Measurement Properties of Physical Activity Questionnaires Used in Studies Involving Populations with Diabetes: A Systematic Review

송금주(Geum Ju Song),조정환(Jung Hwan Cho) 한국체육측정평가학회 2015 한국체육측정평가학회지 Vol.17 No.2

역학 및 중재연구에 있어서 당뇨 인구의 신체활동을 평가하는 도구로 여러 종류의 신체활동설문지가 사용되고 있음에도 불구하고, 해당 인구집단을 대상으로 한 신체활동설문지의 측정도구 특성에 대한 검토는 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 당뇨 인구집단을 대상으로 한 연구들에서 사용된 신체활동 설문지들을 파악하고 그들의 질적 및 측정도구 특성을 평가하는데 있다. 신체활동설문지의 질적 평가 체크리스트(the Quality Assessment of Physical Activity Questionnaire checklist)를 적용하여, 체계적 문헌검색법으로 추출된 신체활동설문지의 질적 및 측정도구 특성들을 평가하였다. 본 체계적 문헌고찰을 위한 검색은 MEDLINE과 CINAHL, SPORTDiscus의 전자 데이터베이스를 통해 이루어졌으며, 최종적으로 9개의 문헌으로부터 9개의 신체활동설문지를 선택하였다. 본 연구에 포함된 대부분의 신체활동설문지는 내용타당도, 회상기간, 사용의 용이성, 또는 해석성과 관련하여 방법적 문제점들을 보였다. 신체활동설문지의 신뢰도를 평가한 연구 중에, 가장 높은 근거(검사-재검사 간의 적정한 시간 간격, 적합한 상관계수 사용, 충분한 샘플 수)를 기반으로 양호한 평가(기준값 이상의 상관계수 값을 보고)를 받은 설문지는 없었다. International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-long version)만이 검사-재검사 간의 적정한 시간 간격과 적합한 상관계수를 사용하여 평가되었지만, 모든 신체활동 범주에 있어서 기준점 이상의 상관계수를 보이지는 못했다. 이와 마찬가지로, 타당도를 평가한 연구에서도 가장 높은 근거(적합한 비교 도구 및 상관계수 사용과 충분한 샘플 수)를 바탕으로 평가된 신체활동설문지는 없었다. 그러나 the Community Health Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS)와 Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), Yale Physical Activity Survey (YPAS), Pima Indian`s Study(PIS)의 일부 신체활동 영역에서 기준점 이상의 상관계수 값들이 보고되었다. 당뇨 인구를 대상으로 신체활동설문지의 반응도를 평가한 연구는 확인되지 않았다. 결론적으로, 측정도구 특성과 관련하여 일부의 신체활동설문지들은 당뇨인구집단에 사용 가능성을 가지고 있는 것으로 보여 지나, 가장 적합한 측정도구 특성을 가진 신체활동설문지를 선택하는 것은 여전히 용이하지 않다. 따라서 방법적 문제점들을 최소화한 잘 설계된 향후 연구들을 통해서 보편적으로 사용되고 있는 이들 신체활동설문지들의 측정도구 특성이 보다 심도 있게 평가되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. Although a large number of questionnaires have been used to assess physical activity in diabetic populations in epidemiological or intervention studies, the measurement properties of physical activity questionnaires (PAQs) used in this population have not yet been reviewed. The purpose of the study was to identify PAQs used in studies involving diabetic populations and to assess the qualitative attributes and the measurement properties of the PAQs. Using MEDLINE, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus, a systematic literature search was conducted. The Quality Assessment of Physical Activity Questionnaire (QAPAQ) checklist was used to appraise the qualitative attributes and the measurement properties of PAQs included in this review. A total of nine PAQs in nine studies met inclusion criteria. Most of the PAQs had methodological weaknesses with regard to content validity, recall period, ease of use, or interpretability. Of the nine PAQs that provided reliability analyses, none of the PAQs received a positive rating (i.e., the correlation coefficient which is above the specified cut-off point) with the highest level of evidence (i.e., an adequate time interval between test-retest, recommended type of coefficient, and sufficient sample size). Only the long version of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) tested its reliability with an adequate time interval between test-retest and use of appropriate correlation coefficient, but the correlation coefficient values in some categories of physical activity did not reach the specific cut-off points. In the eight PAQs that tested validity, none of the PAQs received a positive rating with the highest level of evidence (i.e., an adequate comparison instrument and correlation coefficient, and sufficient sample size). However, the Community Health Activities Model Program for Seniors (CHAMPS), Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), Yale Physical Activity Survey (YPAS), and Pima Indian"s Study (PIS) received a positive rating although the correlations coefficients of some categories of physical activity were below the cut-off points. There was no PAQ provided responsiveness analysis. In conclusion, although several PAQs showed a moderate level of results in terms of measurement properties, it is still questionable which PAQ is the most suitable for the use in a diabetic population. Thus, well-designed studies without methodological limitations are needed.

