Reliable control of magnetic vortex chirality in asymmetrically optimized magnetic nanodisk

Zhang Huanhuan,Yu Hai,Zhang Xue-Feng,Yang Xiao-Xue,Shim Je-Ho,Ma Xiao-Ping,Piao Hong-Guang 한국물리학회 2022 Current Applied Physics Vol.43 No.-

Magnetic vortex has attracted attention in the field of information storage because their topological spin structures with chiral bistable states. If the vortex core polarity and vortex circulation sense can be controlled simultaneously in a nanodisk, which will be more beneficial to realize the multi-bit ultrahigh density storage. In this paper, a reliable control scheme for magnetic vortex chirality is proposed by optimizing the structure of Pac- Man-like nanodisk. The results show that the polarity and circulation of the vortex can be controlled simultaneously by changing the direction of the global magnetic field, and even the chiral states of the vortex can be determined by detecting the stray field distribution on the surface of the nanodisk. The optimized Pac-Man-like nanodisk provide an experimental method for the control and detection of magnetic vortex chirality, which will be beneficial to the realization of multi-bit magnetic storage or magnetic logic technology in the future.

The Effect of Intrapreneurship and Supervisor Trust on Management Performance

Zhang, Hongpeng,Wang, Huanhuan,Kim, Jongkwan 부산대학교 중국연구소 2018 Journal of China Studies Vol.21 No.4

Amygdalin inhibits HSC-T6 cell proliferation and fibrosis through the regulation of TGF-β/CTGF

Huanhuan Luo,Liang Li,Jianbang Tang,Fengxue Zhang,Fang Zhao,Da Sun,Fengling Zheng,Xinhua Wang,Xinhua Wang 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2016 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.12 No.3

Amygdalin is one of the nitrilosides that was widely used to treat cancer, inhibit liver fibrosis. In the present study, the aim was to determine the antifibrotic potential of amygdalin and examine its mechanisms of action in vitro. Firstly, we found amygdalin significantly inhibited HSC-T6 cells proliferation. Both mRNA and protein of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) were decreased in HSC-T6 cells during amygdalin treatment. Secondly, to investigate functional role of TGF-β, both TGF-β over-expression vector and siRNA against TGF-β were transfected into HSC-T6 cells respectively. The results showed that over-expression of TGF-β promoted proliferation of HSC-T6 cells, whereas TGF-β knockdown inhibited cell viability. Moreover, our data even indicated that TGF-β could promote cell proliferation independent of amygdalin treatment. Finally, we found amygdalin could inhibit expression of the classical fibrotic factor αSMA, which suggested an antifibrotic effect of amygdalin. While the TGF-β antagonized anti-fibrotic effect of amygdalin. To assess the mechanisms, we examined expression of CTGF in cultured HSC-T6 cells. Our results showed that CTGF was down-regulated in HSCT6 cell treated by amygdalin, but was up-regulated when exogenous TGF-β introduced. As CTGF was one of the downstream factors in the TGF-β pathway. These might suggest that amygdalin inhibited HSC-T6 cells proliferation and fibrosis via TGF-β/CTGF pathway.

Hardware Implementation of Two-level Scheduling Algorithm in μC/OS-II

Guangwu Zhang,Yan Li,Yidong Chen,Huaiguo Dong,Huanhuan Chi,Min Shi,Junfeng Gao 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.10 No.4

Aiming at the problem that μC/OS-II does not support round-robin scheduling of the same priority task, a two-level hybrid task scheduling strategy was proposed. In the first level, by putting the task priority as criterion for task scheduling, a preemptive scheduling of different priority task was implemented. And in the second level, adopting time slice circulars scheduling strategy, round-robin scheduling of same priority task was implemented. The waiting list of tasks was designed by on-chip registers of FPGA and the ready list of tasks was designed by RAM of FPGA, and to implement time slice circulars scheduling, hardware circuit for finding successor of task was designed. The system adopted VHDL, and simulated by the software ISE10.1. The simulation results show that the hardware implementation of the system is well-worked.

