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정진원(Chung Jin-Won),소병일(So Byung-Il) 대한건축학회 2010 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.26 No.10
The core of space perception in 'La phenomenologie de la perception' written by Maurice Merleau-Ponty is that in modern architecture mechanical and passive to space experience, phenomenological elements such as up/down, depth, time, exercise, place, etc rather than body itself are newly recognized in overall consideration of physical responses. This means that our body can also experience our surrounding space at one with space beyond one object. In this context, modern architect Tadao Ando induced people to experience space through architectural languages such as undefined crack area, conscious contact, abstract nature, etc. Such architectural languages are materialized in combination of space elements such as light, water, nature, wall, materials and property of matter, slope and staircase, and one architectural space is formed through interaction of accidental events between each element of building and human movement. Although it is invisible, phenomenological characteristics shown through human body can be applied in the same way to the architectural space. Therefore, you will be able to newly recognize space concept if you study on architectural space with phenomenological characteristics manifested.
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현대 성당 공간 구성 요소의 현상학적 표현 방법에 관한 연구
정진원(Chung, Jin-Won),소병일(So, Byung-Il) 대한건축학회 2011 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.27 No.11
Since churches are a spiritual meeting place between people and God, church architecture requires elements that can bring out admiration for the almighty or religious feelings. Humans experience through what they see with eyes, which act as a bridge of imagination, and can even believe they have experienced what actually does not exist. Thus, people use senses based on vision to perceive, analyze, and understand the stimulations from objects and the world. Particularly, in experiencing the space in architecture, it requires perception that combines body senses and its interaction with the space in order to understand hidden meaning of the space. A philosophical explanation namely phenomenology is needed in order to explain such mechanism, because a church is not simply a building but a religious architecture that should bring out admiration and religious sentiment for the Supreme Being. Therefore, it requires many symbols and spatial devices to lead people to God. This study, hence, examines the phenomenological concept of space of Merleau Ponty, which emphasizes experience through body perception, and perception methods in order to explain the phenomenological expressions of modern churches and their relation to architecture styles, and the results are as follows: Spatial perception, Memory and empirical perception, Transformative perception and Synesthetic perception. The phenomenological expressions illustrated by spatial composition factor of architecture (water feature, wall, column, window, skylight, surrounding, belfry with cross, stairs, ramp, and bridge, etc.) are perceived by the four senses mentioned above. These allow forming proper church architecture space where God, people, and nature become integrated, as well as ‘religious richness’ through the believers’ ‘active participation.’
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