보성강 (寶城江) 본류에서 미소서식지에 (微小棲息地) 따른 수서곤충 (水棲昆蟲) 군집구조 (郡集構造) 및 생태학적 동태

윤일병,배경석,최영복 ( In Byong Yoon,Kyung Seok Bae,Young Bok Choi ) 한국하천호수학회 1989 생태와 환경 Vol.22 No.4

An investigation has been performed on the community structure of aquatic insects and ecological characteristics at Tohsoo in the main Posung river on August 22 to 24, 1988. In this survey, the total numbers of aquatic insect taxa are composed of 43 species, 32 genera, 18 families in 6 orders. Among them, Ephemeroptera taxa show the most abundant species number with 21 species in 10 families. The number of species from each micro-habitat are 9-23 species range and show the smallest 9 species at sit D. Abundance and individual number of aquatic insects on the individual stones frm different micro-habitat accur more abundantly at medium stones (333-580 ㎠) than small stones (234-266 ㎠) and large stones (607-1371 ㎠). Two Surber samples yield 54.1 % and 3 surber samples yield 75.1% of the species obsered in 14 samples from each imcro-habitat. Therefore, three Surber samples should suffice in general river surveys. The common dominant species in the whole sites are Macronema radiatum in Trichoptera and Serratella rufa in Ephemeroptera. As a result of the multiple regression analysis in order to analyze the range of stream bed environmental factors which affecting the community of aquatic insects, abundance and individual number of aquatic insects were largely affected by current speed and filamentous algae on stones.

낙동강 (洛東江) 하구의 저서성 (底棲性) 대형무척추동물의 (大型無脊椎動物) 계절적 (季節的) 군집구조에 (群集構造) 관한 연구

윤일병,배경석,배연재,어성준,김기홍 ( Il Byong Yoon,Kyung Seok Bae,Yeon Jae Bae,Sung Joon Aw,Ki Hong Kim ) 한국하천호수학회 1986 생태와 환경 Vol.19 No.3·4

The benthic macroinvertebrate community structure and its seasonal fructuation in the Naktong estuary was studied during the period of August 1984 to April 1985. The benthic macroinvertebrates on each season were collected at total 12 sites over the Naktong estuary from the upper seawater reached region to the lower mouth of the estuary. The upper part of the Naktong estuary including Mulgum (St. 1) and Kup`o (St. 2) comes under the nearly freshwater region and the mouth of the estuary including Shimnidung (St. 6-1), Changjado (St.6-2), Daemadung (St. 6-3) and Chinudo (St. 6-4) comes under the seawater region. The other sites are covered brackish region. Especially Chomanp`o (St. 7), located at the branch river of Naktong estuary, comes under the real freshwater region on account of the sluice of Chugnim River. Quantitative data were investigated through the analysis of individual number (No./㎡), dominance indices (DI), species diversity indices (H`) and so on. The results are as follows: 1. The total benthic macroinvertebrate taxa collected from the Naktong estuary during Aug. 1984-Apr. 1985 composed of 61 species, 53 genera, 42 families, 19 orders, 7 classes and 3 phyla. 2. The species occurance at each site showed the most abundant at the sites of seawaters (Chinudo (St. 6-4) ) and real freshwaters (Chomanp`o (St. 7)), and decreased at the sites of brackishwaters (Kup`o (St. 2), Maekdori (St. 3-1) and Hakchang-dong (St. 3-2)). 3. The total individual number according to each season showed poorest in winter season, and increased in order of spring, summer and autumn. 4. The total individual number according to the studied sites showed more abundant at the sites of seawaters and real freshwaters than at the sites of brackishwaters. 5. The total individual number according to the main taxa showed most abundant in Crustacea, and decreased in order of Polychaeta, Gastropoda, Pelecypoda, Insecta, Oligochaeta and Hirudinea. 6. The total biomass (wet weight) showed a little seasonal, fluctuation and showed more or less abundant at the sites of seawaters. According to the main taxa the most abundant in Pelecypoda, and decreased in order of Crustacea, Polychaeta, Gastropoda, Oligochaeta and Hirudinea. 7. The dominant species are different according to the seasons and sites. Generally Neanthes japonica, Tylorrhynchus heterochaetus, Corbicula japonica, Ilyoplax pusilla, Scopimera globosa, Gammarus sp. are abundant. 8. The dominance indices (DI) showed 0.36∼1.00, and generally more or less low at the sites of seawaters and real freshwaters. 9. The species diversity indices (H`) showed 0.73∼2.55, and generally more or less high at the sites of seawaters and real freshwaters.

