎ AA eq/g sample로 나타났으며, 끓는 물에 2분간 데친 후 48시간 40℃에서 열풍 건조한 시료는 각각 0.4135 ㎎/mL 및 242.40 ㎎ AA eq/g sample로 나타나 대체적으로 생물상태보다 항산화활성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. In order to investigate the potential characteristics of horseweed (Erigeron canadensis L.) recognized with weeds for the application to food industry, the antioxidative properties of horseweed were measured with total polyphenol, flavonoid, tannin, chlorophyll contests and antioxidant activities. Total polyphenol, flavonoid, tannin, and chlorophyll content were 63.32, 27.71, 161.19, and 428.85 ㎎/g in the extracts of fresh horseweed (FHE), respectively. The extracts of dry horseweed (DHE) on 40℃ for 48 hr were 89.25, 33.44, 210.44, and 229.29 ㎎/g, and the extracts of dry horseweed after blanching (BDHE) were 115.49, 45.51, 252.54, and 283.07 ㎎/g, respectively. IC50 of EDA (electron donating ability, %) and AEAC (L-ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity) were 5.5527 ㎎/mL and 192.78 ㎎ AA eq/g sample in the FHE, respectively. The DHE were 0.4710 ㎎/mL and 194.05 ㎎ AA eq/g sample, and the BDHE were 0.4135 ㎎/mL and 242.40 ㎎ AA eq/g sample, respectively. Horseweed, where the antioxidant activity is excellent, is thought to be potentially useful with foodstuffs.

벼 세포배양에서 유래된 변이체의 유전

손재근(Jae Keun Sohn),이기환(Gi Hwan Yi),남민희(Min Hee Nam),오병근(Byeong Geun Oh),최해춘(Hae Chune Choi),김순철(Soon Chul Kim) 경북대학교 유전공학연구소 2000 遺傳工學硏究所報 Vol.14 No.-

수수 첨가량 및 누룩을 달리한 발효주의 이화학적 특성

우관식(Koan Sik Woo),고지연(Jee Yeon Ko),송석보(Seuk Bo Song),이재생(Jae Saeng Lee),오병근(Byeong Geun Oh),강종래(Jong Rae Kang),남민희(Min Hee Nam),류인수(In Soo Ryu),정헌상(Heon Sang Jeong),서명철(Myung Chul Seo) 한국식품영양과학회 2010 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.39 No.4

대표적인 잡곡 중에 하나인 수수의 이용성을 제고하고자 누룩의 종류와 수수첨가량을 달리하여 제조한 발효주의 이화학적 특성을 검토한 결과, 누룩의 종류와 수수첨가량을 달리하여 제조한 발효주의 알코올 함량은 처리구간에 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 당도는 찹쌀 100%만으로 발효시킨 시료의 경우 SH업체와 BS업체 누룩에서 각각 21.6 및 22.4°Bx로 나타났으며, 수수첨가량이 증가함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 뚜렷하게 보였다. pH는 대조구에서 각각 3.74 및 3.40으로 나타났으며, 수수첨가량이 증가함에 따라 대체적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였고 총 산도는 각각 1.40 및 1.51%로 나타났으며, 수수첨가량이 증가함에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 탁도를 측정한 결과 대조구에서 각각 0.441 및 0.149로 나타났고 수수첨가량이 증가함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보여 맑아지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 색도를 측정한 결과 수수첨가량에 따라 L-value는 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, a-value는 증가하는 경향을 보였고 b-value는 수수 30% 첨가구에서 높게 나타났으나 이후 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 찹쌀 100% 처리구와 색차를 계산한 결과 SH업체 누룩의 경우 수수 30, 70 및 100% 첨가구와는 각각 4.33, 6.63 및 26.13으로 나타났고 BS업체 누룩은 각각 4.08, 5.29 및 10.59로 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 유기산 함량을 측정한 결과 lactic acid 및 acetic acid가 주된 구성 유기산임을 확인할 수 있었다. 유리당은 glucose만이 검출되었으며, SH업체 및 BS업체 누룩 대조구에서 각각 7.116 및 7.580%로 나타났고 수수첨가량이 증가할수록 glucose 함량은 감소하여 수수를 100% 첨가하여 제조한 발효주의 경우 검출이 되지 않았다. 관능검사 결과 BS업체 누룩을 이용하여 수수 30%를 첨가한 발효주가 가장 양호한 결과를 나타내었다. This study was carried out to compare the physicochemical characteristics of Korean traditional wines fermented by addition of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) using different nuruks (SH and BS nuruk). The alcohol contents of the fermented wines ranged from 12.36 to 13.21%. The brix degrees of sorghum wines fermented using SH and BS nuruks were 8.6~17.9°Bx and 7.6~20.0oBx on addition ratio, respectively. Wine no addedsorghum using SH and BS nuruks showed pH 3.74 and 3.40, total acidity of 1.40 and 1.51%, and 0.441 and 0.149 of turbidity. With increase of sorghum addition, brix degree, pH, turbidity and L-value decreased whereas total acidity and a-value increased. Total color difference ( ΔEab) parameters of wines fermented in 30, 70 and 100% sorghum addition using SH and BS nuruk were 4.33, 6.63 and 26.13, and 4.08, 5.29 and 10.59. Glucose content decreased with increasing amounts of sorghum. Organic acids such as lactic acid and acetic acid were predominantly detected in the fermented wine. Finally, based on sensory evaluations, the wine fermented by BS nuruk showed the best overall quality at 30% sorghum addition.