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Al$_2$O$_3$/t-ZrO$_2$ 입자복합체의 미세구조 및 기계적 성질
심동훈,이윤복,김영우,오기동,박홍채 한국세라믹학회 1999 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.36 No.7
Al2O3와 t-ZrO2 분말의 압분체를 공기중 150$0^{\circ}C$ 및 1$600^{\circ}C$에서 2시간 소결하여 제조된 입자복합체의 미세구조와 기계적 성질을 조사하였다. 소수의 미세한 구상의 ZrO2입자는 Al2O3의 입내에 존재하였으나 대분분은 입계에 존재하여 Al2O3의 입계를 고정시키는 것이 가능하였고, 따라서 Al2O3의 입성장을 둔화시켰다. 소결할 동안 입계 ZrO2 입자의 조대회는 응집된 ZrO2 입자내에서의 입계의 소멸과 Al2P3 입계의 이동에 의해서 끌어 당겨진 ZrO2 입자의 합체(coalescence)에 의해서 일어날 수 있었다. ZrO2의 첨가에 의한 Al2O3의 기계적 성질의 변화는 기지상인 Al2O3의 미세구조와 분산된 ZrO2 입자의 크기와 구조에 의존하였다. Al2O3/t-ZrO2 particulate composites were prepared by sintering at 150$0^{\circ}C$ and 1$600^{\circ}C$ for 2h in air and microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated. Although most ZrO2 particles existed at Al2O3 grain boundaries a few ZrO2 particles within Al2O3 grains. Al2O3 grain growth was depressed due to the pinning effect by ZrO2 particles. During sintering coarsening of intergranular ZrO2 particles occurred as a results of the elimination of ZrO2 intraagglomerate grain boundaries and the coalescence of dragged ZrO2 particles by migrating Al2O3 grain boundries. Changes in mechanical properties of Al2O3 composites were dependant on microstructure of Al2O3 matrix and on size and structure of dispersed ZrO2.
Mo¨ssbauer Effect of the Lithium- and Cesium- nitrosylpentacyanoferrates(Ⅱ)
김일구,류상훈,김형상,홍치유,심동훈,김순구 동국대학교 자연과학연구원 2000 자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.5 No.-
We observed the 57Fe Mo¨ssbauer spectra and Fourier transformation infrared spectra & X-ray fluorescence spectra of lithium nitrosylpentacyanoferrates(Ⅱ) (Li₂[Fe(CN)5NO]·4H₂O, Li₂NP) and cesium nitrosylpentacyanoferrates(Ⅱ) (Cs₂[Fe(CN)5NO]·H₂O, Cs₂NP) samples which comprise nitrosylpentacyanoferrates(Ⅱ) anions with a Fe atom center. The Mo¨ssbauer parameters, values of isomer shift and quadrupole splitting have been measured at room temperature and liquid nitrogen temperature. Also the Mo¨ssbauer Lamb factors of all samples have been measured at room temperature. We have drawn the experimental line width of the Mo¨ssbauer lines normalized to natural line width Γn versus effective thickness of 57Fe.
HSKD: Hidden State Knowledge Distillation을 이용한 배터리 SoC 예측 모델 경량화
강수혁(Soohyeok Kang),박규도(Guydo Park),심동훈(Donghoon Sim),조선영(Sunyoung Cho) 한국자동차공학회 2023 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2023 No.11
Knowledge Distillation (KD) is one of the representative methods for AI model compression, where a student model learns by imitating the output of a teacher model. The student model has a smaller network than the teacher model, which can reduce inference time and save memory. This method should be applied for efficient AI model inference in limited computing environments, such as the vehicle controller. In this paper, we applied the Hidden State Knowledge Distillation (HSKD) method to a Bi-LSTM (Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory) model for predicting the State of Charge (SoC) of an electric vehicle battery. This model predicts the SoC 5 minutes ahead using the SoC of the past 5 minutes. In the experiment, we selected a teacher model with a hidden size of 1,024, which showed the highest accuracy, and compared the performance of hidden state knowledge distillation and general knowledge distillation models for models with a hidden size smaller than 1,024. And, we measured the inference time of the compressed models on controllers equipped with ARM Cortex-A53. As a result, the model with a hidden size of 32 had a loss of 0.008 in terms of R2 score compared to the teacher model, but the inference time was reduced by approximately 20.1x and the file size was compressed by 750.6x from 33,028 [KB] to 44 [KB].
정전용량 변화 방식의 DPF 진단용 입자상 물질 검침 센서
조성은(Sung-Eun Jo),고양주(Yang-Joo Ko),김정택(Jung-Taek Kim),이대건(Tae-Kwan Yi),박헌준(Heon-Joon Park),심동훈(Dong-Hoon Sim) 한국자동차공학회 2016 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2016 No.11
This paper proposes a capacitive particulate matter(PM) sensor, which is a method for monitoring DPF(diesel particulate filter) leakage. The deposited particles on the sensor are burned off at elevated temperature by heating the sensor. In case of resistive PM sensors, output signals of the sensor are distorted severely by deposition of metallic particles on the sensor surface. The proposed capacitive sensor which has island sensing electrode structures, on the other hand, the influence of the deposited metallic particles on the sensor signals is decreased by capacitive sensing mechanism. The proposed sensor is fabricated on an alumina body and evaluated on a diesel engine. The sensor output signal is 150pF at specified PM concentration of 20mg/㎥. The output capacitance change of the sensor is 28pF in condition of severe contamination of the sensor surface by the metallic particles.