낙동강 (洛東江) 하구의 이화학적 (理化學的) 요인과 저루성 (底樓性) 대형무척추동물의 군집구조에 관한 연구

윤일병,배경석,공동수 ( Il Byong Yoon,Kyung Seok Bae,Dong Su Kong ) 한국하천호수학회 1987 생태와 환경 Vol.20 No.2

In order to classify the estuary by the salinity content and to examine the macrozoobenthos community structure in the Naktong estuary, we performed this research during the period of June 1985 to April 1986. Quantitative data were investigated through the analysis of individual number (No./0. lm^2), numerical dominance, biomass dominance, species diversity(H`), Bray & Curtis` similarity coefficient and so on. The results obtained are as follows; 1) The estuarine range according to the Venice system is confined from the Kup`o, head of Estuary, to the lower part of changjado. The estuarine area in ranging from the oligohaline to polyhaline. 2) The number of total macrozoobenthos taxa collected from the Naktong estuary was appeared as 89 species, 68 genera, 45 families, 19 orders, 7 classes in 3 phyla. 3) Species occurrence was appeared more abundantly at the tidal flats (in mixo-polyhaline) of the middle and lower reaches than that of upper stream in lowering salinity content. 4) Freshwater species are confined within the region of Mulgum and Jomanp`o. Representative estuarine species are frequently appeared in mixo-oligohaline and mixo-mesohaline and marine species are abundantly appeared in lower stream of estuary where is mixo-polyhaline. 5) Dominant species are different at each studied site. Neanthes japonica, Tylorrhynchus heterochaetus in Polychaeta and Corbicula japonica, Sinnovacula constricta in Pelecypoda appeared as dominant species at mixooligohaline and limnetic waters of the upper stream from the west coast of Ulsukdo (St. 5) to Mulgum. Paranthura japonica, Scopimera globosa in Crustacea appeared as dominant species at mixo-polyhaline waters of lower stream of estuary. 6) Numerical dominance appeared lowest at the tidal flats of the middle and lower reaches of estuary where is much influenced by seawater and Chomanp`o where is not influenced seawater. It was increased in the upper stream of the river. 7) Species diversity index(H`) appeared highest at the tidal flats of the lower stream of estuary and at the upper sites from the west coast of Ulsukdo (St. 5) appeared lowest. 8) Similarity indices are appeared highly between the region of the west coast of Ulsukdo and Mulgum where are lowered in salinity, but those are appeared lower in the region of the lower part of estuary where are high in salinity.

낙동강 (洛東江) 하구의 환경특성과 저서성 (底棲性) 대형무척추동물의 (大型無脊椎動物) 동태에 (動態) 관한 연구

배경식,윤일병 ( Kyung Seok Bae,Il Byong Yoon ) 한국하천호수학회 1989 생태와 환경 Vol.22 No.1

The authors carried out this research during the period from Apri1, 1984 to September, 1987. The obtained results from the study on the physicochemical factors and ecological dynamics of benthic macroinvertebrates in Naktong estuary are as follows. 1. Physicochemical factors showed seasonal fluctuations by variable freshwater inflow from upper stream, and also they were impacted by tidal actions. Especially, temperature, dissolved oxygen and salinity showed large fluctuations according to seasons. 2. The survey sites were classified as three similarity types. The first type was East coast of Ulsukto (St. 6) and Chinudo (St. 10). These sites were located in the mixo-polyhaline brackish region. In this region, the subsites showing the closest relationship of species composition were South coast of Ulsukto (St. 6-1) and Paekhapdung (St. 8-1). The second type was sites of between Kup`o (St. 2) and West coast of Ulsukto (St. 5). Among these sites, Maekto-ri (St. 3) and West coast of Ulsukto (St. 5) showed the highest similarity relationship. The third type was Mulgum (St. 1) and Chomanp`o (St. 11). These sites were limnetic regions and appeared very low similarity relationships in comparison with other sites. 3. Reccurrent groups based on the index of affinity between co-occurrence species consisted of 4 groups. The first group obtained in the analysis consisted of 17 species: marine species and estusrine species which have a marine affinity. The second group consisted of 5 species: marine species which live in the mixo-polyhaline zones and below them. The third group consisted of 5 species: estuarine species which live at the low estuarine salinity zones. The fourth group consisted of 5 species which are limnetic species. 4. By the stepwise multiple regression analysis for each zone and reccurrent group which are affected by environmental factors, salinity appeared as the most important factor, and temperature, pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen and sediment appeared as stimulating factor. 5. According to the results of stepwise multiple regression analysis, the sudden salinity-shock should be avoided in lower zones of the barrage after the Naktong estuary barrage construction. Besides, fresh water should be discharged at broad area as possible to improve the biological productivity in the estuary.

