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황규영(Hwag Gu-Young) 한국체육과학회 2006 한국체육과학회지 Vol.15 No.4
The purpose of this study was to examine if performance changes were associated with concomitant changes in left and right shoulder kinematic movements. Twenty college students were randomly assigned to either a structured or random practice schedule. Three targets (1.22 m, 2.44 m, and 3.66 m) were used and all participants putted a total of 138 trials. To obtain a kinematic description of left and right shoulder movement, an Optotrack 3020 camera system was used. Random practice individuals showed poorer putting performance during practice period compared to their structured counterparts but exhibited superior performance in retention phase. While the structured practice participants has significantly lower variability in the amplitude in the z-dimension for downswing of left and right shoulders during the practice, the random practice participants showed significantly lower variability in the amplitude of the z-dimension for both backswing and downswing of left and right shoulders during the retention test. This study noted that minimizing instruction for the participants ensured an environment that maximized opportunities for learning regulation. This study also resulted that though initial success is difficult, learning is enhanced because of having to reconstruct appropriate response patterns with each repetition.