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박규희 ( Kyu Hee Park ),김동영 ( Dong Yeung Kim ),차문영 ( Mun Yeung Cha ),서정식 ( Jeong Sik Seo ),유태환 ( Tae Hwan Yoo ),조용균 ( Yong Kyoon Cho ),최훈 ( Hoon Choi ),김복린 ( Bok Rin Kim ),이홍균 ( Hong Kyoon Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 1997 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.40 No.12
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors of the neonatal clavicular fracture. Methods: Between January 1993 and December 1996, forty seven cases of neonatal clavicular fractures were studied and analyzed retrospectively to determine the risk factors. Newborns with radiologically proved fractured clavicles were compared with a control group of infants delivered immediately before & after the study patients. Maternal, labor, delivery & newborn factors were analyzed statistically. Results: The incidence of neonatal clavicular fracture was 0.398%(47/11806) in singleton full-term vaginal deliveries. The statistically significant risk factors were shoulder dystocia(p = 0.001), heavier birth weight(p = 0.001), and macrosomia(p = 0.026). No infant with clavicular fracture had an abnormal finding by neurologic examination. Conclusion: Neonatal clavicular fractures occur infrequently during normal vaginal delivery. Shoulder dystocia, heavier birth weight, and macrosomia are associated risk factors, but they are often unpredictable and unavoidable complication.
강수기 양자강 하구 주변 표층해역의 해양환경과 식물플랑크톤 군집 분포 특성
윤양호(Yang Ho Yoon),박종식(Jong Sick Park),노일현(Il Hyeon Noh),박영균(Yeong Gyun Park),김동영(Dong Yeung Kim),서호영(Ho Young Soh),황두진(Doo Jin Hwang),정순범(Sun Beom Jeong),김용주(Yong Ju Kim),신형호(Hyeong Ho Shin) 전남대학교 수산과학연구소 2006 수산과학연구소논문집 Vol.14 No.2
We investigated the characteristics of the marine environment and phytoplankton community of surface in the adjoining sea of Yangtze river of the East China Sea in June 2005. According to the analysis of a T-S diagram, three characteristic of water masses were identified. We classified them into the mixed water mass by the Chinese continental coastal waters and Taiwan/Tsushima warm current, Chinese continental coastal waters and Taiwan/Tsushima warm current. The first water mass was characterized by high water temperature, low salinity, low density and very high Chl-a concentration. The second one was characterized by high water temperature, low salinity, low density and high Chl-a concentration and the last one was characterized by low water temperature, high salinity, high density and low Chl-a concentration. The phytoplankton community identified a total of 95 species belonging to 43 genera. The dominant species was 3 species, that is, mainly centric diatom, Skeletonema costatum in the Chinese continental coastal waters. The others one, one dinoflagellates, Prororcentrum donghaiense and one silicoflagellates, Dictyocha speculum var. otonaria in warm current regions. Standing crops of phytoplankton and Chl-a concentration were very high with ranged from 5.9 x 103 cells/L to 1.1 x 106 cells/L, and 2.90 ㎍/L to 26.40 ㎍/L, respectively. Phytoplankton productivity in the East China Sea was controlled by the discharge of Yangtze river waters which include a high concentrations of nutrients.