픽토그램의 연상 색채에 따른 친숙도와 심미성 평가

최정원(Choi, JungWon),박영경(Park, YungKyung),최경실(Choi, GyoungSil) 한국색채학회 2022 한국색채학회 논문집 Vol.36 No.2

Previous studies have shown that the more familiar the pictogram’s shape is, the more attractive it is. To find out whether these results can be applied to color, this study analyzed the color of pictogram’s familiarity and aesthetics. First, we conducted a pre-questionnaire to evaluate the familiarity of pictograms and to investigate the associated color. Therefore eleven pictograms with high familiarity were selected. Second, those pictograms were divided into two groups, one with six pictograms that associated with specific color, and the other with five pictograms that are not associated with specific color. In this experiment, 13 colors (R, YR, Y, GY, G, BG, B, PB, RP, PK, BK, Wh) were applied to the pictograms, and subjects were asked to select familiar color and aesthetic color separately. The study showed that there is a tendency that familiarity and aesthetics of color tend to appear similar, whether pictograms have associated color or do not have associated color. In the case of pictograms that associated with specific color, the colors can be used to make pictograms more familiar and aesthetic. On the other hand, when pictograms are not associated with specific color, there is a tendency that applying Black rather than chromatic color makes pictograms more familiar and aesthetic. According to these results, if objects of pictograms have associated color, it is recommended to use chromatic color that form association with objects. And if objects of pictograms don’t have associated color, black is recommended.

디지털 미디어 환경에서 KS 기본색명을 통해 인지되는 초점색의 속성 연구

최원정(Choi, WonJung),최경실(Choi, GyoungSil) 한국색채학회 2021 한국색채학회 논문집 Vol.35 No.4

Due to digital transformation, accurate color communication is required even in the digital media environment. Focal colors refer to colors of focal points in color categories, representing names of color. Therefore, the focal color can be used as a reference point for color communication even in the digital media environment. In this study, targeting 60 Korean females, focal colors that fall into KS basic color names have been investigated in digital color space and properties of those focal colors have been analyzed. The findings show that focal colors have perceptually outstanding characteristics with a high degree of chroma and lightness. In addition, the focal color derived through the digital color space showed a much higher chroma characteristic than previous studies using color swatches. There was a high level of agreement among subjects regarding hue of focal colors, while demonstrating a low level of agreement regarding chroma of focal colors. Moreover, distribution patterns of each focal color with basic color names varied in accordance with the color space of Yellow-Red, Green-Yellow, Blue-Green, and Red-Blue; in other words, each color space recognized according to basic color names showed different distribution patterns.

언어 부호화를 통한 기억색의 색채 속성 연구 - 친숙한 자연물을 대상으로

최원정(Choi, WonJung),최경실(Choi, GyoungSil) 한국색채학회 2021 한국색채학회 논문집 Vol.35 No.2

Memory color is a color that is remembered in relation to a familiar object. According to previous studies, memory colors had a higher chroma and lightness than real object colors, and tended to change in the direction of the most impressive chromatic color. The purpose of this study was to investigate the colorimetric properties of the memory colors that were different from the real object color. A preliminary experiment and two main experiment were conducted with a total of 60 women in their 20s and 30s. Through a preliminary experiment, 10 natural objects representing 13 color names, including KS basic color names and sky blue, were selected. In this first experiment, the L, a, b values of the memory colors of 10 natural objects were investigated in a digital color space using a Photoshop color picker. In the second experiment, color names of 10 natural object were investigated by freely describing color names of the objects to be investigated. As a result, the lightness and chroma of the memory colors increased, and the hue tended to reinforce the chromatic color properties. The range of memory colors was reduced compared to the range of real object colors due to the influence of cognitive activity that memorizes the core color characteristics. On the other hand, memory colors of orange, earth and sky were more widely distributed than real object colors. They had a higher response rate to descriptive color names than other objects. It can be estimated whether the difference between object colors and memory colors is due to the mediator effect of focal colors. A focal color is a typical color that best represents a certain color category.

