폭발성 물질의 폭발에 따른 폭발압력 평가

윤용균 대한화약발파공학회 2018 화약발파 Vol.36 No.4

Explosions of vapor cloud formed due to the leakage from installations with flammable fuels have often occurred in Korea and foreign countries. In this study, TNT equivalency method and Multi-Energy method for vapor cloud explosion blast modelling are described and demonstrated in a case study. As TNT equivalency method is simple and direct, it has been widely used for modelling a vapor cloud explosion blast. But TNT equivalency method found to be difficult to select a proper correlation between the amount of combustion energy produced from the vapor cloud explosion and the equivalent amount of TNT to model its blast effects. Multi-Energy method assumes that the strength of vapor cloud explosion blast depends on the layout of the space where the vapor cloud is spreading. Strictly speaking, the explosive potential of a vapor cloud is dependent upon the density of the obstructed regions. In this study, Flixborough accident are analyzed as a case study to assess the applicability of TNT equivalency method and Multi-Energy method. TNT equivalency method and Multi-Energy method found to be applicable if coefficient of TNT equivalency and coefficient of strength of explosion blast are selected properly. 인화성 물질을 보유하고 있는 시설물에서 인화성 물질이 유출되어 형성된 증기운의 폭발이 국내와 해외에서 자주 발생하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 증기운 폭발에 따른 폭풍 효과를 모사하기 위해서 TNT 등가법과 다중에너지법을 적용하였다. TNT 등가법은 단순하고 직접적인 적용이 가능하기 때문에 증기운 폭발을 해석하기 위해서지금까지 널리 사용되고 있다. 그러나 TNT 등가법은 증기운 폭발로부터 발생하는 연소에너지와 이를 TNT 등가량으로 환산하는데 필요한 적절한 상관관계를 선택하는 것이 어렵다는 근본적인 단점을 가지고 있다. 다중에너지법에서는 증기운 폭발의 강도가 증기운이 확산되는 지역에서의 확산 경로의 레이아웃에 따라 달라진다고 가정한다. 즉 증기운의 잠재적 폭발력은 혼잡지역의 혼잡정도에 따라 달라진다. 본 연구에서는 TNT 등가법과 다중에너지법의 적용성을 평가하기 위해서 Flixborough 폭발사고를 사례연구로 분석하였다. 분석 결과 TNT 등가계수와 폭발강도계수를 현장상황에 맞게 적절히 선택하는 경우 TNT 등가법과 다중에너지법은 증기운 폭발 사고를 분석하는데 적합할 것으로 예상된다.

유기산 및 지방산에 대한 Candida sp. Y-2의 자화도와 몇가지 효과 인자

윤용균,이인 인제대학교 1986 仁濟論叢 Vol.2 No.2

Several parameters were examined on the cell yields of Candida sp. Y-2 capable of utilizing ethanol including carbon sources, nitrogen sources, vitamins, metal ions, organic acids and fatty acids, This strain was able to utilize dimethyl sulfoxide, naringin, cyclohexane, oleic acid and olive oil, but not able to utilize acetaldehyde, ethyl ether, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, cholesterol;. pyrogallol and hydroquinone. As the effects of single nitrogen sources, the cell yield was highest in ammonium phosphate monobasic or dibasic-containing medium and was accelerated in pantothenate, or pyridoxineㆍHCl as vitamins, and in Ca2+, or Mg2+ as metal ions. Of organic acids experimented, the maximum cell yield was shown in acetic acid and generally higher cell yield was also obtained in palmitic acid, or oleic acid among fatty acids.

