대형 인공댐호이 효율적 수질 감시를 위한 적정 조사 빈도 설정 연구

안광국,홍욱희,최신석 ( Kwang Guk An,Wuk Hee Hong,Shin Suk Choi ) 한국하천호수학회 1995 생태와 환경 Vol.28 No.3

In water quality monitoring practices, frequent water sampling would promise data accuracy but may not be so cost effective. However, less frequent sampling would fail to provide accurate data which represents the exact quality of the water body. Hence, determining appropriate sampling frequencies will be enormously important in terms of data accuracy and cost saving, particularly when the sampled water bodies are of great importance as major water resources . In this study, such determination of sampling frequencies was carried out for the Lake Taechung. Total 13 water quality parameters sampled and analyzed every 2 to 3 days for a year were compared with the data sampled less frequently; once every 7 to 10 days, twice a month, and once a month. While general water quality parameters such as dissolved oxygen, pH, and turbidity were dynamically fluctuated throughout the year, the parameters related to the trophic state such as Secchi depths, total suspended solids, nutrients, and chlorophyll-a showed more distinctive fluctuations during the algal growth season. The effects of summer monsoon were remarkable in most water quality parameters. Based on these findings, it was suggested that during the algal growth season, June to September, at least weekly samplings should be carried out for VSS, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and chlorophyll-a. Nitrate- and ammonia-N, dissolved phosphorus, NVSS and other parameters may be measured twice a month during this season. During non-algal growth seasons, from October to May of the next year, bimonthly samplings were suggested for such parameters as total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and chlorophyll-a Monthly samplings would suffice for all other parameters.

한국 (韓國) 특산종 , 감돌고기의 초기발생에 관한 연구

김재구,홍영표,안광국,최신석 ( Jai Ku Kim,Young Pyo Hong,Kwang Guk An,Shin Suk Choi ) 한국하천호수학회 1991 생태와 환경 Vol.24 No.2

Studies on early embryonic development of Pseudopuntungia nigra were carried out. The mature eggs were spherical in shape, adhesive, 2.2∼2.3 mm in diameter and transparently pinkish in color, whereas the immature eggs were irregular in shape, non-adhesive, and embryonic development did not process even if formation of perivitelline spaces appeared in artificial fertilization. Just after fertilization, yolk sac became shrunk and yolk membranes expanded. Therefore, the size of eggs attained approximately to 2.5 mm. Blastodiscs formed in 1 hours and 20 minutes after fertilization, which divided into 2 cells in 2 hours and 5 minutes after fertilization. Between 11 hours and 30 minutes and 18 hours and 30 minutes after fertilization, blastula and gastrula stages occurred in yolk membranes. Embryonic development began from 22 hours and 55 minutes after fertilization. Blood circulation through the pericardiales cavum occurred in 119 hours after fertilization. About 175 hours and 30 minutes after fertilization, thetransparent two-otoliths in auditory vesicles appeared in 175 hours and 30 minutes after fertilization. Egg-hatching occured in yolk membranes mostly between 7 and 9 days after fertilization. Just hatched larvae were measured 6.8 mm on average in total length, which possess over 32 myomeres in notochord. Two days after hatching, air-bladder formed, and appeared melanophores appeared at first in their caudal fin. Seven days after hatching, larvae showed mouth-opening and liver formation. Eighteen days after hatching, pigment pattern of larvae were the same as those of adults except for the anal fin.

보문 : 한국산 긴몰개 (Squalidus gracilis majimae, Cyprinidae)의 산란 행동

박경서 ( Kyung Seo Park ),홍영표 ( Young Pyo Hong ),최신석 ( Shin Suk Choi ),안광국 ( Kwang Guk An ) 한국하천호수학회(구 한국육수학회) 2005 생태와 환경 Vol.38 No.2

금강의 본류와 지류의 어류상에 관한 비교연구

許英叔,崔信錫 忠南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1984 環境硏究 Vol.2 No.1

In order to analyze the fish distribution of the Geum river and its tributary, the common species, rare species, species richness, and species diversity were studied from May 1980 to May 1982. 1. 52 species in 9 families were collected in the main stream, whereas 32 secies and 8 families in the tributary. Zacco platypus showed the highest value in relative abundance at both the main stream(16.5%) and the tributary (33.8%). The log- normal line of relative abundance in the main stream and the tribuary were all belong to C class. 2. Zacco platypus, Hemibarbus longirostris, Pseudobagrus emarginatus, P sedogobio escinus, Opsarichthys bidens, Paracheilognatus rhombea, Coreleuciscus Splendids and Microphysogobio yaluensis were common species in the main stream. Zacco platypus and Cobitis koreensis were common species in the tributary. 3. In the upper and the middle river, the species diversity, species richness of the main stream were higher than that of the tributary. In the lower river, the species diversity, species richness of the main stream were lower than that of the tributary. 4. It was found that the species diversity was not significantly related the dominance index in the main stream. But the dominance was inversely related to diversity in the tributary. The species diversity was rather high in the main stream, but there was not any apparent dominance species. The species diversity of the tributary was rather low. But it was apparent that there were several dominant species in the the tributary.

