Oxymetazoline의 가토장편운동(家兎腸片運動) 억제작용(抑制作用) 등장성(等張性) 및 등장성(等張性) 기록방법(記錄方法)의 비교(比較)

신동호,최수형,Shin, Dong-ho,Choi, Soo-hyung 대한수의학회 1985 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.25 No.1

The inhibitory action of oxymetazoline on the spontaneous movements of isolated intestinal strips of the rabbit and the effects of antagonists upon the oxymetazoline actions were assessed with recordings through both isometric and isotonic transducers, and comparisons were made between both methods of recording. There were significant differences between the slopes of regression equations calculated from log dose response curves of oxymetazoline obtained from jejunum and those from ileum. But no difference was noted between both recordings either through isotonic transducer or through isometric transducer. The $ID_{50}$ of oxymetazoline obtained from the recording through isotonic transducer was $6.31{\times}10^{-7}M$ in jejunum and $3.16{\times}10^{-8}M$ in ileum. The recording through isometric transducer gave the values of $5.01{\times}10^{-7}M$ in jejunum and $1.07{\times}10^{-8}M$ in ileum. The $pA_2$-values of prazosin to oxymetazoline calculated from the recording through isotonic transducer were 8.13 in jejunum and 8.31 in ileum and the recording through isometric transducer gave the values of 7.29 and 8.26 in jejunum and ileum, respectively. The $pA_2$-values of phentolamine to oxymetazoline obtained from the recording through isotonic transducer were 8.18 in Jejunum and 9.31 in ileum and those from the recording through isometric transducer were 7.75 and 8.13 in jejunum and ileum, respectively. These results indicate that there are no significant differences between recordings either through isotonic transducer or through isometric transducer in assessing inhibitory responses of intestinal movement to certain drugs.

Effect of imidazole receptor active agents on porcine myometrial contractility

신동호,나승열,김재하,Shin, Dong-ho,Nah, Seung-youl,Kim, Jae-ha The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 1997 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.37 No.2

최근 동물의 진통 및 진정을 목적으로 널리 사용되고 있는 imidazole 유도체인 clonidine, medetomidine, etomidate 등의 약물과 xylazine의 효과를 발정정지기의 척출 돼지 자궁근에서 검토하였다. Clonidine($10^{-8}{\sim}10^{-6}M$)이나 medetomidine($10^{-8}{\sim}10^{-6}M$)은 xylazine과 비슷한 정도로 용량의존적인 자궁근의 수축을 일으켰다. Clonidine, medetomidine, xylazine 등의 $EC_{50}$는 각각 24.7nM, 19.9nM, 45.1nM이었다. 그러나 etomidate는 $10^{-6}M$ 미만의 농도에서 반응이 거의 없었으며, $10^{-6}M$ 이상에서 수축반응을 일으켰다. 이들 agonists의 효과는 yohimbine($10^{-8}{\sim}10^{-6}M$), idazoxan($10^{-7}{\sim}10^{-5}M$), tolazoline($10^{-7}{\sim}10^{-5}M$) 등의 ${\alpha}_2-adrenoceptor$ antagonists에 의해서 차단되었으나, ${\alpha}_1-adrenoceptor$ antagonist인 prazosin ($10^{-6}M$)에 의해서는 차단되지 않았다. 또한 $Ca^{2+}-free$ medium이나 verapamil($10^{-5}M$)의 전처치에 의해서 이들 agonist의 효과가 완전히 차단되었다. 결론적으로 발정정지기의 돼지 자궁근에서 clonidine, medetomidine, etomidate, xylazine 등은 ${\alpha}_2-adrenoceptors$의 흥분을 통해 자궁근의 수축을 일으키며, 이 효과는 voltage-dependent $Ca^{2+}$ channels을 통한 extracellular $Ca^{2+}$ influx의 증가에 의한 것으로 추론하였다.

장평활근의 수축성에 대한 amitraz의 영향

신동호,임채미,김재하,Shin, Dong-ho,Lim, Chae-mi,Kim, Jae-ha 대한수의학회 1995 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.35 No.2

Amitraz frequently causes the side effect of intestinal stasis or bloat in mammals. It is very similar to the side effect of xylazine or clonidine which produce the inhibition of intestinal motility through the stimulation of ${\alpha}_2$ adrenoceptor. Therefore, we examined whether amitraz causes intestinal stasis or bloat through the inhibition of intestinal motility or whether amitraz produces the inhibition of intestinal motility through the stimulation of ${\alpha}_2$ adrenopceptor. Amitraz inhibited the intestinal motility in a dose-dependent manner in isolated rabbit jejunum and isolated pig ileum. These inhibitory effects of amitraz were blocked by yohimbine but not by prazosin. The effect of intestinal contraction of carbachol or high-potassium was not affected by the pretreatment of amitraz. However, the con-traction of histamine was inhibited by the pretreatment of amitraz. It is concluded that amitraz mainly inhibits the intestinal motility through the stimulation of ${\alpha}_2$-adrenoceptor although partially antihistaminic action of amitraz can be involved.