Streptomyces sp. T-256의 세포의 Adenosine Deaminase의 성질

윤용균,이인,장태식 인제대학교 1994 仁濟醫學 Vol.15 No.4

Purine nucleotide의 대사계에 관련하는 aminohydrolase 가운데 adenosine deaminase는 동물 기원이 대부분이다. 미생물 기원의 효소에 대한 연구보고는 희소하며 특별히 세포외 효소로서의 adenosine deaminase 산생 미생물에 대한 보고는 극히 미진하다. 그러므로 본 실험은 미생물 기원 가운데서 Streptomyces T-256이 산생하는 세포의 adenosine deaminase의 효소학적인 성질에 대해서 검토하였다. Some properties of an extracellular adenosine deaminase produced from Streptomyces sp. Y-256 were examined after 30-80% of ammonium sulfate fractionation. The optimun pH and temperature for the stability of this enzyme were found to be near 7.0 and 40℃, respectively. The enzyme was stable in 0.05 M of potassium phosphate buffer. As results of examination for the enzyme activity to various pHs, the enzyme was generally highest in its activity near pH 7.0 but inactivated completely near pH 4.5 and pH 8.5. The enzyme activity to tempertures was highest near 37℃ andcompletely disappeared near 60℃. Of metal ions used 1 mM of Mg2+ increased slightly the enzyme activity, but 1 mM of α,α'-dipyridyl, NaCN and α-phenanthyoline, including 10mM of ethylendiaminetetraacetic acid, monoiodoacetate, pentachlorophenol and p-chloromercuric benzoate completely inhibited the enzyme activity.

Lactobacillus acidophilus의 Protoplast 융합

윤용균,이인 인제대학교 1996 仁濟醫學 Vol.17 No.2

인간의 소화관에서 유해 세균의 균총의 증식을 억제하여 장질환을 예방하는데 생물학적으로 중요한 역할을 할 뿐 아니라 응용면에서 acidophilus milk와 같은 식이원의 주성분으로 그 중요성이 인정되는 Lactovacillus acidophilus를 대상으로 용균효소에 의한 protoplast의 형성과 재생 등의 실험 결과를 통해 융합 조건을 조사하여 유전 물질의 전이를 통한 우량 균주 개발의 가능성을 검토하였다. The optimal conditions for the formation and regeneration of Lactobacillus acidophilus protoplasts were examined. Protoplast formation of L. acidophilus was most efficiently obtained when the cells grown to 6-10 h in MRS medium were used. The maximum number(98%) of protoplasts was obtained when lysozyme was treated for 45 min to lysis the cell wall in 20 mM HEPES buffer (pH 7.0) containing 1.0 M sucrose and in the rage of pH 6.0-7.0. Maximal regenerated protoplasts were obtained on complex medium containing 10% sucrose, 6 mM MgCl2 and 2.5% gelatin. The regeneration frequency of the protoplasts was ca. 4.5% after 3 days of incubation at 37℃.

압축공기에너지저장 공동에 대한 리스크 관리

윤용균,서샘물,최병희 한국암반공학회 2013 한국암반공학회 학술대회 및 세미나 자료집 Vol.2013 No.3

바다담치로부터 저온세균의 분리와 이열성 용혈소의 산생조건

윤용균,이덕재,이동률,이인,이채언 인제대학교 1991 仁濟醫學 Vol.12 No.4

부산 남항의 폐선하부에 서식하는 바다담치의 소화관으로 부터 용혈활성을 나타내는 저온세균을 분리해서 형태학적ㆍ배양적 또는 생리학적 성질을 조사하여 세균을 분류동정하였고 이후 산생된 용혈소의 열 안정성을 비롯해서 용혈소 산생에 대한 pH의 영향과 분리균체의 증식과의 관계를 경시적으로 검토하였다. The bacteriological properties of a psychrophilic isolated from the digestive organ of sea mussel were disscussed. The isolate was aerobic and Gram-negative coccobacillus, and had ability to ferment sugar-alcohols such as glucose and mannitol. She presented positive reaction in motility, gelatin liquefaction, nitrate reduction and indole production test as the physiological and biochemical characteristics, but did negative one in hydrogen sulfide production and Voges-proskauer test. These properties implied that the isolate belonged to the genus Vibrio. Accordingly, she was identified as a relative of Vibrio parahemolyticus. The partially purified-hemolysin formed from the isolate was heat-labile and exhibited the heavy reduction in heat-stability on dilution. The formation of hemolysin was highest at pH of about 6.0 and decreased at other pHs. The activity of hemolysin was highest at the exponential phase and became progressively increased at the stationary phase of the cell. The synthesis of hemolysin was heavily affected by various kinds of sugar-alcohols added.