금강 상류수계 봉황천 및 주자천의 어류상

문운기,박경서,최신석,홍영표 忠南大學校 環境問題硏究所 2001 環境硏究 Vol.19 No.-

용담댐의 호소화에 의한 어류군집 변화를 알아보기 위하여 2001년 5월부터 8월까지 봉황천과 주자천을 중심으로 어류상 및 어류군집 양상을 조사하였다. 조사 결과 본 지역의 하천형은 Aa, Aa-Bb형이었다. 본 조사에서 6과 17속 19종이 출현하였다. 봉황천에서는 12종 464개체, 주자천에서는 14종 682개체가 채집되었다. 각 하천에서 우점종은 Zacco temmincki, 아우점종은 Zacco platypus이었다. 한국 고유종은 전체 19종 중 10종이었고, 전체 어종수의 52.63%로 매우 높은 비율을 보였다. 종의 다양도는 봉황천에서는 지점 4가, 주자천을 포함한 본류수계에서는 지점 9와 10이 높게 나도, 균등도와 우점도는 각각 0.616, 5.884, 0.482, 0.410이었다. 특히, 댐의 건설에 따라 댐 형성지점에서 Z. platypus와 Opsarlichthys bidens의 집단증가가 주목되었다. Formaing a part of fish community, the fish fauna species composition, and species diversity were investigated in the Bonghwang-Cheon and Juja-Cheon Stream, the upper Kum-Gang River of Korea from May to August in 2001. In the most of sampling area, the type of streams were Aa and Aa - Bb. As a whole, the collected fishes were classified 19 species and 17 genera belonging to six families. Twelve species, 464 individuals in the Bonghwang-Cheon Stream, and 14 species 682 individuals in the Juja-Cheon Stream were collected. In each stream, dominant and subdominant species was Zacco temmincki and Zacco platypus. Ten korean endemic species (52.63) were collected during the sampling period. Diversity(H'), richness(RI), evenness(EI), and dominance index(λ) of the fish communities were 0.616, 5.884, 0.482 and 0.410, respectively. By the means of physical enviroment change by Yongdam Dam construction, increasing of Z. platypus and Opsarichthys bidens population was remarked.