방사선 조사 마우스에서 분죽(Phyllostachys nigra var. henenis Strapf)잎 추출물의 효과

신동호,김종춘,김세라,오헌,박인철,오기석,정희종,장종식,김성호,Shin, Dong-Ho,Kim, Jong-Choon,Kim, Se-Ra,Oh, Heon,Park, In-Chul,Oh, Ki-Seok,Chung, Hee-Jong,Jang, Jong-Sik,Kim, Sung-Ho 대한수의학회 2003 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.43 No.1

This study was performed to determine the effect of Phyllostachys nigra var. henenis Strapf leaf extract on jejunal crypt survival, endogenous spleen colony formation and apoptosis in jejunal crypt cells of mice irradiated with high and low dose of gamma-radiation. Phyllostachys nigra var. henenis Strapf administration before irradiation (I.P.: 125 mg/kg of body weight, at 24 hours before irradiation) resulted in an increase of the formation of endogenous spleen colony (p<0.01). The frequency of radiation-induced apoptosis was also reduced by pretreatment of Phyllostachys nigra var. henenis Strapf (I.P.: 280 mg/kg or 28 mg/kg of body weight, at 24 hours before irradiation, p<0.01). These results indicated that Phyllostachys nigra var. henenis Strapf might be a useful radioprotector, especially since it is a relatively nontoxic natural product. Further studies are needed to characterize better the promotion nature of Phyllostachys nigra var. henenis Strapf and its components.

카본블랙/나일론 나노섬유 웹의 접착에 유전가열의 영향

신동호,이윤응,주창환,Shin, Dong-Ho,Lee, Youn-Eung,Joo, Chang-Whan 한국섬유공학회 2005 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.42 No.6

Most thermoplastic fibrous materials have low dielectric constant enabling direct bonding of the composing fibers by microwave heating. However, the bonding capability between nanofibers can be highly increased by blending additives having high dielectric constant. In this paper, nylon 66 nanofibers were produced with the carbon black particles, which have high permittivity, by the electrospinning method. The produced carbon black/nylon 66(CB/N) hybrid nanofiber webs of different carbon black contents were heated by the microwave system for different treatment times. The morphological structure and strength properties of CB/N hybrid nanofiber webs were investigated to verify their bonding behavior. The results showed that the bonding strength of pure nylon 66 nanofiber webs prepared by microwave heating was weak, but the bonding area at the contact point of nanofibers having carbon black increased with increasing microwave treatment tine. In spite of increasing bonding area, the bonding strength of CB/N nanofiber webs does not increase due to the decrease in fiber diameter.

장 평활근의 수축성에 대한 berberine의 효과

신동호,Shin, Dong-ho 대한수의학회 1994 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.34 No.1

Berberine $(10^{-7}-10^5M)$ increased the contractility dose-dependently in isolated rabbit ileal and jejunal segments. Atropine and hemicholinium abolished this response but not mecamylamine. Berberine$(10^{-8}-10^5M)$ enhanced the transmurally-stimulated(80 V, 0.5 ms, 0.05 Hz) twitch response in the isolated guinea-pig ileal segments. Atropine and hemicholinium also abolished this response but not mecamylamine. Effect of KCI, carbachol and histamine were not affected by pretreatment with berberine$(10^{-5}M)$. The results of our study suggest that berberine increases the intestinal contractility by increasing a small amount of acetylcholine release from the postganglionic parasympathetic nerve terminal but not by a direct activation of muscarinic receptors.

The responsiveness to amitraz in isolated porcine myometrial strips

신동호,Shin, Dong-ho The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 1993 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.33 No.3

수의학 및 농업분야에서 널리 사용되고 있는 살충제인 amitraz의 효과를 척출 돼지 자궁근에서 검토하였다. Amitraz($10^{-8}{\sim}10^{-6}M$)는 발정정지기의 자궁근 수축성을 용량의존적으로 증가시켰다. Amitroaz의 이 효과는 yohimbine($10^{-8}{\sim}10^{-7}M$)에 의해 용량의존적으로 차단되었으나, prazosin($10^{-6}M$)에 의해서는 억제되지 않았다. 또한 $Ca^{2+}$-free Tyrode's solution에서나 verapamil($3{\times}10^{-5}M$)의 전처치에 의해서 amitraz의 수축효과는 완전히 억제되었다. 따라서 amitraz에 의한 발정정지기 돼지 자궁근의 수축은 ${\alpha}_2$-adrenoceptor가 중개하며 이 효과는 주로 $Ca^{2+}$ entry blocker에 감수성이 있는 $Ca^{2+}$ channel을 통한 extracellular $Ca^{2+}$ influx의 증가에 의한 것으로 여겨진다.

