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국내 인슐린 주입기기 요양비 지원 정책 현황 및 개선 방안
윤이정(E Zeong Yoon),김재현(Jae Hyeon Kim),전나경(Nakyung Jeon) 대한약학회 2022 약학회지 Vol.66 No.4
Intensive insulin therapy is the primary treatment option for patients with type 1 and uncontrolled type 2 diabetes. Insulin pump therapy and multiple daily insulin injections (MDI) are the principal methods of intensive insulin therapy. The clinical utility of an insulin pump is generally greater than an MDI regimen. An artificial pancreas, which is an insulin pump with an integrated continuous glucose monitor (CGM), has recently been introduced on the market with emerging clinical evidence. Although it may offer clinical benefits and reduce the self-management burden among patients with diabetes, its potential for inappropriate use and unaffordability are the major barriers to its universal utilization. Despite the medical assistance program offered by the Korean National Healthcare System, which provides coverage for consumables and devices for diabetes treatment, some patients cannot afford to use an advanced insulin delivery system (i.e., the artificial pancreas). Under the current reimbursement policy, the healthcare system considers an insulin pump and a CGM as separate items for regulatory and reimbursement purposes. In other words, the artificial pancreas is categorized as an insulin pump and reimbursed at the same amount as a traditional insulin pump. The fundamental operating function may be the same between the artificial pancreas and a traditional insulin pump; however, there should be a different reimbursement pathway to make a novel category for the artificial pancreas instead of categorizing it under insulin pumps and to differentiate pricing based on the comparative (cost-) effectiveness among insulin delivery devices. Other countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and France are moving toward rapid and universal adoption of the artificial pancreas supported by their clinical governance and regulatory affairs. In this review, we highlight the need to improve the accessibility and affordability of advanced diabetes technology by discussing the current issues in the reimbursement policy that limit the universal use of advanced insulin delivery devices in Korea.
초등학교 영어 교과서의 연계성 분석:제7차 교육과정의 의사소통 기능문을 중심으로
송자경,윤이정 한국초등영어교육학회 2003 초등영어교육 Vol.9 No.2
This study aims to help Korean EFL teachers better understand the contents of elementary textbooks. Additionally, it intends to guide materials developers to revise and improve elementary textbooks. In the 7th National Curriculum for English education in South Korea, communicative competence is promoted in primary English education. Thus, the contents found in textbooks are based on notional-functional syllabi. When contents are selected and graded for a textbook, organization is an important feature for effective learning. This study categorizes the contents of elementary school English textbooks on the basis of 'communicative functions and their exponents' in the 7th National Curriculum of foreign language. An analysis of how the exponents of a function repeat, deepen, and expand in units and grades is presented. The subjects of the study are all language materials for dialogues, games, songs, chants, and role-plays found in the 3rd to the 6th grade student's textbooks, teacher's guides, CD-ROMs, and audio tapes. The results showed that (1) communicative functions in elementary English textbooks generally show systematic organization through repetiton, expansion, and deepening of exponents of a function; (2) some functions are organixed in a non-systematic way in which exponents of each function need to be supplemented.