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李璜雨 東國大學校 1977 論文集 Vol.16 No.-
In the police field information about crime and criminals is generally known as crime analysis. It is aligned with the prevention of crime and the use of available resources of patrol and investigative personnel. The crimes which are reported to the police and recorded by the police are designated "crimes known to the police". These statistics are an inadequate index of the ture crime rate. Even within a single police depaqrtment, many crimes are "lost" between recoding and arrest, he exact number varying with the honesty and effeciency of the police department and with the policy regarding handling cases informally, with actual arrest. There are several examples of evidence for this assertion. 1) The number of crimes known to the police is certainly much smaller than the number actually committed. 2) The value of crimes known to the police as an index of crime is sparply limited by the fact that the ratio of crimes committed to crimes reported and recorded varies according to offense. 3) Variations in the criminal law may affect the volume of crimes known to the police, reducing the value of the index for comparative purposes. It is the purpose of this paper to develop patterns of criminal behavicor or of a tpye of crime in order to project its likely future happening as to time, place, and victim. One common criminological method is the determnination of the correlation between arrests or convictions and certain specific personality traits or environmental conditions. From this point of view, this paper is indicated by the crime statistics as follows: 1. The number of crimes known to the police decreased from 548, 120 to 504, 630 between 1967 and 1976. But violent crimes greatly increased in the same period. 2. The rate of arrest of males is about ten times the rate of arrest for females. 3. The age of maximum convictions for indictable crimes is ranging from 20 to 25. 4. The rate of psychoses, psychoneuroses, feeblemindedness, psychopathy is reported to be about 0.1 percent. 5. In economic level of criminals lower homes are 90.4 percent of the all offenders. 6. In 1976, the rate of arrest of the noneducated and primary school is about 50.7 percent. 7. The rate of arrest of the agriculture-commerce industry is about 33.9 percent. On the other hand, no job is about 19.8 percent. 8. In 1976, the rate of crimes known to the police varied from 32.8 in towns of less than 50,000 population to 67.2 in cities of over 50,000.
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이황우,남형수 동국대학교 사회과학연구원 2008 사회과학연구 Vol.15 No.1
Although the South Korean government has for a long time exerted to prevent and control corruption of public officials, it seems still pervasive in South Korea. The corruption scandals of the police are also considered a part of this social problem. For example, the extent of police corruption cases has been reduced since the National Police Agency in South Korea vigorously implemented anti-corruption policies and attempted to clean its organization. However, it is seemed that police corruption still remains in the particular divisions in a police department, such as investigation bureau, order maintenance team, and so forth, in which the officers frequently make contacts with citizens in a daily manner. For citizens, police corruption is perceived as a barometer of corruption of public officials since the police department is a frontline entity of law enforcement agencies. Police corruption undermines police accountability and legitimacy of law and authority. In order to enhance citizens' confidence of the police, it is inevitable to establish effective policies and measures to prevent police corruption. This study, by comparing diverse anti-corruption policies of the police across countries, aims to suggest a new systemic control model of police corruption 1) enhancing the education of police ethics, 2) improving police culture, 3) encouraging self-cleaning activities by a practical evaluation, 4) considering the settlement of systemic innovation, 5) establishing an anti-corruption system, and 6) encouraging citizen participation. 정부에서는 그동안 공직부패 척결을 위하여 범정부차원에서 다양한 정책적 노력을 기울여 왔으나 여전히 부패가 만연한 나라라는 오명을 벗지 못하고 있다. 경찰도 예외는 아니라서 강력한 부패근절방안과 조직 차원의 지속적인 자정노력으로 경찰부패가 많이 사라졌지만, 아직까지도 사건수사와 풍속업무분야 등 대민접점부서에서의 비리는 완전히 근절되지 않고 있다는 평가를 받고 있다. 경찰은 최일선의 법집행기관으로서 경찰부패는 국민이 피부로 느낄 수 있는 공직사회 부패의 바로미터로 인식되고 있다. 이러한 경찰부패는 법집행력의 약화를 초래하게 되고, 법을 집행하는 경찰이 법을 어기거나 제대로 집행하지 않는 다면 법과 권위를 스스로 깨뜨리는 행위가 된다. 따라서 국민으로부터 신뢰받는 경찰이 되기 위해서는 경찰의 부패방지대책을 수립하는 것이 급선무라고 생각한다. 이에 이 연구에서는 각국의 경찰부패통제제도를 비교 분석하여 보다 근본적이고 새로운 경찰부패통제시스템의 도입방안으로 경찰관의 윤리교육 강화, 조직문화의 개선, 실질적 평가를 통한 자율적인 부패방지 노력, 제도적 개선사항의 정착화 방안의 강구, 조직의 반부패시스템 구축, 시민참여제도의 강화 등을 제시해 보았다.
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