석탄화력발전시설에서 배출되는 TSP, PM10, PM2.5의 유해중금속 분포

송금주 ( Geum-ju Song ),문영훈 ( Young-hoon Moon ),주종호 ( Jong-ho Joo ),이아영 ( A-yeoung Lee ),이재복 ( Jae-bok Lee ) 한국환경분석학회 2018 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.21 No.3

In this study, the distributions of hazardous heavy metals (HHMs) in TSP, PM10, PM2.5 were investigated. In the coal used in the tested plant, that Zn and Cu were most common HHMs, and Cd was rarest. In TSPs from the SCR inlet, FGD inlet and stack, the content of Zn in the coal was the highest, but the distributions of other HHMs were different. At the SCR inlet, the distributions of HHMs in PM10 and TSP differed, and concentration of HHMs in PM10 and TSP was increased. At the FGD inlet and stack the HHM distributions in PM10 and TSP were the same. At the SCR inlet, the HHM distribution in PM2.5 differed from those in TSP and PM10. At the SCR inlet, the HHM concentration was higher in PM2.5 than in TSP and PM10. At the FGD inlet and stack the distribution of HHMs in PM2.5 was very different from those in TSP and PM10 at FGD.

석탄화력발전시설에서의 TSP 및 PM₁₀, PM_2.5 배출특성

송금주 ( Geum-ju Song ),문영훈 ( Young-hoon Moon ),주종호 ( Jong-ho Joo ),이아영 ( A-yeoung Lee ),이재복 ( Jae-bok Lee ) 한국환경분석학회 2018 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.21 No.1

To quantify TSP, PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 emission characteristics, these parameters were sampled during all processes in a coal-fired power plant. Concentrations of TSP, PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 emitted from boiler were high, and the ratios of PM₁₀/TSP and PM_2.5 /TSP were very low; this result means that the boiler emitted more coarse particles than fine particles. The ESP removed most of the coarse particles. At the FGD inlet the concentrations of TSP, PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 were low, but the ratios of PM₁₀/TSP and PM_2.5/TSP were higher than at the SCR inlet. The ESP removed ~99.8%, of the particulates but only ~99.5% of fine particles (PM₁₀) and ~97.3% of ultrafine particles (PM_2.5). Among the TSPs emitted from the stack, the proportion of PM₁₀ was 80-85% and of this, the proportion of PM_2.5 was 47-56%. Therefore, this study demonstrates that the stack of the plant emitted mostly PM₁₀ and PM_2.5, and that the ESP as the dust remover installed in the plant should be improved to remove the fine particles.

1차 비철금속제련시설에서의 납과 카드뮴 분포특성

송금주 ( Geum-ju Song ),문영훈 ( Young-hoon Moon ),주종호 ( Jong-ho Joo ),이아영 ( A-yeoung Lee ),권도형 ( Do-hyung Kwon ),김영희 ( Younghee Kim ),석광설 ( Kwang-seol Seok ) 한국환경분석학회 2016 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.19 No.3

The lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) distribution characteristics was investigated in the zinc, lead and copper smelting plants for the assessment of anthropogenic Pb and Cd emitted from the non ferrous smelting plants. To assess the anthropogenic Pb and Cd emitted from a smelting plant, the input materials and output materials were collected from each process. The materials were sampled over the three times at each sampling point and analyzed with ICP or ICP-MS. According to the input materials used in the non-ferrous smelting plants, the ores were main input source of Pb and Cd. The Pb and Cd included in ores were produced the products throμgh the roasting process and casting process. In addition from the roasting process and casting process many byproduct or process waste were generated as the output materials emitted into the environment. Among the output materials emitted into the environment, the sludge was main source of Pb and Cd emitted into the environment. The emission amount of sludge was not so much, but the concentration of Pb and Cd in the sludge was very high. Therefore, the sludge dumped in landfill site should be controlled with Pb and Cd as content value, not as leaching value.

PCDDs/PCDFs의 전 동질체 210종에 대한 분리분석방법 연구

송금주 ( Geum Ju Song ),경종대 ( Jong Dai Kyoung ),주종호 ( Joung Ho Joo ),김경섭 ( Kyoung Sep Kim ),임숙현 ( Suk Hyeon Im ),김우일 ( Woo Il Kim ),최경희 ( Kyoung Hee Choi ) 한국환경분석학회 2007 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.10 No.2

뇌전증의 한의학적 임상치료 국내 연구 동향 분석

송금주 ( Geum-ju Song ),이여경 ( Yeo-gyeong Lee ),권기현 ( Gi-hyeon Gwon ),이형우 ( Hyung-woo Lee ),조주연 ( Ju-yeon Cho ),박세진 ( Se-jin Park ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2021 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.32 No.3

Objectives: To review research trends in the treatment of epilepsy with Traditional Korean Medicine. Methods: Thirteen studies were selected by searching OASIS, RISS, SIENCEON, KISS, KoreaMed, and KMBASE from 2000.01.01 to 2021.08.28. Results: Studies were analyzed by year, format, publication site, age of patient, treatment method, follow-up study, herbal treatment, acupuncture, and limitations. Analysis confirmed that oriental medical treatment was sufficiently effective in relieving symptoms of epilepsy. Conclusions: Acupuncture and herbal medicine could be considered to relieve symptoms of epilepsy. However, due to some limitations in those studies, more in-depth and broader research is needed in the future.