2급 와동 수복 시 한국 치과 지사들의 복합레진 사용 실태 연구

신동호,박세은,양인석,장주혜,이인복,조병훈,손호현,Shin, Dong-Ho,Park, Se-Eun,Yang, In-Seok,Chang, Ju-Hea,Lee, In-Bog,Cho, Byeong-Hoon,Son, Ho-Hyun 대한치과보존학회 2009 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.34 No.2

본 연구는 2008년 1월 현재 한국 치과의사들의 복합레진 사용 실태에 관한 설문 조사로서, 2급 와동을 수복하는 증례에서 치과의사의 면허 년도, 교육 배경 및 진료환경 등에 따라 수복재료의 선택, 복합레진의 사용여부 및 사용방법, 문제점 등을 비교하였다. 한국 치과의사들을 대상으로 2급 와동 수복에 관한 17 문항의 설문지를 제작하였다. 이 설문지는 시술자 정보, 2급 와동의 수복으로 크게 2부분으로 나누어진다. 이 설문지는 대한치과의사협회를 통해 12,193명의 치과의사들에게 E-메일로 발송되었다. 이 중 2,612개의 메일이 수신 확인되었고 840 개의 설문지가 작성되어 회신되었다 수신 확인된 메일 수에 대한 회신된 메일 수의 비율 (회신율)은 32.2%이었고, 이 자료는 SPSS 프로그램에서 카이제곱 분석을 이용하여 교차 분석하였다. 답변자의 비율은 면허년도를 기준으로 $1998{\sim}2007$년에 면허를 취득한 그룹 (한국 전체 치과의사의 33.3%, 추정년령 26-35세)이 60.3%로 1997년 이전에 면허 취득한 그룹 (한국 전체 치과의사의 66.7%, 추정 년령 36세 이상)의 39.7%보다 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 이들이 근무하는 병원은 개인의원 (77%)이 가장 많았고, 남자 치과의사 (79%)가 많았다. 복합레진 수복에 대한 지식은 학생 때 수업이나 학회 세미나를 통하여 (83.4%) 얻은 것으로 나타났다. 2급 와동 수복 시 재료 선호도를 살펴보면 금인레이가 65.7%를 차지하고 있고 복합레진 직접 수복은 12.1%로 낮게 나타났다. 2급 와동의 복합레진 직접 수복 시 시술 방법에 있어서는 러버댐을 사용하지 않거나 잘 사용하지 않는 그룹의 비율 (74.4%)이 더 많았고, 격벽법으로는 mylar strip (53.4%)이나 metal matrix (33.8%), Palodent system (6.5%)를 사용하였다. 충전은 적층법 (99.6%)을 사용하는 것으로 나타났으며, 시술 시 인접면 형성을 가장 어려워하였다(57.2%). 2-step 접착시스템 (76%)이 3-step 접착시스템 (16%)보다 많이 사용되고 있었다. 사용하는 레진 제품으로는 Z250 (20%)이 가장 많이 사용되고 있었다. The purpose of this study was to assess the current materials, methods and difficulties according to the year of licence and educational background of Korean dentists in Class II direct composite resin restorations. Total 17 questions were included in the questionnaire. Questions were broadly divided into two parts: first. operator's information. and second. the materials and methods used in Class II posterior composite restoration. The questionnaire was sent to dentists enrolled in Korean Dental Association via e-mail. Total 12,193 e-mails were distributed to dentists. 2,612 e-mails were opened, and 840 mails (32.2%) were received from respondents. The data was statically analyzed by chi-square test using SPSS(v. 12.0.1, SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL, USA). Male dentists among respondents was 79%. 60.3% of the respondents acquired their licences recently (1998-2007), and 77% practiced in private offices. 83.4% have acquired their knowledge through school lectures, conferences and seminars. For the Class II restorations, gold inlays were preferred by 65.7% of respondents, while direct composite resin restorations were used by 12.1 % amalgam users were only 4.4% of respondents. For the restorative technique, 74.4% of respondents didn't use rubber dam as needed. For the matrix. mylar strip (53.4%), metal matrix (33.8%) and Palodent system (6.5%) were used. 99.6% of respondents restored the Class II cavity by incremental layering. Obtaining of the tight interproximal contact was considered as the most difficult procedure (57.2%) followed by field isolation (21 %). Among various bonding systems, 22.6% of respondents preferred SE Bond and 20.2% used Single Bond. Z-250 was used most frequently among a variety of composite resins.

