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      • 隣接한 表面龜裂의 干涉效果에 관한 硏究(Ⅰ) : 2個의 左右對稱 表面龜裂 Collinear Twin Surface Cracks

        曺永鎭,梁源鎬 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1992 論文集 Vol.43 No.1

        Surface cracks are common problems in industrial structures. However, little study has been carried out about these cracks because of the complexity of experimental variables and the difficulty of numerical analysis. In this study, the interaction effect of adjacent surface cracks in a finite plate was analyzed by 3-dimensional finite element method. Mode I stress intensity factors were calculated by using crack opening displacement (COD) method proposed by Ingraffea and Mann. Finite element models were composed of quarter-point singular elements around the crack front and quadratic isoparametric elements of elsewhere. Numerical analysis of single surface crack in plate was followed by a study on collinear twin surface cracks in plate. And following results are obtained. 1) The S.I.F. K_I values of collinear twin surface cracks are greater than that of single surface crack. 2) At the far side of the crack front(2Ø/π = 0∼1.0), the interaction effect is negligible. And at the near side of the crack front(2Ø/π = 1.0∼2.0) the interaction correction factor(4) is increased with increase of the crack aspect ratio(a/b) and with decrease of the crack spacing ratio(d/b). 3) At the nearest point(π/Ø = 2.0), the interaction factor(r) represents the highest value. And when the crack spacing ratio(d/b) is less than 0.4, the interaction effect is appeared remarkably.

      • 隣接한 表面龜裂의 干涉效果에 관한 硏究(Ⅱ) : 2個의 上下平行 表面龜裂 Two Parallel Surface Cracks

        曺永鎭,梁源鎬 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1992 論文集 Vol.43 No.2

        A study on the interaction effect of two parallel surface cracks in a plate was performed. The stress intensity factor K_I of adjacent surface cracks in a finite plate was analyzed by 3-dimenional finite element method. Mode I stress intensity factors were calculated by using crack opening displacement (COD) method proposed by Ingraffea and Manu. A mesh of 20-node quadratic isoparametric elements was used in this study. In order to satisfy the crack tip singularity, 15-node quarter point singular elements were arranged near the crack front region. And following conclusions are made. 1) When the spacing ratio(c/d) is greater than 1.5, the interaction of the two parallel surface cracks in a plate can be neglected. 2) The interaction effect has no relation with the location of the crack front. 3) When the crack spacing ratio(c/d) is smaller than 1.5, the interaction factor r* is rapidly decreased with decrease of the spacing ratio(c/d), and the decreasing rate of interaction factor r* is increased with increase of the crack aspect ratio(a/b).

      • 전치부 치조골 폭경과 안면 골격 형태의 상관성에 관한 연구

        조영진,김상철 원광대학교 생체재료·매식연구소 1998 원광생체재료·매식 Vol.7 No.1

        Delineating the limits of orthodontic treatment in adults is important when planning treatment especially in borderline orthodontic-surgical cases. The labial and lingual cortical plates at the level of the incisor apex may represent the anatomic limits of tooth movement. Cephalometric films of 180 adults were measured to determine the width of alveolar bone anterior and posterior to the incisor apex in each arch. The variables were statistically analyzed to compare the difference in accordance to skeletal patterns. The results were as follows: 1. Thin alveolar widths were found lingual to the mandibular incisors in Class Ⅲ groups. 2. Thin alveolar widths were also found both labial and lingual to the mandibular and maxillary incisors in groups of high SN-MP angle individuals. 3. Norms for alveolar width in the Class I average group were presented.

      • POE Formula를 이용한 모듈러 로봇 좌표독립 모델링

        조영진,여인철,김영탁,안영명 중앙대학교 생산공학연구소 1999 생산공학연구소 논문집 Vol.8 No.2

        모듈러 로봇은 우주, 건설산업, 원자력발전 및 여러 소비제품 생산분야에서 이미 오래 전부터 채용되어온 모듈러의 개념을 로봇에 적용한 것이다. 미리 규격화된 모듈을 응용작업 대상에 따라 효과적인 로봇구조로 조립하므로써 작업효율이 높은 로봇을 구성할 수 있게 한다. 따라서 모듈러로봇은 미리 정해진 한가지 로봇구조를 가지고 있지 않으며 더불어 관절간의 관계인 링크 파라미터도 정해져 있지 않다. 즉 로봇의 구조가 결정되어야 비로소 링크파라미터가 결정된다. 로봇구조에 따라 링크파마미터가 다르게 되고 모델링도 달라지는데 로봇제어를 위해서 그 때 마다 모델링을 해야 하는 것은 매우 번거롭고 시간과 노력을 요하는 일이다. 따라서 로봇구조에 상관없이 자동적으로 모델링이 가능한 수법의 개발이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 로봇의 모델링 기법으로써 계산량이나 컴팩트한 형태 때문에 최근에 많은 주목을 받고 있는 POE formula를 모듈러 로봇에 적용하여 로봇의 구조가 바뀌더라도 자동으로 모델링이 될 수 있는 방법에 대해 기술한다. Modularity in robotics is an extension of the general concept of modular system design which has been previously used in many areas as diverse as space applications, construction industry, nuclear power plants, and many consumer products. Modularity offers quick assembly of pre-constructed modules into robots which may have different kinematic configuration as given tasks. Thus modular robots have no pre-defined link and joint parameters, i.e., the link lengths, offsets, and joint twists. The kinematic model of a modular robot will be established only when its assembly configuration is determined. Therefore, a configuration independent kinematic and dynamic modeling techniques are necessary for the modular robots. In this paper, the configuration independent kinematic and dynamic modeling techniques for the modular robot is described. Product of exponentials (POE) formula is used for the modeling.

      • KCI등재

        확률과정에 기초한 ERAM 이론의 재해석 및 검증

        최재필,조형규,최현철,조영진 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.20 No.11

        ERAM theory is an analytical tool for spatial configuration of architectural and urban spaces such as Space Syntax model. In this study, we tried (1) to reinterpret ERAM theory in terms of Markov process which is a kind of stochastic process and (2) to compare ERAM theory with Space Syntax model using pedestrian movement data. Besides, a new quantitative index ERAM and ERAM(r) for the spatial attribute is suggested. The results of the study include the followings. From the reinterpretation of ERAM theory, it can be said that ERAM theory is well compatible with stochastic process. From the comparison of integration and ERAM, it can be said that ERAM reflects the spatial configuration better than integration. Therefore, ERAM analysis can be used as a powerful tool for predicting accessibility of architectural and urban spaces.

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