기후환경과 방송영상색채의 상관관계 연구

최원정(Wonjung Choi),최경실(Gyoungsil Choi) 한국색채학회 2011 한국색채학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.5

색채감성은 글로벌 시대의 마케팅 차별화 전략의 일환으로써 제품의 성패를 좌우하기도 한다. 현지 소비자들의 색채 선호 경향에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 적용되는 컬러마케팅의 활용분야는 패션, 제품뿐 아니라 영상분야까지 확대될 수 있다. 개인이나 집단별 색채감성의 차이는 지역, 민족, 연령, 성별, 소득, 교양수준등에 기인하는데, 본 연구에서는 자연 환경적 요인이 색채선호를 유발한다는 ‘색채기호의 지역설’에 근거해 지역별 기후환경과 방송영상색채의 상관관계에 대해 살펴보고자 한다. 연구를 통해 얻어진 지역별 영상색채 경향은 방송, 영화 및 영상 관련 업계의 해외 영상콘텐츠 제작시 응용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

인지특성을 고려한 선호 재현색 연구

최원정(WonJung Choi),최경실(GyoungSil Choi) 한국색채학회 2014 한국색채학회 논문집 Vol.28 No.2

휴대성이 높은 스마트폰의 대중화로 스마트폰 카메라가 디지털 카메라를 대체하고 있는 가운데 카메라 기능은 스마트폰 선택의 중요한 기준이 되고 있다. 스마트폰 카메라를 이용한 촬영물은 스마트폰의 디스플레이를 통해 바로 확인하는 경향이 높기 때문에 화질 만족도는 매우 중요한 이슈가 된다. 따라서 이미지의 입출력 과정이 동시에 일어나는 스마트폰에 의해 생성된 소프트카피의 인지적인 화질 만족도를 향상시킬 필요가 있다. 선행 연구들에 의하면 사진의 수정과 감상에 있어 결정적인 역할을 하는 자연물의 기억색은 화질 만족도에 우선적으로 영향을 미치는 선호적 속성 중 하나이다. 또한 기기의 색재현력은 화질 선호도와 가장 상관관계가 높은 변수로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 스마트폰 카메라를 통해 입력된 하늘색의 색자극이 디스플레이를 통해 출력되었을 때, 사용자의 인지적 특성 중 하늘에 대한 기억색이 하늘의 재현색 평가에 미치는 영향을 분석하였으며, 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 하늘에 대한 기억색은 실제색보다 명도가 높고, 채도가 높거나 동일한 특성을 보였다. 둘째, 하늘에 대한 기기의 재현색과 사용자의 기억색이 유사할수록 재현된 하늘색의 선호도가 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 실제색과 가장 유사한 색재현이 지각적으로 최적화된 색재현으로 평가되지는 않았다. 넷째, 현재 사용 중인 기기에서 경험된 하늘 재현색과 유사하게 재현된 하늘색 이미지에 대해 더 긍정적으로 반응했으며, 이는 반복적인 단순노출효과의 영향인 것으로 사료된다. 마지막으로 평가 도구로 사용된 3개의 스마트폰에서 입출력 과정을 거친 하늘 재현색에 대한 선호 차이는 유의미한 것으로 나타났다. The function of camera is becoming the important standard for the selection of smartphone amid the smartphone camera is replacing the digital camera due to the popularization of high portable smartphone. The level of satisfaction for the Image Quality is becoming the substantially important issue because the filming object using the smartphone camera has a high tendency to be identified rightly through the display of smartphone. Therefore, there is the necessity to improve the level of cognitive satisfaction for the Image Quality of soft copy created by the smartphone simultaneous with the input and output process. According to preceding studies, the memory color of natural object playing a decisive role in the correction and the appreciation of photograph is one of the preferential attributes effecting preferentially on the level of satisfaction for the Image Quality. Also, the color reproduction of equipment appeared to be the variable of highest correlation with the preference of Image Quality. Therefore, When the color stimulus of sky color pass through input-output process of smartphone, the effect of memory color for the sky of cognitive characteristic of users on the evaluation of reproduced color has been analyzed in this study, the study result is as follows: First, the memory color for the sky showed the characteristic of higher lightness and higher or equal saturation compared to the real color. Second, the preference of reproduced sky color appeared high as the reproduced color of equipment for the sky is similar to the memory color of user. Third, the most similar color reproduction to the real color is not evaluated to be the perceptually optimal color reproduction. Fourth, it reacted more positively for the sky color image reproduced similarly to the reproduced color experienced in the equipment in use currently; this is thought to be the repeated mere exposure effect. Finally, the difference of preference for the reproduced color of sky through the process of input and output in 3 smartphones used as the evaluation tool appeared to be significant.

