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( Jung-whan Chon ),( Kun-ho Seo ),( Hyungsuk Oh ),( Dongkwan Jeong ),( Kwang-young Song ) 한국낙농식품응용생물학회(구 한국유가공학회) 2020 한국유가공기술과학회지 Vol.38 No.2
This study was conducted to evaluate the chemical and organoleptic properties of some dairy products supplemented with different concentrations of propolis (0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%). There was no significant difference between pH values of the treated and control groups. All samples were tested using 20 evaluators divided in five categories. Compared to the control, the best organoleptic test results were obtained for market milk, yoghurt, and Kefir supplemented with 0.5% propolis. Statistical difference was observed in the taste, flavor, color, texture, and overall acceptability of market milk, yoghurt, and Kefir between the treated and control groups (p<0.05). However, as propolis has a strong aromatic flavor, it should be supplemented in small amounts, so as not to affect the organoleptic properties of the product. In conclusion, this study provides useful information for the development of functional dairy products using propolis.
Nutritional Functions of Milk and Dairy Products in Improving Human Health
( Jung-whan Chon ),( Hyunsook Kim ),( Dong-hyeon Kim ),( Soo-kyung Lee ),( Hong-seok Kim ),( Jin-hyuk Yim ),( Kwang-young Song ),( Young-ji Kim ),( Il-byung Kang ),( Dana Jeong ),( Jin-hyeong Park ),( 한국유가공기술과학회 2016 Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology (JMSB) Vol.34 No.3
Cow`s milk and dairy products are elements of the human diet that could play an important role in improving human health. The macronutrients and micronutrients found in milk could supply the nutrients required to maintain human health. Among them, milk-derived bioactive peptides have been identified as potential ingredients found in health promoting functional foods. These bioactive peptides target diet-related chronic diseases, particularly non-communicable ones such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and obesity. Additionally probiotics such as lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are can be considered live microorganisms that confer health benefits for the host-, when administered in adequate amounts. Further, the calcium, vitamin D, and protein content of milk and dairy products could play a role in proving bone health. The effect of milk and calcium on bone mineral density could prevent against fracture, osteoporosis and rickets. Furthermore, milk and dairy products also contain which factors that, which protect against dental caries (anti-cariogenic properties). This paper reviews the various nutritional functions of milk and dairy products in improving human health.
Jung-Whan Chon,Kun-Ho Seo,Hyungsuk Oh,Dongkwan Jeong,Kwang-Young Song Korean Society of Dairy Science and Biotechnology 2023 Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology (JMSB) Vol.41 No.3
This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of 10 different pre-enrichment methods using Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in support of the FDA method. When the initial Cronobacter spp. (Enterobacter sakazakii) inoculation was 7.2 CFU/g, the Ct values were observed in the following order: 21.37 (Enterobacteriaceae enrichment [EE] broth), 21.95 (brain heart infusion [BHI]), 22.72 (tryptic soy broth [TSB]), 23.02 (violet red bile lactose [VRBL]), 22.31 (TSB-0.1% sodium pyruvate [SP]), 23.43 (distilled water [DW]), 24.34 (phosphate buffered saline [PBS]), 24.95 (nutrient broth [NB]), 25.82 (TSB-0.6% yeast extract [YE]), and 28.27 (violet red bile glucose [VRBG]). For an inoculation of 1.82% CFU/g of Cronobacter spp. (E. sakazakii), the Ct values were recorded in this sequence: 20.34 (EE broth), 22.16 (TSB-0.6% YE), 22.37 (BHI), 22.71 (VRBL), 22.88 (TSB), 23.01 (DW), 23.19 (NB), 23.79 (TSB-0.1% SP), 24.66 (VRBG), and 24.70 (PBS). Finally, when the inoculum of Cronobacter spp. (E. sakazakii) was 0.182 CFU/g, the Ct values followed this order: 21.93 (VRBL), 23.07 (TSB-0.6% YE), 23.31 (DW), 23.47 (PBS), 23.70 (BHI), 24.14 (TSB-0.1% SP), 25.14 (TSB), 29.00 (VRBG), 31.55 (EE broth), and were undetected in the case of NB. Consequently, these results indicate that there were no significant differences among the 10 different pre-enrichment broths. Future studies should focus on exploring pre-enrichment broths that can improve the limit of detection at very low Cronobacter spp. (E. sakazakii) concentrations and enhance the selective recovery of Cronobacter spp. (E. sakazakii) under acid, antibiotic, cold, and heat damage conditions.
Jung-Whan Chon,서건호,Dongryeoul Bae,Ji-Hee Park,Saeed Khan,성기돈 대한수의학회 2018 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.19 No.3
Clostridium perfringens causes diarrhea and other diseases in animals and humans. We investigated the prevalence, toxin gene profiles, and antibiotic resistance of C. perfringens isolated from diarrheic dogs (DD) and non-diarrheic dogs (ND) in two animal hospitals in Seoul, Korea. Fecal samples were collected from clinically DD (n = 49) and ND (n = 34). C. perfringens was isolated from 31 of 49 DD (63.3%) and 21 of 34 ND dogs (61.8%). All C. perfringens strains were positive for the a toxin gene, but not for the b, e, or i toxin genes; therefore, all strains were identified as type A C. perfringens. All isolates were cpe-negative, whereas the b2 toxin gene was identified in 83.9% and 61.9% of isolates from DD and ND, respectively. Most isolates were susceptible to ampicillin (94%), chloramphenicol (92%), metronidazole (100%), moxifloxacin (96%), and imipenem (100%). However, 25.0% and 21.2% of isolates were resistant to tetracycline and clindamycin, respectively. Molecular subtyping of the isolated strains was performed by using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Fifty-two isolates were classified into 48 pulsotypes based on more than 90% similarity of banding patterns. No notable differences were observed among the isolates from DD and ND.
Chon, Jung-Whan,Kim, Young-Ji,Kim, Dong-Hyeon,Song, Kwang-Young,Kim, Hyunsook,Seo, Kun-Ho Institute of Food Technologists 2019 Journal of Food Science Vol.84 No.1
<P> The presence of unwanted competing flora has been the most common confounding factor in the enumeration of <I>Bacillus cereus (B. cereus)</I> using selective media such as mannitol-yolk-polymyxin B agar (MYPA). The objective of this study was to improve MYPA selectivity for <I>B. cereus</I> by supplementation with a second-generation cephalosporin, cefuroxime. The performance of cefuroxime-supplemented MYPA (cefu-MYPA) was evaluated by comparison with original MYPA in 60 food products with established microbiological standards for <I>B. cereus</I> contamination. Cefu-MYPA demonstrated superior recoverability and selectivity for B. cereus compared with original MYPA in most tested foods. <I>B. cereus</I> numbers on MYPA and cefu?MYPA were 363.5 and 462.0 CFU/g, respectively. Competing flora on cefu-MYPA was detected in significantly less samples (70%) compared to original MYPA (93%). In addition, the detection and isolation of suspected colonies were significantly improved in cefu-MYPA because of the reduction or elimination of competing flora in all tested foods except fruit juice, indicating superior selectivity of the modified medium. Our findings suggest that cefuroxime supplementation of MYPA would markedly improve the detection rate of <I>B. cereus</I>, particularly in foods with high levels of indigenous flora. </P>
Chon, Jung-Whan,Kim, Young-Ji,Rashid, Farzana,Sung, Kidon,Khan, Saeed,Kim, Hyunsook,Seo, Kun-Ho Poultry Science Association Inc. 2018 Poultry science Vol.97 No.1
<P>Overgrowth of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) on Campylobacter media prevents the latter's selective isolation, thereby making the improvement of Campylobacter-selective media necessary. We evaluated tazobactam (an ESBL inhibitor) to supplement Bolton enrichment broth (Tz-Bolton broth) for the selective isolation of Campylobacter in chicken carcass rinses. First, using 20 strains of ESBL-producing E. coli and 13 Campylobacter strains, we found 4 mu g/mL of tazobactam to be optimal for inhibiting the ESBL-producing E. coli while allowing the growth of all tested Campylobacter strains. Next, 80 whole chicken carcasses were rinsed with buffered peptone water (BPW), and 25 mL of BPW rinse was mixed with 2 x blood-free Bolton broth (25 mL) with or without tazobactam followed by incubation at 42 degrees C for 48 h under microaerobic conditions. A loopful of the incubated broth was inoculated on modified charcoal-cefoperazone-deoxycholate agar (mCCDA) and microaerobically incubated at 42 degrees C for 48 h. The tazobactam supplemented Bolton broth showed a higher Campylobacter isolation rate (38.8%, p < 0.05) than normal Bolton broth (15%). Moreover, the number of mCCDA plates with non-Campylobacter was much lower (p < 0.05) after enrichment in Tz-Bolton broth (0%) than in the normal Bolton broth (80%), suggesting that selectivity of the modified broth was superior to normal Bolton broth.</P>