Candida sp. Y-2 효모의 Sugar류, Alcohol류 및 Glycol류에 대한 자화능

윤용균 인제대학교 1985 仁濟論叢 Vol.1 No.2

The ability of Candida sp. Y-2 to utilize various sugars, alcohols and glycols as sole carbon sources was examined. The growing cells could utilize various alcohols such as ethanol, glycerol and mannitol. The batch cultures of Candida sp. Y-2 were carried out with alcohols, sugars and glycols. From the data cultivated in 90 ml of culture medium, about 5.4 g/l of cell dry weight from ethanol, 1.7g/l from glycerol, or 0.9g/l from mannitol as alcohols was obtained. From the cultivation in sugars, the yeast cell production was about 3.3g/l from glucose, 2.5g/l from dextrin and 2.3g/l from maltose respectively. As glycols, about 0.19g/l of dried cells from propylene glycol, 0.14g/l from ethylene glycol and 0.11g/l from diethylene glycol were also obtained.

Acetate 자화진균의 세포 증식

윤용균 인제대학교 1989 仁濟醫學 Vol.10 No.4

토양시료로부터 분리ㆍ동정하였던 Acetate 자화진균을 대상으로 질소화합물 Vitamin류, 금속화합물, 유기산류, 알코홀류, 및 기타 화합물에 대한 자화도를 조사하였다. Several parameters on the cell growth of an isolated fungus were investigated. The cell yield of the strain was highest in ammmonium phosphate monobaslc or dibasic-containing medium and accelerated in yeast extract and peptone. Vitamins used did not show the growth effects as essential factors. Of metal ions, calcium and magnesium ions accelerated the cell growth, but silver, or mercury ion presented the complete inhibition. In acetic acid among organic acids, the highest yield was obtained and in formic acid, any cell yield was not found. Alcohols showed the general inhibition effects, but only ethyl alcohol functioned as the accelerating substrate. Of other chemicals, the employed fatty acids were proven the growth-promoting substrate in spite that toluene, xylene and naphthalene showed the common inhibition effects.

가스크로마토그라피에 의한 l-에페드린과 dl-메칠에페드린의 정량

윤용균 대한약학회 1972 약학회지 Vol.16 No.1

The determination method of l-ephedrine and dl-methylephedrine by gas chromatography was developed, using reactive alkaline precolumn packed with celite 545 containing KOH. Symmetrical peaks were achieved under the condition, inlet temperature, $180^{\circ}C$-$230^{\circ}C$; column temperature, $180^{\circ}C$- $160^{\circ}C$; carrier gas flow rate, 30ml/minute. The peaks of the salts coincided with those of bases. When this method was applied to preparations, using d-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde as inner standard, good results were obtained. The relative retention times of l-ephedrine and dl-methylephedrine to p-dimethyl aminobenzaldehyde were 0.50 and 0.65 respectively.

분리진균의 acetate 이용성

윤용균,이인 인제대학교 1990 仁濟醫學 Vol.11 No.4

Carbon-2화합물 가운데 acetate를 활성화 시켜서 acetyl-Co A 형태로 대사할 수 있는 진균을 분리하고 acetate에 대한 친화도를 종합적으로 검토하였다. 또한 이 기질을 동화함으로써 합성된 거대분자들 가운데 단백질의 아미노산 조성과 함량과의 관계, 핵산의 염기, nucleoside, nucleotide등의 핵산유도체 조성과 함량과의 관계를 검토하였다. The growth patterns of cells in Candida species indicated that the lag phase was prolonged and growth rate was also increased depending upon the initial concentration of acetate. The maximum dry weight of cells was approximate 9.2g/l at the initial concentratien of 40g/l. The maximum cell yield was generally lower showing approximate 37% at the initial concentrations of both 10g/l and 20g/l. The specific growth rate was constant at the initial concentrations between 5g/l and 40g/l of acetate and the value was 0.114hr-1. The cells contained 29.2g in the content of amino acids when batch-cultured in 1.0% of acetate. Leucine and glutamic acid was highest in the content of the essential amino acids and in that of the nonessential amino acids, respectively. Uridine was highest nucleoside as a pyrimidine derivative among nucleic acids presenting 1.15% in the content.