韓半島와 東北亞에 있어서 國際體系

許在一 건국대학교 1991 論文集 Vol.32 No.1

Korea remains a divided nation. Its people live on a tightrope, their considerable armed forces confronting each other a 130- mile front. Rivary between the leaderships of the two Koreas has no equal for sustained intensity and bitterness, and dominates all major issue, domestic and foreign. The division of Korea its roots external as well as domestic circumstances. In the past, a high degree of fragmentation in the Korean political system has frequently weakened the country's ability to withstand the incursions of its powerful neighbors. The division of the Korean people is not what the Korean peope wanted but a product of the cold war. This means that relations between the south and north should be settled according to the wishes the Korean people, not by big powers. This situation makes the approach of Korea and North - east Security a difficult one. Efforts to preserve peace in East Asia depend heavily on four major power - China, Japan, the Soviet Union and the United States - come directly into play. My research will therefore ask two main questions : 1) What is needed to keep the peace on the Korean Peninsula? 2) What situations could trigger war? Ultimtely my research seeks to examine the main circumstances and trends which might lead to open conflict and will explore the options for enchancing Korean and East Asian security.

슬라브主義의 政治史的 意義

許在一 건국대학교 1986 政法論叢 Vol.21 No.1

政治的 自由主義 思想에 關한 理論的 考察

許在一 건국대학교 1978 樂圓誌 Vol.13 No.1

朝鮮王朝에 있어서 士禍發生의 政治社會的 背景에 관한 考察

許在一 건국대학교 1980 政法論叢 Vol.15 No.1

周邊情勢의 變化와 韓半島의 平和定着에 관한 硏究

許在一 건국대학교 1990 學術誌 Vol.34 No.1

Korea remains a divided nation. The division of the Korean people is not what the Korean people wanted but a product of the cold war. This means that relations between the South and North should be settled according to the wishes the Korean people, not by major powers. This situation makes the approach of Korea and North-east security a difficult one. Korean reunification is one of the most difficult problems yet to be solved in world politics today. I seek to examine the main circumstances and trends which might lead to open conflict and will explore the options for enhancing Korea and North-eastasian security So, I will concern mainly with the interests, policies and strategies of the Koreas and the four major powers. It will take up also the question of the linkage between the security of North-east and South-asia. This linkage, which was tended to be understated in the past, can be expected to grow. Ultimately, I will examine the reality of the two Korean today, and look at how each Korean state interacts with each other and with the major foreign powers. For example, 1.The Impact of the Sino-Soviet Conflict on the Korean Peninsula 2.Interests and Policies of the Soviet Union and China Toward the Korean Peninsula 3.Soviet and China Perceptions of Korean Peninsula 4.Japan's Policy Toward the North and South Korea 5.U.S. Political-Security Policy Toward the Korean Peninsula The division of the Korean Peninsula given to us as a by-product of tragedy for the Korean people, destroying the same quality natuer of the people in the South and the North of Korea and deepening the heterogeneity between two other political systems. Korea-particularly since 1950-has become a key area of major power interaction. All the major powers in the contemporary international system-the U. S., the Soviet Union, China, and Japan-have significant interests at stake on the Korean peninsula. In terms of those powers' vital strategic interests, the Peninsula is the only area in the world where they interact face to face. In the light of the dynamic relations of the U.S., Japan, China, and the Soviet Union-Four Major Powers interested arounding the Korean Peninsula, we also can not ignore the international political understanding and cooperation.