Microbiological Evaluation of Pork and Chicken By-Products in South Korea
CHON, JUNG-WHAN,JUNG, HAE-IN,KUK, MIN,LIM, JONG-SOO,SEO, KUN-HO,KIM, SOO-KI International Association for Food Protection 2016 Journal of food protection Vol.79 No.5
<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>In this study, we aimed to evaluate the microbiological risk of pork and chicken by-products by enumerating indicator bacteria (total aerobic bacteria, coliforms, and Escherichia coli) and identifying pathogens such as Campylobacter and Salmonella. The antibiotic resistance of pathogenic isolates was determined, and molecular subtyping was performed using automated repetitive sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR). Pork and chicken by-products were collected from 10 processing plants. The mean numbers of total aerobic bacteria, coliforms, and E. coli from 95 pork by-product samples and 64 chicken by-product samples were 5.1, 3.6, and 2.4 log CFU/g and 4.5, 3.0, and 1.8 log CFU/g, respectively. The numbers of indicator bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract (small intestine, large intestine, and gizzard) were significantly higher than those in other organs. Salmonella and Campylobacter species were detected in 3 and 5 of 95 pork by-product samples and in 6 and 3 of 64 chicken by-product samples, respectively. Four of 9 Salmonella isolates examined were resistant to eight antibiotics, and each of these resistant strains produced an extended-spectrum β-lactamase. Most Campylobacter isolates were resistant to tetracycline (7 of 8 strains) and quinolones (7 of 8 strains). The similarity in rep-PCR patterns among Salmonella isolates was more closely associated with serotype than with the processing plant and type of meat. Conversely, the rep-PCR patterns of Campylobacter isolates were specific to the processing plant. Our findings could help agencies develop regulations for protection from foodborne bacterial infections arising from animal by-products.</P>
( Jung Whan Chon ),( Won Chang Lee ),( Myeong Jin Lee ),( Hyeong Ae Bang ),( Kun Ho Seo ) 한국예방수의학회 2014 예방수의학회지 Vol.38 No.4
The average prevalence rate (PR) for foodborne disease outbreaks (FBDOs) in the first half (F-H) and latter half(L-H) of the decade from 2001 to 2010 in Korea was 14.0 and 16.9 per 100,000 population, respectively. The number ofpatients per outbreak of foodborne diseases (FBDs) in the F-H of that decade was 57.6 and in the L-H was 25.4 (p < 0.05). A comparison of the 2 periods covered in this study indicates that FBDOs in the L-H most frequently involved restaurantsor delis (51.5% of total cases), and in the F-H, this involvement was noted in 34.0% of total cases (p < 0.01). The epidemicpatterns of microbial FBDOs show that the overall incidence of outbreaks resulting from 5 of 8 key pathogens includingBacillus cereus (+1.6%), Campylobacter jejuni (+1.5%), Clostridium spp. (+0.7%), pathogenic Escherichia coli (+8.3%), andNorovirus (+14.4%) tended to be higher in the L-H than in the F-H of the decade from 2001 to 2010. Conversely, thosecaused by the other 3 key agents, including Salmonella spp. ( 9.2%), Staphylococcus aureus ( 2.8%), and Vibrioparahaemolyticus ( 6.4%) were significantly lower in the L-H than in the F-H of the decade. Moreover, in the decade between2001 and 2010, the number of patients (n) and the PR for microbial FBD increased from the F-H (n = 13,346, PR: 5.6) tothe L-H (n = 33,732, PR: 13.8) (p < 0.01).