국가표준식품성분표 개정을 위한 국내산 돈육의 부위별 비타민 B₁₂ 함량 분석

문금주,송원주,박선혜,정범균,정길락,최갑성,김진형,최용민,천지연,Mun, Geum-Ju,Song, Wonju,Park, Sun-Hye,Jeong, Beom-Gyun,Jung, Gil-Rak,Choi, Kap Seong,Kim, Jin-Hyoung,Choi, Youngmin,Chun, Jiyeon 한국식품저장유통학회 2017 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.24 No.7

본 연구는 국민 영양평가 및 정책 수립에 근간이 되는 국가표준식품성분표 개정을 위해 농촌진흥청과 국립축산과학원이 공동으로 국산 돈육의 대표 시료를 선정하고 부위별로 신뢰성이 확보된 vitamin $B_{12}$ 함량 데이터 구축을 위해 분석법 검증과 분석품질관리를 수행한 연구이다. Immunoaffinity-HPLC 분석법을 특이성, 직선성, 검출한계 및 정량한계, 정확성, 정밀성 등의 분석수행특성 지표를 이용하여 평가한 결과 모든 항목에서 AOAC 가이드라인 수용기준에 충족되는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 모든 시료 분석 시 in-house QC sample을 분석한 결과 QC chart의 관리한 계선 안에 포함이 되어 본 연구 기간 동안 수행된 모든 시료 분석이 관리하에 정확성과 정밀성을 나타내는 분석값임을 확인할 수 있었다. 총 7개 primal cut과 이들로부터 세분화된 22개 retail cut의 vitamin $B_{12}$ 함량 분석 결과 주요 부위(평균 $0.42-0.69{\mu}g/100g$) 뿐 만 아니라 같은 부위 안에서도 세부 부위에 따라 vitamin $B_{12}$ 함량에서 차이가 나타났다. 특히, 삼겹살과 목심 부위에서 vitamin $B_{12}$ 함량이 높게 나타났으며 세부 부위에서는 삼겹살 부위의 토시살이 $0.98{\mu}g/100g$로 최고값을 보였고, 등심 부위의 알등심살과 뒷다리 부위의 홍두깨살이 $0.33{\mu}g/100g$으로 가장 낮은 수준을 나타냈다. Vitamin $B_{12}$ 함량은 돈육의 부위별 단백질 함량과는 유의적인 차이를 보였으나 지방 및 수분 함량과는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 본 연구에서 생산된 국내산 돈육의 부위별 vitamin $B_{12}$ 함량 데이터는 분석법 검증과 분석품질관리를 통하여 신뢰성이 확보된 데이터로 국가표준식품성분표 개정에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. This study was performed to update the National Standard Food Composition Table (NSFCT) published by Korea Rural Development Administration, especially focusing on vitamin $B_{12}$ for Korean pork. Total 7 primal and 22 retail fresh cuts of Korean pork were analyzed for vitamin $B_{12}$ and the applied immunoaffinity-HPLC was validated. Vitamin $B_{12}$ assay by immunoaffinity-HPLC obtained recoveries over 95% and coefficient variations of precision below about 10%, which met the limits required for validation acceptance. Limits of detection and quantification of immunoaffinity-HPLC were 0.01 and $0.33{\mu}g/100g$, respectively. Quality control chart showed that analysis performance was excellent during the entire of study. Vitamin $B_{12}$ contents of pork cuts significantly varied depending the types of primal and its retail cuts (p<0.05). Belly, Boston butt, rib cuts showed relatively high vitamin $B_{12}$ contents compared to other primal cuts. Vitamin $B_{12}$ content of pork retail cuts were also significantly different within the same primal cuts (p<0.05). Among 22 retail cuts, the highest vitamin $B_{12}$ was observed in Tosisal in belly primal part ($0.98{\mu}g/100g$) while both Aldeungsimsal in loin and Hongdukkaesal in hide leg were the lowest by $0.33{\mu}g/100g$. This study provides reliable vitamin $B_{12}$ data for the Korean pork fresh cuts through standard sampling, method validation and analytical quality control, which would be used for update of Korean NSFCT.

어린이 청소년 신체상 평가의 방향

조정환(Jung Hwan Cho),송금주(Geum Ju Song) 한국체육측정평가학회 2004 한국체육측정평가학회지 Vol.6 No.2

어린이 신체활동, 체력 평가의 방향

조정환(Jung Hwan Cho),송금주(Geum Ju Song) 한국체육측정평가학회 2004 한국체육측정평가학회지 Vol.6 No.1

신체상(body image) 검사지의 구인 타당화

조정환(Jo Jeong Hwan),송금주(Song Geum Ju) 한국체육측정평가학회 2002 한국체육측정평가학회지 Vol.4 No.1