몽테스큐의 政治思想

許在一 건국대학교 1973 樂圓誌 Vol.8 No.1

革命心理의 理論的 考察

許在一 건국대학교 1973 法經論叢 Vol.1973 No.8

한국 및 아세안의 안보와 미국

허재일 건국대학교 1995 政治論叢 Vol.30 No.-

朝鮮王朝에 있어서 士禍發生의 政治社會的 背景에 관한 考察

許在一 건국대학교 1981 學術誌 Vol.25 No.1

Many theorists and student of the Korea history disagree on the definition of purges of scholar-officials. First of all, I have to delineate the meaning of the purges for explication of the significance of them in Korea traditional politics in this dissertation. The purges of scholar-officials imply political persecution of scholar-officials by the monarch in Yi Dynasty. Sometimes, we all them as Sa-wha (史禍), instead of Sa-wha (士禍), when the political persecution of them has its origin in historical record. The purges in Yi Dynasty are one of the most disgraceful facts in political history in Korea. We have to examine closely the historical fault without reluctance to make it clear in order to get rid of political apathy and negative response of the Korean people toward politics. The purpose of this dissertation are to make the implications of the purges clear and to provide means to change indifferent attitude of Korean people into positive toward politics. The Political and social backgrounds of the great purges are like these : 1.Ideology of national foundation-that is subservience to Myung Dynasty and doctrine of expulsion to Buddhism and adoration for Confucianism. 2.Peculiarity-that is characteristics of political society and characteristics of government structures. The subservience to Myung Dynasty stewed from perfect abandonment of the independent spirit of Yi Dynasty, and even the Yi Dynasty considered it as a part of the powerful Myung Dynasty from the outset. Because of lacking self-reliance, political confusion and disintegration in Yi Dynasty was a matter of course. The such phenomenons were the main reasons of partisan wrangling and political purge. And because the doctrine of explusion to Buddhism and adoration for Confucianism which lost the independent spirit top emphasized the only format logic, the doctrine, at last, precipitated the political society of the Yi Dynasty into the slough. The other important reason of the political chaos in Yi Dynasty was the characteristics of government structures. The principal structures are like these-Sahunbu (an organ for purification of political and social environment), Saganwon (an advisory organ of the king), and Hongmunkwan (an organ for filing the official papers). They were called Samsa (the three organs of government), which checked each other and have the power and the freedom for checking. Although the government and the checking organs, they did not fulfil their functions, and the organs reveresely fulfilled their disfunctions, because of forgetting their own missions. The reverse functions paralized the government business and systematic relations among organs. The chaotic situation in the government made the royal authority losing and sovereign power enfeebled. Therefore, political power ultimately became to be wielded by villainous retainers. The purges of scholar-officials partisan wrangling were the political confusion in the government. Because many people thought that the best way for success was to come into power, and then struggle for power in its society was so severe and desperate that the political disorder spontaneously entailed political factionalism. And also generosity and loose fetaliation to political offender, which was one of the main characteristics in Yi Dynasty, were another reason in the purges of scholar-officials. The economic system was also an important reason in the purges of scholar-officials. The farmland had been the only mean of production and life. Taking government post meant to take a lot of farmland, because the king, who controled the farmland of whole national land, could provide the officials with farmland. Therefore, government officials struggled for power, on the one hand, and for farmland, the other hand. The struggle for power between the factions-new and old scholar-officials-began in the age of King Sung-jong and Yonsangun's reign. On that time, the three organs of government were dominated by new scholar-officials led by Kim Chong-jik, who were favorable to the Confucianism, and Studiousness of the king had a lofty ideal to realize the principle of royalty, which were one of the most important Confucian ideal. Thus the new scholar-officials were patronized by the king. The new faction intionally criticized every mistakes of the old faction so as to eliminate the opposite faction from government under the ages of the king. The old faction which were persecuted by the new faction did not loss an opportunity to take revenge on the new faction. Due to this happening, persons who were severely persecuted were in Sa-hong, Yon Eun-ro, Sin Soo-keun, Yoon Pil-sang, Ro Sa-sin, Liu Za-kwang and so forth. The purges of scholar-officials were spread to their descendants and clique. The two factions had different ideologies, The former venerated Song Confucianism, and the latter metaphysical literature. I can say the struggle between two factions were a conflict between two schools. The great purges of scholar-officials and straggle for power between the new and old faction which had begun in the age of King Sung-jong were substantially aggrevated from the reign of Yonsangun who were outrageous and illiterate. One of 4 great purges was Mu-o Sa-wha in 1498, which the old faction was persecuted by the new faction, because Liu Za-kwang and his friends distorted a historical record of Kim Il-son. The detail of the story was that Kim Chong-jik, the prime minister, had fled to country. His opposition faction accused hint to the king asserting that he had said that, as King Se-jo had killed King Tan-jong, how could the son of the former become a king. This story was believed, and both Kim and many of his friends were seized and beheaded. It was in the tenth year of Yonsangun, in 1504, that Im Sa-hong and Sin Soo-keun secretly informed the detailed story of death and dethronement of his mother to Yonsangun. Hearing the story from them, Yonsangun took revenge against those connected with his mother's death and dethronement immediately upon coming to the throne. Actually, of course, his revenge came in the course of the purge the old faction by the new faction. This is called as Kap-za Sa-wha. It was in the fourteenth year of King Chung-jong, 1519, that the old faction led by Shim Chung, Hong Kyung-ju and their friends purged the new faction which intended to realize the principle of royalty on the basis of Song Confucianism, which the purged new faction was led by the king's teacher, Cho Kwang-jo, called as "The Confucius of Korea". The old faction fabricated the excuse to purge its opposite faction. The purged people of the new faction were junior of Kim Chong-jik, who were leader of its faction. This called as Gi-mio Sa-wha. In 1545 the first year of Myung-Jong, another purge had happened. The purge was called as Eul-sa Sa-wha. This king at his accession was a lad twelve years old and consequently the regency devolved upon his mother. She had a brother, Yun Wun-hyung, who was her equal in daring and intrique. Yun Im the uncle of the deceased King In-jong was holding office at this time. Being the brother of the late king's mother, he formed a natural as well as moral antithesis to the brother of the new king's mother. They could not but be enemies and so the elder banished the younger brogher to the south. From the time when King Chung-jong died the two rival leaders Yun Wun-hyung and Yun Im, the trickster and the statesman, had been wooing fortune for the premiership. The people called Yun Im the "Big Yun" and Yun Wun-hung the "Little Yun". During the short reign of King In-jong the friends of Yun Im had been in power and they had sedulously kept all evil-minded men, including Yun Wun-hyung, out of office. For this reason, it was that when the latter came into power, he found himself at the head of a crowd of malcontents who thirsted first for the seats of office and secondly for the sweets of revenge. The struggle for power between the "Big Yun" and the "Little Yun" were called as Eul-sa Sa-wha. I can sum up the outcomes of analysis on the purges of scholar-officials as the follows : First, the 4 great purges of scholar-officials were severe conflicts between liberalists of the new scholar-officials and conservatives of the old faction for political power. Second, it seems that all the purges were executed by kings and their wives. But the purges were virtually conducted by the old faction or villainous retainers persecuted by the new scholar-officials in government. Third, the people who were incurred by the purges were the new scholar-officials and their supporters on the whole. Fourth, the purges were struggle for power between the new scholar-officials to worship the Myung Confucianism and the conservatives to venerate metaphysical literature. Fifth, scholar-officials both the new and the old factions sacrificed everything necessary for power and for the revenge against the opposite, and were not hesitant to carry out family feud. And finally, Mu-o Sa-wha has similarity with Gi-mio Sa-wha, and Kap-za Sa-wha is similar to Eul-sa Sa-wha.

