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Co / Cu / Co / FeMn 스핀밸브의 자기저항 특성 향상 연구
김홍진(Hong Jin Kim),배준수(Jun Soo Bae),노은선(Eun Sun Noh),이택동(Taek Dong Lee),이혁모(Hyuck Mo Lee) 한국자기학회 2002 韓國磁氣學會誌 Vol.12 No.1
It was observed that exchange bias field was increased with smooth surface and better γ-FeMn formation. Sputtering conditions were varied for the control of the surface roughness and γ-FeMn formation. From the results of Cu deposition as underlayer, it was found that γ-FeMn formation was closely related with the thickness of underlayer. After heat treatment, exchange bias field was increased over three times. This improvement was likely that the crystallites of γ-FeMn were well formed. In Co/Cu/Co/FeMn spin valve structure, magnetoresistance was increased over 1.4 times through the heat treatment. This was due to the disappearance of Co/ Cu intermixed dead layer and removal of defect, and this was examined by AES analysis.
노은선,전인구 한국약제학회 2004 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.34 No.2
This study was aimed to investigate the feasibility of nasal delivery of caffeine for the elimination of sleepiness. The effects of various vehicles, solubilizers, and enhancers on the permeation of caffeine through rabbit nasal mucosa was observed. The permeation study was carried out using a Franz-type permeation system at 37℃, and the amount of caffeine permeated through the rabbit nasal mucosa was determined by a validated HPLC. The apparent solubility and physiochemical stability of caffeine in various nasal formulations were determined. The effect of hydrotropes and modified cyclodextrins on the solubility of caffeine in water was determined by equilibrium solubility method. The solubility of caffeine in water was 29 ㎎/mL at 30℃. The addition of sodium benzoate and nicotinamide at 10% improved the solubility of caffeine (115 and 132 ㎎/mL, respectively) in aqueous solution. The flux of caffeine through the nasal mucosa from aqueous solution was 2.1±0.26 ㎎/㎠/hr. The addition of sodium benzoate reduced its permeation (1.4±0.01 ㎎/㎠/hr) markedly. The addition of nicotinarnide also increased its permeation (2.5±0.36 ㎎/㎠/hr). As the concentration of caffeine in nasal formulation increased, the permeation flux increased linearly. Caffeine was stable physicochemically and enzymatically in the nasal mucosa extract at 37℃. These results suggest that caffeine can be efficiently delivered nasally and the development of nasal formulation will be feasible.