색각이상자를 고려한 교통안전표지판 배색 제안

이희진(Heejin Lee),최경실(Gyoungsil Choi) 한국색채학회 2010 한국색채학회 학술대회 Vol.2010 No.1

유니버설 디자인(Universal Design)이란, 장애의 유무에 관계없이 누구나 사용에 차별이 없고 편리한 디자인을 의미하는 용어로, 선진국을 중심으로 점차 보편화되어 가고 있다. 국내에서도 공공디자인을 하는데 있어서 유니버설디자인 개념의 적용을 점차 확대시켜가고 있는 추세이다. 노인, 임산부, 장애를 겪고 있는 사람, 그리고 일반인까지 모든 사람들의 사용이 편리한 디자인은 쉽게 볼 수 있으나, 대부분의 디자인이 색각이상자를 위한 시각적 배려는 못하고 있는 실정이다. 미국, 영국, 일본과 같이 복지가 잘 되어있는 나라에서는 공공디자인을 하는 디자이너의 경우 색각이상자를 배려하여 색채디자인을 하는 것이 의무화 되어 있어 국내에서도 이러한 의무화 도입이 적극적으로 요구된다. 국내의 선행 연구에서는 색각이상자를 위한 컬러개선에 대한 내용을 다루고 있으나 구체적인 배색의 제안이 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 색각이상자들이 겪는 문제점을 분석하여 그들에 대한 이해를 돕고 색각이상자를 배려한 교통안전표지판 배색을 제시하고자 한다.

실내 구성 요소별 마감재 색채 및 재질 이미지 연구

민지혜(JiHae Min),최경실(GyoungSil Choi) 한국색채학회 2014 한국색채학회 논문집 Vol.28 No.4

최근 서비스디자인이 부각되면서 사용자, 사용자의 경험, 생각 등이 매우 중요한 디자인 자료로 다뤄지고 있다. 이러한 흐름에 맞추어, 실내디자인 분야에서도 실내마감재 선택 및 적용이 공간의 주체인 사용자 중심으로 이루어져야 한다. 실내디자인에 관한 소비자의 욕구와 관심은 나날이 높아지고 있기 때문에, 소비자가 기대하는 실내디자인 스타일을 보여줄 수 있어야 하고, 이를 위해서는 실내마감재에 대한 소비자의 인식을 확인할 필요가 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 마감재에 관한 실험을 진행하여 실내마감재에 대한 사용자의 감성을 파악하고자 하였고, 다음과 같은 결과를 도출하였다. 첫째, 벽지에 대한 이미지는 색상이나 명도 등의 한 가지 변수에 영향을 받는 것이 아니라, 색상과 명도의 영향을 함께 받아 형성된다는 것을 확인하였다. 둘째, 바닥 마감재는 마감재의 재질에 따라 색상, 명도의 영향을 받는 실내디자인 스타일 유형이 나뉘어졌다. 목재 색상의 영향을 받는 것은 모던 유형, 내추럴 유형이고, 명도의 영향을 받는 것은 클래식 유형, 로맨틱 유형이다. 석재의 색상은 모던 유형, 명도는 내추럴 유형과 관계가 있다. 셋째, 직물 마감재는 색상, 명도, 채도 등의 색채의 영향을 크게 받는 마감재와 재질의 영향을 크게 받는 마감재가 있다. 직물 색채의 영향을 받는 대표적인 유형은 모던 유형이다. 직물 재질의 영향으로 린넨과 실크는 내추럴 유형, 가죽은 모던 유형에 적합하다. 이와 같이, 실내마감재의 이미지는 색채와 재질 모두 영향을 받아 결정되기 때문에, 어떤 한 가지 요소로만 이미지를 평가할 수 없고, 색채와 재질이 동시에 고려되어야 할 것이다. 본 연구 결과를 선행연구와 비교 분석한 결과, 부분적으로 차이가 나타난다. 문헌 및 사례 조사 등을 분석하여 정리한 선행연구 방법과 사용자에게 실내마감재에 대한 감성이미지 유형을 직접 확인한 본 연구의 방법이 다르기 때문에 결과에서도 차이가 발생하는 것으로 판단된다. Recently, with emphasis on service design, users, their experience and idea are being treated as a very important design data. Going with such a current, interior design has to be also centered on users, a subject of the space when selecting and applying interior finishing materials. Since consumers" needs for and interest in interior design increase rapidly, interior design style consumers expect has to be presented, identifying their recognition on interior finishing materials. So, this study aimed at understanding users" sensibility to interior finishing materials and derived results as follows. Firstly, it showed that the image of wallpaper is created under the influence of hue and lightness together not just one element of either hue or lightness. Secondly, it showed that types of interior design style influenced by hue or lightness are divided according to texture of flooring materials. Regarding of wood, natural and modern type are influenced by hue while classic and romantic type are influenced by lightness. Regarding stone, modern type is influenced by hue while natural type is influenced by lightness. Thirdly, it showed that fabric finishing materials are divided into ones greatly influenced by color including a hue, lightness and chroma, and ones by texture. Modern type is the major one influenced by fabric color. Linen and silk are suitable for natural type while leather is suitable for modern one due to the influence of fabric texture. As a result, it should be considered by both color and texture of finishing material which cannot be evaluated by only one element because the image of finishing material is determined under the influence of both color and material. After the comparison with the precedent study"s, the result of the research shows some differences from it partially due to the different method of studies. Since this study has been resulted by the data of confirming the emotional image type of users on the interior finish material while the precedent one resulted by the references and case studies.

노방소재의 중첩에 따른 색채감성이미지 분석

황진아(JinAh Hwang),최경실(GyoungSil Choi) 한국색채학회 2016 한국색채학회 학술대회 Vol.2016 No.5

패션 색채 기획을 위한 트렌드 색채 예측정보의 실제적 활용 경향성

임진희(Lim JinHee),최경실(Choi, GyoungSil) 한국색채학회 2018 한국색채학회 논문집 Vol.32 No.4

The purpose of this study is that trend forecast and actual color usage tendency by hue & tone, and trend forecast and actual color utilization tendency by respondent. A survey was conducted to examine the impact of color trend forecast and trend actual colors and the characteristics it applies to. The survey data were reviewed from the perspective below. The survey was analyzed not as a statistical method, but as a method of study for the detailed analysis of individual answers. NCS SYTEM was used for surveys and data analysis and trend information was referenced to the 15/16FW color of the Premiere Vision Paris. The conclusion is as follows: First, trend color in hue area, especially Blue, has increased utilization and Yellow has been found to be less utilized. While the question had a high distribution of white & pale and uncharacteristic, the respondents indicated a high distribution of dark-grey and grey. Third, trend tone information tends to be internalized and utilized by individuals. In tone, more responses were chosen in tone areas that were not similar to those presented in the forecast color. Each subject was subject to a specific area. The use of trend information tended to be more frequent in tone information than in color. Fourth, tone information tends to be internalized by individuals in a certain range of chromaticness. Both the group that chooses tones from a certain small range and the group that chooses from a comparatively diverse range tended to internalized by individuals. The subjects who chose tone in a certain small area were strongly internalized by selecting color from a certain chromaticness, and groups selected in a comparatively diverse range were not selecting a specific range of chromaticness. The study identified that trend color information tend to internalizing in tone. Therefore, it is necessary to study the general trend utilization methodology by expanding the study subjects and seasons in subsequent studies.

색의 삼속성에 의한 도자 타일의 색채 감성 평가 연구

이지현(Lee, JiHyun),최경실(Choi, GyoungSil) 한국색채학회 2016 한국색채학회 논문집 Vol.30 No.3

This study analyses the users" emotional responses toward the color of ceramic tiles, and suggests the appropriate finishing materials for interior design based on the analysis results. This study scrutinized the sorts and the using of ceramic tiles as finishing materials, and analysed the emotional expression characteristics by investigating emotional words of ceramic tile colors. The research carried on analysing ceramic tiles samples based on three attributes and analysing emotional images according to its image words. The study results showed that the high lightness has the highest image of ‘soft’ whereas mid-low lightness and low colorfulness has the highest image of ‘solid’. In the cases of YR, Y, GY and B, the image of ‘soft’ is the highest emotional response. In the case of R, both ‘splendid’ and ‘decorative’ are highest regardless of its lightness and colorfulness whereas both ‘simple’ and ‘comfortable’ are lowest. This results proved that R is not affected by its lightness and colorfulness. On the other hand, B is heavily affected by its lightness as ‘clean’ is highest in high lightness while ‘clean’ is lowest in mid-lightness. In the case of GY, ‘soft’ is highest and ‘solid’ is lowest in high colorfulness(5GY 7/10), while ‘solid’ is highest and ‘splendid’ is lowest in low colorfulness(3.75GY 2/2). This result shows that GY is heavily affected by its colorfulness. In the case of PB, ‘artificial’, ‘modern’ and ‘solid’ are highest regardless of its lightness and colorfulness, which proved that PB is not affected by its lightness and colorfulness. Also, R, GY, PB, N2 and N1.5 in low lightness are commonly high in ‘solid’.