民主制와 獨裁制의 比較 考察 : 소비에트 獨裁制를 中心으로 Escipecially Dictationship in Soviet

許在一 건국대학교 1977 學術誌 Vol.21 No.1

1.This paper is an attempt to synthesize the interpretations of democracy and dictatorship that expressed by historians and political scientists. I have analyzed the concepts of democracy and clictatorship of them one by one, and come to give a difinition to the concepts of its best. 2.Democnacy patterns (1) Concept of democracy. Democracy is a term which has no "referent" as Carl, Becker once said, "it is a word which connots differents to differents people"ㆍ‥ Thus, the concept of them ocracy, first of all, involves a matter of difinition. For the historical origen of democracy, I have analyzed the concepts of democracy in city state of Athenai. Two way of democracy in the modern state, one way is dictatorship by dialectical matrialism. (Marx and Engeles) The another way is parliamental system. (2) Role of parliamental system. Elector. Political party system. a) The types of political party by A, lawrence, lowell. b) Political party campaign. Election. majority system. proportional representation a) Transferable vote. b) list system. C) Type of compromise. Parliament. 3.Dictatorship patterns, (3) Concept of dictatorship. Various explanations of the concipt of dictatorship are given by many thinkers respectively in different opinion and phases, among which we may find some representative explanations of the following thinkers : Carl, Schmitt. W. F, Hallgarlan Harold, Lasswell. Franz, Neumann. Thus, dictatorship is a kind of regime controlld by a man or a group that wins the political power under the mask, by lawful means or unlawfully and wields it unlimitedly. The types of modern dictatorship a) Revolutinary dictatorship b) Count Revolationary dictatorship (4) Role of dictatorship in Soviet. One party system. Role of proletarian political party. The organization of political system. a) supreme council. b) System of election ill Soviet, 4.Conclusion.