The Influence of Authentic Leadership on the Voice Behavior of Young People in China : Assessing the Mediating Role of Relational Identification and the Moderating Role of Affective Commitment

Wang, Huanhuan,Zhang, Hongpeng,Kim, Jongkwan 부산대학교 중국연구소 2019 Journal of China Studies Vol.22 No.1

Mitophagy Improves Ethanol Tolerance in Yeast: Regulation by Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

( Hongjuan Jing ),( Huanhuan Liu ),( Zhang Lu ),( Cui Liuqing ),( Xiaorong Tan ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2020 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.30 No.12

Ethanol often accumulates during the process of wine fermentation, and mitophagy has critical role in ethanol output. However, the relationship between mitophagy and ethanol stress is still unclear. In this study, the expression of ATG11 and ATG32 genes exposed to ethanol stress was accessed by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The result indicated that ethanol stress induced expression of the ATG11 and ATG32 genes. The colony sizes and the alcohol yield of atg11 and atg32 were also smaller and lower than those of wild type strain under ethanol whereas the mortality of mutants is higher. Furthermore, compared with wild type, the membrane integrity and the mitochondrial membrane potential of atg11 and atg32 exhibited greater damage following ethanol stress. In addition, a greater proportion of mutant cells were arrested at the G1/G0 cell cycle. There was more aggregation of peroxide hydrogen (H₂O₂) and superoxide anion (O₂ ^·-) in mutants. These changes in H2O2 and O2 ·- in yeasts were altered by reductants or inhibitors of scavenging enzyme by means of regulating the expression of ATG11 and ATG32 genes. Inhibitors of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (mtETC) also increased production of H₂O₂ and O₂ ^·- by enhancing expression of the ATG11 and ATG32 genes. Further results showed that activator or inhibitor of autophagy also activated or inhibited mitophagy by altering production of H₂O₂ and O₂ ^·. Therefore, ethanol stress induces mitophagy which improves yeast the tolerance to ethanol and the level of mitophagy during ethanol stress is regulated by ROS derived from mtETC.

Ethanol Induces Autophagy Regulated by Mitochondrial ROS in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

( Hongjuan Jing ),( Huanhuan Liu ),( Lu Zhang ),( Jie Gao ),( Haoran Song ),( Xiaorong Tan ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.12

Ethanol accumulation inhibited the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae during wine fermentation. Autophagy and the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also induced under ethanol stress. However, the relation between autophagy and ethanol stress was still unclear. In this study, expression of the autophagy genes ATG1 and ATG8 and the production of ROS under ethanol treatment in yeast were measured. The results showed that ethanol stress very significantly induced expression of the ATG1 and ATG8 genes and the production of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and superoxide anion (O₂ ^·-). Moreover, the atg1 and atg8 mutants aggregated more H₂O₂ and O₂ ^·- than the wild-type yeast. In addition, inhibitors of the ROS scavenging enzyme induced expression of the ATG1 and ATG8 genes by increasing the levels of H₂O₂ and O₂ ^·-. In contrast, glutathione (GSH) and N-acetylcystine (NAC) decreased ATG1 and ATG8 expression by reducing H₂O₂ and O₂ ^·- production. Rapamycin and 3-methyladenine also caused an obvious change in autophagy levels and simultaneously altered the release of H₂O₂ and O₂ ^·-. Finally, inhibitors of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (mtETC) increased the production of H₂O₂ and O₂ ^·- and also promoted expression levels of the ATG1 and ATG8 genes. In conclusion, ethanol stress induced autophagy which was regulated by H₂O₂ and O₂ ^·- derived from mtETC, and in turn, the autophagy contributed to the elimination H₂O₂ and O₂ ^·-.

Distribution characteristics of fungal communities with depth in paddy fields of three soil types in China

Xu Li,Huanhuan Wang,Xiang Li,Xinyu Li,Huiwen Zhang 한국미생물학회 2020 The journal of microbiology Vol.58 No.4

Little is known about the distribution of fungal communities with soil depth on relatively large scales. In this study, typical paddy soils in three regions (Hailun, Changshu, and Yingtan) from north to south China were selected to investigate the vertical distribution (0-100 cm) of the fungal community by Illumina MiSeq sequencing, and to identify the main factors influencing the fungal community distribution. The results indicated that the structure of the soil fungal community changed significantly with region and soil depth. Soil fungal taxa such as Zygomycota, Glomeromycota, Saccharomycete, Kazachstania, Mortierella, Massariosphaeria, Hypholoma, and Zopfiella were enriched at depths of 0–20 cm, whereas Dothideomycetes, Microbotryomycetes, Tremellomycetes, Sporobolomyces, Cryptococcus, Rhodotorula, Fusarium, and Pyrenochaetopsis had high relative abundances at 80–100 cm. Variance partitioning analysis indicated that the geographic distance contributed more to the fungal community variation than environmental variables on a large scale. In addition, soil total carbon and nitrogen contents were the main environmental factors driving the vertical distribution of the fungal community in paddy soils.

