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FBI 국내 수사 및 활동 가이드(Domestic Investigations and Operations Guide) 분석을 통한 시사점 제시
윤해성(Yoon, Hae-Sung) 한국테러학회 2017 한국테러학회보 Vol.10 No.2
전 세계적으로 정보의 중요성은 나날이 강화되고 있는 추세이다. 테러의 공포는 국제적으로 많은 공감대를 형성하여 각국은 법제도적 혹은 정책적으로 다양한 변화를 시도하는 계기를 마련하였다. 그 중심에는 정보수집과 분석을 통하여 사전에 테러와 같은 극악무도한 범죄를 예방하고 국가와 시민을 보호하기 위한 시금석으로 서서히 자리 잡고 있는 양태이다. 선진안보국은 국가의 안보를 지키고 시민의 안전을 강조하기 위하여 법제도적인 담금질을 강행하고 있으며, 동시에 수사기관과 정보기관의 역할과 기능을 강화하고 있는 추세이다. 특히, 미국의 경우 911 테러 이후 변화의 소용돌이 속에서 본연의 국내 치안 업무 이외에도 정보수집의 역할을 강화하고 있는 모습이다. 즉, 국토안보부의 신설과 함께 FBI의 지위가 격상됨에 따라 역할도 다양해지고 있는데, 그 가운데 대표적인 것이 바로 FBI 국내 수사 및 활동가이드(Domestic Investigations and Operations Guide)라는 행동원리이다. 이 행동원리는 FBI의 모든 수사와 정보수집, 분석과 대응 업무에 적용되는데 일반 범죄는 물론 국가안보, 해외정보 수사 활동에 이르는 방대한 내용에 대한 지침적 성격을 담고 있다. 여기서는 FBI 국내 수사 및 활동가이드의 내용을 요약하여 분석해 보고, 시사점을 도출한 다음 이를 바탕으로 우리 실정에 맞는 제도와 정책을 제시하고자 한다. The importance of information is increasing day by day around the world. The fear of terrorism has exerted a lot of influence internationally, and each country has made an opportunity to try various changes in legal system or policy. At the center of this is the way in which information is gathered and analyzed to prevent crime such as terrorism in advance and is gradually placed as a benchmark to protect the nation and citizens. For example, the roles and functions of investigative and intelligence agencies are being strengthened. Therefore, the Advanced Security Agency is implementing legislative measures to protect national security and to emphasize the safety of citizens. In the course of expanding various systems for collecting information, the FBI of the United States is strengthening the role of intelligence gathering beyond the domestic security work after 911. In other words, it is a federal law enforcement agency and intelligence agency that performs information gathering, analysis, and distribution. However, This is the main cause of the 911 because the CIA was focused on collecting foreign intelligence and was not sharing intelligence with the FBI. There have been various discussions within the United States, and with the establishment of the Department of Homeland Security, the FBI s position has been upgraded and its role has also diversified. The FBI s Domestic Investigations and Operations Guide(DIOG) is a typical action principle. This behavioral principle is applied to all FBI investigations, intelligence gathering, analysis and countermeasures, which include vast amounts of information ranging from general crimes to national security and foreign intelligence activities. Therefore, in principle, it can be seen that the investigation and information are integrated from the maintenance of policing to the collection and analysis of exceptional domestic information and the collection of foreign intelligence. In this study, we summarize and analyze the contents of the FBI Domestic Investigation and Operations Guide(DIOG), draw out the implications, and present the institutions and policies appropriate to our situation.
윤해성(Yoon Hae Sung) 한국피해자학회 2014 被害者學硏究 Vol.22 No.2
Social Network Service, extensively used to connect people, has great impact on society as it is that people can connect others on the other side of the earth in real time without any physical limitation. For this reason, SNS is widely used for marketing, advertising, and building relationships. However SNS has not only the bright side but dark side; SNS brings up issues over crime including infringement of personal information, exposure of privacy of others, involuntary information leakage such as current location while it provides good opportunities for people to exchange opinions and communicate. This paper reviews infringement of personal information from the perspective of victims, relations with ICT service providers, practices and policies on personal information in certain nations. It examined challenges and prospect methods of 3 types of SNS (blog-based SNS, location-based SNS, and SNS for communication) which is recognized as a way to respond to infringement of personal information. The following aspects are also discussed; user notice from the perspective of protecting victims, basic concept and scope of personal information, reverse discrimination against domestic SNS providers in applying domestic laws. At last, it makes suggestions about criminal policies. What is the most crucial for protecting personal information on cyber space is to provide appropriate education to the general public on risks of leakage of personal information, proper use of location information service after coming up with guidelines, which would be the best way to prevent SNS related crimes.