한국산 긴몰개(Squalidus gracilis majime, Cyprinidae)의 난발생

박경서,홍영표,문운기,최신석,안광국 한국육수학회 2005 생태와 환경 Vol.38 No.1

한국산 긴몰개 (Squalidus gracilis majimae)의 난발생 과정을 연구하기 위하여, 긴몰개의 친어와 생태적 조사는 충청남도 보령시에 위치한 보령댐과 웅천천에서 실시하였다. 자연 산란에 의해 수정된 난과 배 발생의 형태학적 설명은 다음과 같이 요약된다. 수정란의 형태는 둥글고, 점착성이 있으며 투명하였고, 수정란의 평균직경은 2.9±0.3 ㎜ (n = 30)였고, 유구가 존재하지 않았으며, 수정란의 발생은 수온 26±1.5℃에서 관찰되었다. 수정 후 20분에 배반이 형성되었으며,48분 뒤 2세포로 나뉘어졌고, 포배기는 수정 후 5시간 40분에 나타났으며, 낭배기는 수정 후 6시간 55분에 관찰되었다. 배체의 형성은 수정 후 12시간 58분부터 시작되었고, 안포와 9개의 체절이 수정 후 17시간 05분에 발견되었다. 수정 후 23시간 30분에 이포가 생겼으며, 25~26개의 체절과 함께 안포안의 렌즈가 수정 후 32시간 35분에 발견되었다. 수정 후 37시간 27분에 뇌의 분화와 함께 배체가 꿈틀거리기 시작했으며, 심장박동과 안포내의 흑색소포가 수정 후 44시간 46분에 발견되었다. 수정 후 50시간 36분 가슴지느러미의 형성과 함께 몸 부분의 흑색소포가 형성되는 것을 끝으로하여 수정 후 57시간 49분에 수정란은 부화되었다. 이때 갓 부화된 자어는 전장이 3.3±0.2 ㎜(n= 120)이었다. 본 연구 결과는 최근 수질오염 및 종 다양성 감소가 시급한 상황에서 종 및 개체군 보존에 기여할 것으로 사료된다. This study was conducted, based on the field survey and laboratory observations, to elucidate egg developmental processes and their characteristics of the Korean slender gudgeon, Squalidus gracilis majimae. For the experiments, the mature adults were collected at the Woongcheon-Cheon Stream and Boreung Reservoir located in Boreung City, Chungnam Province and eggs were obtained from the natural spawning area. Morphological characteristics of the egg and embryonic development were su㎜arized as follows: The shape of the fertilized egg was spherical, adhesive and transparent. The fertilized egg was 2.9±0.3 ㎜ (n = 30) in mean diameter under water temperature of 26 ± 1.5℃, light white in color and had no oil droplets. After 20 minutes from the time of fertilization, a blastodisc was formed and divided into two cells at 48 minutes after fertilization. The blastular stage occurred at 5 hours 40 minutes after fertilization and the gastrular stage was detected at 8 hours 41 minutes after fertilization. The beginning of embryo formation was observed at 12 hours 58 minutes after fertilization and optic vesicles and 9 somites were discovered at 17 hours 05 minutes after fertilization. Differentiation of brains and embryo wiggling were observed at 37 hours 27 minutes after fertilization. Heart beating and the formation of melanophores in optic vesicles were detected at 44 hours 46 minutes after fertilization. The formation of pectoral fins and melanophores in the body were discovered at 50 hours 36 minutes after fertilization. Hatching occurred at 57 hours 49 minutes after fertilization. The newly hatched larvae were 3.3 ±0.2 ㎜ (n = 120) in total length. We believe that these results may contribute the species and population conservations under the situation of accelerated water pollution and the decreases of its diversity.

남한강 상류수계 박대천의 어류상

박경서,문운기,홍영표,최신석 忠南大學校 環境問題硏究所 2001 環境硏究 Vol.19 No.-

남한강 상류 수계, 박대천 일대를 대상으로 2001년 4월부터 9월까지 총 11개 지점을 대상으로 조사하였으며, 종조성, 어류상과 군집 구조를 분석하였다. 총 7과 25속 33종으로 1570개체가 조사 기간동안 확인되었다. 전체 어류군집 중, 잉어과 어류가 24종으로 전체의 72.7%와 1531개체로 전체의 97.5%를 차지하였다. 전체 종에 대해 0.2%보다 적은 종은 L. andersoni, G. brevibraba, A. koreensis, C. rotundicaudata와 S. microdorsalis를 포함한 11종이었다. 박대천 수계에서 우점종은 상대풍부도가 28.66%로 Zacco temmincki가 우점하였고, Zacco platypus (28.28%)와 C. splendidus (12.55%)가 아우점하였다. 박대천의 각 지류에서, Zacco temmincki는 6개 지점에서, Zacco temmincki는 5개 지점에서 우점하였다. 박대천 수계로부터 총 33종 중 6과 14속 18종(54.5%)이 한국고유종이었다. 박대천에서 확인된 어류의 전체 군집 구조를 분석한 결과, 우점도 3.766, 다양도 0.903, 풍부도 10.012, 그리고 균등도는 0.594이었다. Sampes of the Bakdae-Cheon Stream, the upper Namhan-Gang River of Korea were collected at 11 stations from April to September 2001, and analyzed for the species composition, fish fauna, and species diversity. A total of 33 species (1570 individuals) and 25 genera belonging to seven families were collected during the study period. Cyprinid fishes occupied 72.7% of total 24 species and 97.5% of total 1531 individuals, respectively. The rare species which relative abundance is less than 0.2% of all were 1531 individuals, respectively. The rare species which relative abundance is less than 0.2% of all were about 11 species including Liobagrus andersoni, Gobiobotia brevibraba, Acheilognathus koreensis, Cobitis rotundicaudata, and Silurus microdorsalis. Dominant species in the Bakdae-cheon Stream was Zacco temmincki (relative abundance 28.66%), and subdominant species were Zacco platypus (28.28%), and Coreoleuciscus splendidus (12.55%). In each trivutaries of the Bakdae-cheon Stream, Z. temmincki was dominant species at six stations, and Z. platypus was dominant at five stations. Eighteen Species and 14 genera belonging to six families (51.5%) of total 33 species from the Bakdae-cheon Stream were well known as Korean endemic species. The species dominance (λ), diversity (H'), richness (RI), and evenness index (EI) of the fish community were 3.766, 0.903, 10.012, and 0.594, respectively.