가토(家兎) 및 Rat에서 Norepinephrine, Phenylephrine 및 Clonidine의 승압반응(昇壓反應)에 대한 Verapamil의 영향(影響)

신동호,최수형,Shin, Dong-ho,Choi, Soo-hyung 대한수의학회 1988 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.28 No.1

To examine the selectivity of verapamil, used in the cardiovascular diseases, on alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptor-induced pressor rsponses, effects of verapamil on alpha-adrenoceptor agonist-induced pressor responses were investigated in urethane-anesthetized rabbits, spinal rabbits, rats and pithed rats. To evaluate the effects of verapamil on each pressor response induced by norepinephrine, phenylephrine and clonidine, these agonists were previously injected into a ear vein, and then same procedures were performed 1~2 min after treatment with intravenous verapamil. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Intravenous verapamil produced dose-dependent depressor response in rabbits and rats. 2. Pressor responses to intravenous norepinephrine($10{\mu}g/kg$) and phenylphrine($30{\mu}g/kg$) were inhibited by pretreatment with intravenous verapamil in rabbits and no difference was noted between the degree of both inhibitions of the pressor response by verapamil. 3. Pressor responses to intravenous norepinephrine($3{\mu}g/kg$), phenylephrine($20{\mu}g/kg$) and clonidine ($300{\mu}g/kg$) were inhibited by pretreatment with intravenous verapamil in spinal rabbits. No difference was noted between the inhibition of norepinephrine-induced pressor response and that of phenylephrine-induced pressor response by verapamil. The inhibition of clonidine-induced pressor response by verapamil was more prominent than that of norepinephrine- or phenylephrine-induced pressor response. 4. Pressor responses to intravenous norepinephrine($3{\mu}g/kg$) and phenylephrine($10{\mu}g/kg$) were inhibited by pretreatment with intravenous verapairlil in rats and no difference was noted between the degree of both inhibitions of the pressor response by verapamil. 5. Pressor responses to intravenous norepinephrine ($3{\mu}g/kg$), phenylephrine($30{\mu}g/kg$) and clonidine($100{\mu}g/kg$) were inhibited by pretreatment with intravenous verapamil in pithed rats. No difference was noted between the inhibition of norepinephrine-induced pressor response and that of phenylephrine-induced pressor response by verapamil. The inhibition of clonidine-induced pressor response by verapamil was more prominent than that of norepinephrine- or phenylephrine-induced pressor response. These results suggest that verapamil significantly inhibits both pressor responses mediated by alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptors and the inhibition is greater in alpha-2 adrenoceptor-induced response than in alpha-1 adrenoceptor-induced one, and calcium channel takes part in the process of the pressor response mediated by alpha-1 adrenoceptors as well as alpha-2 adrenoceptors.

가토(家兎)에서 Norepinephrine, Phenylephrine 및 Clonidine의 승압반응(昇壓反應)에 대한 Diltiazem의 영향(影響)

신동호,최수형,Shin, Dong-ho,Choi, Soo-hyung 대한수의학회 1988 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.28 No.1

To examine the selectivity of diltiazem, used in the cardiovascular diseases, on alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptor-induced pressor responses, effect of diltiazem on alpha-adrenocepter agonist-induced pressor responses were investigated in urethane-anesthetized rabbits and spinal rabbits. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Intravenous diltiazem(10, 30, 100, 300, $1000{\mu}g/kg$) produced dose-dependent depressor response in rabbits. 2. Pressor responses to intravenous norepinephrine($10{\mu}g/kg$) and phenylephrine ($30{\mu}g/kg$) were inhibited by pretreatment with intravenous diltiazem in rabbits and no difference was noted between the degree of both inhibitions of the pressor response by diltiazem. 3. Presser responses to intravenous norepinephrine ($3{\mu}g/kg$), phenylephrine ($20{\mu}g/kg$) and clonidine ($300{\mu}g/kg$) were inhibited by pretreatment with intravenous diltiazem in spinal rabbits. No difference was noted between the inhibition of norepinephrine-induced pressor response and that of phenylephrine-induced pressor response by diltiazem. The inhibition of clonidine-induced pressor response by diltiazem was slightly prominent than that of norepinephrine- or phenylephrine-induced pressor response. These results suggest that diltiazem significantly inhibits both pressor responses mediated by alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptors.