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지하용,박재용 한국인구학회 1988 한국인구학 Vol.11 No.2
The purpose of this study was to find out the factors affecting birth sex ratio which had revealed alarmingly higher in recent years. This study was conducted to get hold of the basic data such as the sex ratio of live births which had been delivered at 5 general hospitals in Taegu from 1982 to 1986. And author chose Dongsan Medical Center from those 5 hospitals for further detailed study, and reviewed 1,286 medical records of mothers who had birth in each February and March from 1984 to 1987. Of these 1,286 deliveries, 30 cases were twin deliveries, which added the total children numbers to 1,316. The findings of this study were as follows: The average of birth sex ratio( 114.5) for 5 years at five general hospitals in Taegu was slightly higher than the traditional birth sex ratio( 102-107) and the highest was 123.4 in 1985. There was no significant difference in birth sex ratio by mother's educational level, her religion nor father's occupation. The birth sex ratio of the cases whose mother was above 35 years old was significantly high(400.0), that of the cases who were born to the mothers who had more than 3rd parity was significantly high(309.5), and that of the cases whose mother had more than two daughters and no son was also significantly high (330.7). The birth sex ratio of the cases who did not have ultrasonogram on their prenatal visits was 87.8. In contrast to this, that of the cases who had ultrasonogram was significantly higher( 135.5). Of the mothers who have more than two daughters and no son' 80.4% (45 cases) had ultrasonogram and their newborn's birth sex ratio was significantly high(542.9). Of the cases who were born to more than 3rd parity mothers, 75.6%(65 cases) of their mothers had ultrasonogram and their sex ratio was significantly high(441.6). It was revealed by this study that the birth sex ratio is changed to significantly high due to sex confirmation of the fetus by ultrasonogram. Thus it is recommended that the value related to having equality of sexes must be ingrained by changing the various social systems and value systems which is now aggrevating the son preference and should provide controlling system which can prohibit the ultrasonogram for sex confirmation only.
중도·중복장애 아동에 대한 ‘정동적(精動的) 의사소통 평가(ACA)’ 실행연구
지하나(Hana Ji),이숙정(Sukjeong Rhie) 한독교육학회 2014 교육의 이론과 실천 Vol.19 No.1
본 연구에서는 중도·중복장애 아동과의 의사소통 뿐 아니라 의사소통에 대한 진단 및 중재의 어려움을 인식하고, 이들에 대한 의사소통 평가를 진단-사정-평가를 아우르는‘정동적 의사소통 평가(Affective Communication Assessment: ACA)’를 통해 실시하였다. 특히 실행연구를 통해 ACA의 과정적 특성 및 의사소통 범주를 파악한 결과, ACA의 계획, 실행, 관찰, 반성 과정을 거쳐 중도·중복장애 아동의 의사 소통 행동을 포괄적, 확장적으로 포착할 수 있다. ACA의 관찰 단계에서는 주로 신체, 정서적 차원에서 드러나는 중도·중복장애 아동의 정동적 의사소통 행동 레퍼토리와 범주를 포착하였고, 확인단계에서는 아동이 보인 다양한 정동적 의사소통 행동을 재확인하고, 이에 기반을 둔 중재 단계에서는 아동의 잠재적 의사소통 행동을 바탕으로 적절한 교육적 지원을 실행한 결과 아동의 의사소통 행동이 확장됨을 알수 있었다. 나아가 대상자와의 원활한 의사소통 진단 및 중재를 위해 의사소통 파트너의 세심한 관찰과 응답의 필요성과 추후 포괄적 평가와의 연계성을 논의하였다 The children with severe and multiple disabilities have difficulties of communication and learning activities. The purpose of this study is to expose the consistent communication repertories of children with severe and multiple disabilities by applying of Affective Communication Assessment (ACA) and to expand communication possibilities between child and their communication partner. One child with severe and multiple disabilities participated in this study. Major results are summed up as follows: First, it was important to figure out her communication repertories sensitively. For this, we applied ACA that figure out early communication repertories. Second, we found out her potential communication repertories in observation stage. These were identified again and realized their meaning in identification stage. In intervention stage, by extending existing repertories and capitalizing on new behaviors, we feel it is possible to generalize and shape the affective communication toward intentional signaling. For these result, we realized that communication partners should communicate highly sensitive and reactive with children with severe and multiple disabilities.