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        토니 모리슨의 아동문학

        신진범 ( Jin Bhum Shin ) 건국대학교 동화와번역연구소(구 건국대학교 중원인문연구소) 2008 동화와 번역 Vol.15 No.-

        So far, Toni Morrison has written 6 children’s books, which deal with children’s freedom from their parents, different viewpoints between children and adults, rewriting of Aesop’s fables, and the long journey to school integration of America. Before analyzing Morrison’s children’s works, such as The Big Box, The Book of Mean People, Who’s Got Game? : The Ant or the Grasshopper?, Who’s Got Game? : The Lion or the Mouse?, Who’s Got Game? : Poppy or the Snake?, and Remember : The Journey to School Integration, I studied a brief history of African-American children’s literature including the Sambo legacy and the new trends of African-American children’s literature. Morrison’s children’s books can be divided into three large categories : picture books about children’s freedom and adults’ viewpoints, graphic works which rewrite Aesop’s fables and give the readers’ free interpretations and a pictorial work which mainly deals with the tumultuous era of the school integration and the unflinching struggles of African-Americans. Through these six works, Morrison emphasizes the importance of conversation and reconciliation between children and adults. She inspires new imagination and interpretations, and presents the images and inner thoughts of many African-Americans who overcame the traumatic discrimination of the school integration.

      • "Ah kin signify all Ah please" : "그들의 눈은 신을 쳐다보고 있었다 " 에 나타난 여성의 목소리 회복 The Recovery of A woman's Voice in Their Eyes Were Watching God

        신진범 한국강원영어영문학회 1998 영어영문학 Vol.17 No.1

        One of Hurston's greatest contributions to the modem African American novel is that she is the first black woman writer who regards black women as `the mule of the world'. In her novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God, she portrays a woman who tries to find her own way of life. Janie meets three husbands in her life and recovers her repressed voice. Signifying the oppressing subjects, and participating in the communal ceremony, she fords her inner feeling and self-respect. Zora Neale Hurston's work has been relegated by both black and white male critics to a work which deals with love affairs and romances. But after Alice Walker reevaluated Hurston's work and marked Hurston's tombstone, many scholars begin to study Hurston's works including her novels, essays, biographies and anthropological works. Among these critics, Henry Louis Gates Jr. and Barbara Johnson analyze the linguistic aspects of this novel. Like many African American Critics, they apply the Western Theory to this black text, and create a new literary term like 'Communal Free Indirect Discourse' instead of 'Free Indirect Discourse'. Hurston's Janie finds her new identity as a black woman and she finally becomes the blues singer who sings of the experiences of many black ancestors. This novel, I think, functions as an Ur-text for the African American Women novelists like Bambara, Morrison, Walker.

      • "새파란 눈"에 나타난 미(美) 의 기준과 지배문화 연구

        신진범 한국강원영어영문학회 1999 영어영문학 Vol.18 No.1

        Morrison's The Bluest Eye is a novel which depicts the life of black girl, Pecola and her society. Pecola's madness results from the destructive effects of the oppressive culture. In this novel, family, school, a baby doll, Mary Jane candy, movies, and the surrounding circumstances enforce Pecola into a great silence in which she converses with her inner self in a schizophrenic state. In this novel, Morrison reveals the effect of the commodities and the ideologies of white-centered culture. This novel is narrated by Pecola's friend, Claudia, who is in Houston Baker Jr.'s term, a 'trickster figure' who signifies the ruling hegemony and the false belief system itself. This novel is like a blues which is colored by African Americans' hope and despair. Writing this blues-like novel, Morrison denounces the white society's standard of beauty and presents a remedy for that traumatic situation. In a sense, this novel is related to another African American novel, Ellison's Invisible Man, especially in the incest scene. Like Trueblood in Invisible Man, Cholly in The Bluest Eye is a father who commits incest with his own daughter. Henry Louis Gates Jr. points out that Ellison revises the title of Wright's The Black Boy. In this vein, Morrison also revises the title of Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man in this novel. The revision is concerned with the helpless black girl who becomes mad. The $quot;man$quot; in Ellison's novel turns into a $quot;girl$quot; in Morrison's novel, which represents the shift of theme from $quot;man/adult$quot; to $quot;woman/girl(child)$quot;. Morrison uses the structure to picture the chaotic society where most blacks live like swaying reeds in a whirlwind. The state of the society is like Eliot's The Waste Land. Morrison presents both the hopeless characters like Cholly, Geraldine, Pecola, and Soaphead Church and the surviving ones like Claudia, Mrs MacTeer, Mr. MacTeer and the three prostitutes to show the various reactions in that suffocating society. Morrison reevaluates the $quot;articulate survivor$quot; who can deconstruct the current state of the society and solve the dilemma of $quot;being blacks.$quot;

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