낙동강 (洛東江) 하구의 저서성 (底棲性) 대형무척추동물에 (大型無脊椎動物) 관한 생태학적 연구

배경석,윤일병 ( Kyung Seok Bae,Il Byong Yoon) 한국하천호수학회 1989 생태와 환경 Vol.22 No.4

In order to examine the seasonal benthic macroinvertebrate community structure and dynamics, we had been performed this research during the period of April, 1984 to September, 1987. The results obtained are as follows. 1. Occurrence species numbers appeared more abundantly at the tidal flats of the lower reaches than of upper reaches in lowering salinity, but species numbers took place increasing at site 1 of upper reaches in limnetic zone. 2. Species number, individual number and biomass acording to the seasons decreased distinctly in winter and recovered in spring. The rise and fall of them according to the seasons was also well accoreded. 3. species number, individual number and biomass were fluctuated severely in the rainy season. But, they consisted of very constant community structure in spring and fall. 4. Values of dominance index (DI) showed the highest 1.00 and the lowest 0.23. Dominance indices appeared as the lowest at the tidal flats of lower reaches in the estuary. 5. Values of species diversity index (H`) were the highest 3.56 and the lowest 0.00. Species diversity indices appeared as the highest at the tidal flats of lower reaches in the esturay. 6. Neanthes japonica, Tylorrhynchus heterochaetus in mixo-euryhaline Polychaeta and Corbicula japonica in brackish Pelecypoda were showed high dominance frequency at the brackish waters with low salinity in every seasons. But, various species appeared as dominance species at the mixo-polyhaline brackish waters in lower reaches. 7. Values of dominance index and species diversity index appeared as high negative correlation each other. According to the seasons, dominance indices lowered in spring and autumn and rised in winter, but species diversity idices rised in spring and autumn and lowered in winter. Above indices fluctuated with a large range in summer being affected with a flood.

왕숙천 준설구간의 저서성 대형무척추동물 군집변동

배연재,박선영,윤일병,박재흥,배경석 ( Yeon Jae Bae,Sun Young Park,Il Byong Yoon,Jae Heung Park,Kyung Seok Bae ) 한국하천호수학회 1996 생태와 환경 Vol.29 No.4

Most of streams In Korea have been suffered from various anthrophogenic environmental changes such as frequent stream management projects, dredging for building materials, etc. The effects of stream bed dredging on the benthic macroinvertebrate community in a typical urban stream in Korea were studied. Study site was chosen in the mid-reach of the Wangsuk Creek (1 km section between Changhyon and Naegak) near Seoul which was completely dredged in December 1994. Reference sites were chosen at 2km upper and down stream. respectively. Quantitative and qualitative samplings, observations of habitat change, measurements of water quality and other environmental factors were conducted in January, April, August, and October 1995. As a result, benthic habitats were seriously destroyed and benthic algae, e.g., blue-greens, were bloomed since dredging. Fewer benthic macroinvertebrates occurred at the dredged area(mean species # 9.8; dominance 0.843: diversity 1.290), as compared with the upper stream (mean species # 24.3; dominance 0.448; diversity 3.266) or down stream (mean species # 17.5: dominance 0.701; diversity 2.041) ; only very tolerant species, e.g., oligochaete worms and blood worms, occurred in the dredged area. After flooding in July, water quality was somewhat improved and benthic algae were decreased; a few other benthic macroinvertebrates were introduced in Autumn. Based on the present study, we postulate that the dredging of urban streams caused sudden changes of water quality due to disturbance of benthic babitat and lack of self-purification: and subsequently introduced tolerant algae prevented from survival of other benthic macroinvertebrates, esp. hyporheos, by covering the stream bed. For the comparisons of the colonization pattern of benthic macroinvertebrates, long-term studies in preserved streams as well as in urban streams are needed.