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      • NATIVE SON에 있어서의 BIGGER THOMAS의 生活 環境에 對한 心的 葛藤

        鄭燦珪 진주산업대학교 1978 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

        Richard Wright asserts that there are two worlds in Dixie- the white world and the black world, and they are physically separated. There are white schools and black schools, white churches and black churches, white business and black business, white graveyards and black graveyards, and, for all he knows, a white God and a black God. Bigger Thomas in Wright's Native Son, a negro boy of 20 grown in such surroundings murders Mary Dalton, his employer's only daughter accidentally and successively his negro lover, Bessie for his self-protection from the accidental homicide crime. Thus Richard Wright makes use of criminality as his chief dramatic device in Native Son, and the crime is the natural and inevitable product of a warped society like in An American Tragedy in particular which seems to have been a model for Native Son, which he adopts art-as-weapon in the fight for their liberation and equality.

      • The Mark Twain-Stephen Crane-Ernest Hemingway School

        鄭燦珪 진주산업대학교 1976 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

        Ernest Hemingway said that “all modern American literature comes from one book by Mark Twain called Huckleberry Finn". And Robert Wooster Stallman also said, “Modern American literature has its beginnings in Mark Twain and Stephen Crane" Hereupon hypothesizing a Mark Twain-Stephen Crane-Ernest Hemingway school in modern American literature, I investigated the related writers' cross influences one after another, comparing their common careers and resemblances in their theme, techniques:styles, symbolism, etc. with one another's. Thus I tried to testify the reasons why and how the above three novelists have correlationship and influences one another whose influences are still prevailing among even the present-day novelists called the terse, laconic school.

      • SCOPUSKCI등재
      • 흑인종의 모세, Booker T. Washington

        정찬규 진주산업대학교 1979 論文集 Vol.17 No.-

        Booker T. Washington born to slavery between a Negro cook for the slaves working at a plantation, Virginia, and a nearby whiteman whose exact name was not clarified in 1858 or 1859, outgrew from his slavery with an impassioned desire to learn, acquired his own education with serious efforts, won his surroundings' confidence with his diligence and faithfulness, received recognition of his superb ability, got the whites' sympathy and co-operation with his self-sacrificing services to help others and a modest compromise against the whites' discrimination, brought substantial emancipation based on intelligence and economy through indispensable education for their fundamental necessity for the social promotion of the black people after the legal emancipation, and became a famous Negro Moses not only within the U.S.A. but throughout the world.

      • Hawthorne의 藝術論에 關한 小考

        鄭燦珪 진주산업대학교 1971 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

        Although Nathaniel Hawthorne produced comparatively little in a lifetime devote almost entirely to writing there can be no doubt that he devoted deep and serious reflection to the problems and techniques of fiction-writing. Though his ideas on the aethetics of fiction are to be found in a fragmentary form in his novels, prefaces, and tales, it appears that Hawthorne's ideas in art, disjointed as they may seem to be, do in reality form a meaningful pattern and a consistent point of view. Hawthorne experimented extensively with literary forms and techniques, trying out a wide variety of possible modes ranging from the whimsical, the legendary, and the allegorical to the panoramic, the pictorial, and the dramatic. The significant points of his ideas extracted from the fragmentary pieces appeared in his works are summarized as follows: 1. Hawthorne believed that literature should be based upon reality. 2. Hawthorne believed that in art the process of idealization was not only legitimate but abso lutely indispensible. 3. Indealized or spiritual reality is not less but more real than material reality: the "poet's ideal" is the "truest truth." 4. The novel is presented to aim at a very minute fidelity of man's experience. The romance, on the other hand, has a certain latitude, both as to its fashion and material, it has fairly a righ to present the truth under circumstances of the writer's own choosing or creation. 5. The process of creation is for Hawthorne an intuitive rather than intellectual process. 6. Hawthorne believed that the world of art was autonomous, subject to no laws except its own. 7. Since the most finished work of art is but an imperfect copy of the artist's vision, the vision itself is much more precious than the physical form in which it is embodied.

      • WILLA CATHER의 鄕愁 : My Antonia를 中心으로 Concentrating on My Antonia

        鄭燦珪 진주산업대학교 1980 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

        Willa Cather, novelist of the Prairie, presents My Antonia, the most autobiographical of her Nebraska novels, in the form of a memoir written by a New York lawyer, Jim Burden, more than 20 years after his boy­hood association with Antonia Shimerda, daughter of a Czech family that has immigrated from Bohemia to a farm in Nebraska. The story is not a common love story, but on the whole reminiscences of the past times, past glories,past joys and past tragedies between the Burdens and the Shimerdas, concentrat ing on Jim Burden, an orphan boy, and Antonia Shimerda, four years senior to him. Hence this story could be interpreted as a phase of the concrete and detailed inside history of Americanism, how the melting pot had spontaneously molded the various immigrants' nostalgia into Americanism without forcing them to desert their original nostalgia for their respective native lands. On the other hand the vicissitudes of her life also symbolize the procession of the United States' development.

      • Theodore Dreiser의 作品을 通한 社會發展을 위한 提訴

        鄭燦珪 진주산업대학교 1977 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

        Born in Indiana in 1871 of German-Catholic parentage and brought up in the family background which was a series of exposures to poverty, emotional instability, and religious bigotry in the home, and blighted by misery and humilation in the late nineteenth century in America, Theodore Dreiser was one of the few novelists who had written their own experience into their novels with so little transposition. And life in America, as he knew it, was absorbing but also ruthlessly rough, and often nasty. He was as fascinated by what goes on in back streets and alleys, away from the glare and glitter, as by the lives of the wealthy under the bright lights. Hence most of his pieces-particularly An American Tragedy, his masterpiece, show an alertness to the picturesque, especially as it emerges from a drab background, -Clyde Griffiths, the young hero, is guilty, then the whole American society is also guilty.

      • Stephen Crane의 創作方法에 있어서의 二元性

        鄭燦珪 진주산업대학교 1975 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

        Stephen Crane is the herald of the twentieth-century revolution in American 1iterature as the writer of the first complete1y naturalistic novel, Maggie: A Girl of the Streets and the first example of modern American impressionism, The Red Badge of Courage dealing with slums, prostitution, alcholism, vice, poverty, crime, and other unpleasant subjects, and portraying war realistically from the view-point of the individual soldier with a wholy imaginary construction, since the author had never been in any military engagement which were associated with the hard boiled schoo1 of naturalism. Crane's two greatest works-Tha Red Badge of Courage and The Open Boat-represent two opposite methods of creation: from imagined experience and from actual experience.On the contrary to his theory that the artist can write about life only after first experiencing it, Crane reproduced the immediacies of battle in The Red Badge of Courage long before he had seen and suffered actual shellfire, while the single marve1 he wrung from personal experience was The Open Boat, and the marve1 of it is that he manipulated the who1e experience into art without altering the facts. My interest in his methods of creation is concentrated on what kinds of sources and how his imaginations were conceived: his imaginations were derived from the reproductive imaginations of conversations with veterans of the Civil War, readings-the Bib1e, Bierce, Kipling, Poe, Twain, Tolstoyl, the four vo1umes of Battles and Leaders of the Civil War written almost exclusive1y by veterans Colone1 Hinman's Si Klegg, andothers-and in what he inherited from experiences on the diamond and on the gridiron, mixed with creative imaginations.

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