Andrographolide induce human embryonic stem cell apoptosis by oxidative stress response

Huarong Huang,Huanhuan Cao,Chun Xing,Yunfen Hua,Ming Zhang,Lifang Jin 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2019 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.15 No.2

Backgrounds: The anti-inflammatory effect of andrographolide is widely accepted; however, its exact role in reproductive toxicity requires further elucidation. The embryonic stem cell test (EST) is a promising system for detecting the reproductive toxicity of drugs in vitro. In this study, we applied a prediction model to our EST data after classifying andrographolide according to published criteria. The possible mechanism of andrographolide reproductive toxicity was also studied. Methods: Reproductive toxicity of andrographolide was evaluated in vitro EST model and in vivo mouse model. Human embryonic stem cells (ESCs) were cultured with different concentrations of andrographolide with or without N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC). Cell viability was assessed with MTT assay, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was measured with DCFH-DA assay. Gene and protein expression levels were measured with qRT-PCR and western-blot, respectively. Results: Results showed that andrographolide exhibited strong reproductive toxicity according to the prediction model of the EST and mouse studies. An increase in ROS levels, damage to mitochondrial membrane potential, and induction of caspase-3 were observed in the andrographolide-treated human ESCs. Scavenging of andrographolide-induced ROS by NAC blocked these activities. Western blot and qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein and its target antioxidant genes were up-regulated after andrographolide treatment at certain concentrations. Furthermore, NAC treatment significantly increased the activity of the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Conclusion: We demonstrated that andrographolide is a drug with strong reproductive toxicity, which resulted from ROS-mediated oxidative stress. In addition, the Nrf2 pathway appears to be involved in the NAC protection of human ESCs against andrographolide-induced cell apoptosis.

Upregulation of miR-20b Protects Against Cerebral Ischemic Stroke by Targeting Thioredoxin Interacting Protein (TXNIP)

Dejiang Yang,Yu Tan,Huanhuan Li,Xiaowei Zhang,Xinming Li,Feng Zhou 한국뇌신경과학회 2021 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.30 No.2

Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) is involved in abnormal development and pathophysiology in the brain. Although miR-20b plays essential roles in various human diseases, its function in cerebral ischemic stroke remains unclear. A cell model of oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) and A rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) were constructed. qRT-PCR and western blot were used to evaluate the expression of miR-20b and TXNIP. Cell viability was detected by MTT assay, and cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. Targetscan and Starbase were used to predict the potential targets of miR-20b. Luciferase reporter assay was applied to determine the interaction between miR-20b and TXNIP. Rescue experiments were conducted to confirm the functions of miR-20b/TXNIP axis in cerebral ischemic stroke. MiR-20b was significantly downregulated after I/R both in vitro and in vivo. Upregulation of miR-20b inhibited OGD/R-induced neurons apoptosis and attenuated ischemic brain injury in rat model. Bioinformatic prediction suggested that TXNIP might be a target of miR-20b, and luciferase reporter assay revealed that miR-20b negatively regulated TXNIP expression by directly binding to the 3’-UTR of TXNIP. Downregulation of TXNIP inhibited OGD/R-induced neurons apoptosis in vitro and ischemic brain injury in vivo. Rescue experiments indicated that downregulation of TXNIP effectively reversed the effect of miR-20b inhibitor in neurons apoptosis after OGD/R-treatment and ischemic brain injury in a mouse model after MCAO/R-treatment. Our study demonstrated that upregulation of miR-20b protected the brain from ischemic brain injury by targeting TXNIP, extending our understanding of miRNAs in cerebral ischemic stroke