운동영양학 : (-)-Hydroxycitric acid 섭취와 수영운동이 혈중 렙틴 농도에 미치는 영향

서혜정(HeaJungSuh),이강우(KangWooLee),김영수(YoungSooKim),임기원(KiWonLim) 한국체육학회 2005 한국체육학회지 Vol.44 No.6

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a 3-month weight loss program and (-)-hydroxycitric acid (HCA) ingestion on blood lipid and leptin levels in young women. Twenty-one young women, aged 19.6±0.5 years, who had not exercised regularly, volunteered to participate in the present study as subjects. They completed a 3-month weight loss program consisting of swimming exercise performed three times/week, for 60 min/session at lactate threshold level. For the period, they had a regularly energy intake, i.e., 1,980 ㎉/day. The levels of triacylglyceride and free fatty acid was not affected by exercise training or HCA ingestion. Leptin level was decreased in control group by the exercise training program. However, the leptin level was significantly increased in HCA ingestion group. It was concluded that HCA ingestion and the 3-month swimming exercise might increase., and suggesting that HCA ingestion also decreased the body fat by independent on exercise effect in young women.

자연과학편 : 골격근에서의 지방산 수송과 관련 단백질의 발현

서혜정(HeaJungSuh),임기원(KiWonLim) 한국체육학회 2007 한국체육학회지 Vol.46 No.1

본 연구는 골격근에서의 지방산 수송에 관련된 단백질 발현에 대한 문헌고찰을 목적으로 한다. 운동 중에는 긴사슬 지방산(long chain fatty acid; LCFA)이 중요한 에너지원으로 작용한다. 골격근에서 긴사슬 지방산 수송은 종래에 알려진 능동수송 이외에 다양한 단백질이 작용하는 것으로 알려져 있다. fatty acid translocase은 백근보다는 적근, 또한 남성보다는 여성에서 높게 발현되며 운동에 의하여 발현량이 증가된다. fatty acid transport protein (FATp) 단백질은 비복근보다는 가자미근에서 발현량이 많으며 고지방식사를 섭취하면 가자미근에서는 발현량이 증가하나, 비복근에서는 오히려 감소하는 경향을 나타내는 등 그 생리적 기전이 많이 알려져 있지는 않다. fatty acid binding protein membrane type (FABPm)는 남성보다는 여성에서 높게 발현하며 남성에서는 지구성 운동이 FABPm 단백질 발현량을 증대시키지만 여성에서는 영향이 없는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 이와 같이 지방산 수송은 복잡한 기전으로 조절되고 있는 것으로 알려져 있으며 이에 대한 상세한 연구가 요청된다. his review focuses on fatty acid transport into skeletal muscle cell membrane during exercise. Long chain fatty acid (LCFA) is a important energy substrate during prolonged exercise in humans and animals. It has recently been suggested that cellular fatty acid binding proteins play a important role in metabolism of LCFA during exercise in skeletal muscle. The most important proteins in skeletal muscle are fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36), fatty acid transport protein (FATp), fatty acid binding protein membrane type (FABPm). It is suggested that FAT/CD36 is abundant in typeⅠskeletal muscle (red muscle) than in typeⅡmuscle (white muscle) fiber, And, FAT/CD36 protein and gene expression in skeletal muscle are higher in women than in men. Muscle contraction (exercise training) stimulates FAT/CD36 protein expression in skeletal muscle in animal and humans. FATp protein is considerably higher in soleus than in gastrocnemius muscles. High-fat diet causes elevation in FATp protein in soleus muscle, but a reduction in gastrocnemius muscle. The physiological role of FATp is still unclear. FABPm in skeletal muscle is higher in women than in men, is enhanced by endurance training in men, but not in women.

운동영양학 : 고지방식을 섭취한 쥐에 있어서 캡사이신 투여가 운동시 혈중 에너지 기질 농도에 미치는 영향

서혜정(HeaJungSuh) 한국체육학회 2001 한국체육학회지 Vol.40 No.3

고춧가루는 우리나라 전통 향신료이다. 그러나, 고춧가루의 신미성분인 캡사이신에 대한 운동영양학적 차원에서의 생리적 작용에 대해서는 많이 알려진 바 없다. 따라서 본 실험에서는 캡사이신이 운동중 혈중 에너지 기질 농도에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위하여 40마리의 Sprague-Dawley계 실험쥐에게 2주간 고지방식 및 트레드밀(27m/min, 6˚, 30min/day) 운동에 적응시킨 후 고지방식(F:C:P=40:35:30)에 0.014%의 천연 캡사이신을 혼합한 사료를 2주간 섭취시키면서 트레드밀 운동을 부하하였다. 실험 당일에는 운동전과, 트레드밀 운동 1시간 및 2시간 후에 각각 도살하여 혈중 에너지 기질 농도를 검토하였다. 그 결과, 체중은 캡사이신 섭취군에서 유의하게 저하하였으나, 가자미근 중량은 대조군과 차이가 없었다. 복강 내 지방조직 중량은 대조군에 비하여 캡사이신 섭취군에서 유의하게 감소하였다(P<0.05). 혈장 글루코스 농도는 운동전과 운동 1시간 및 2시간 후 모두 캡사이신 섭취군에서 유의하게 낮았다(P<0.05). 혈중 유리지방산농도는 운동전 안정시에는 캡사이신 섭취군에서 유의하게 증가하였으나(P<0.05), 운동중에는 대조군과 차이가 없었다. 한편 혈중 글리세롤 농도는 안정시에는 양군간에 차이가 없었으나, 운동 2시간 후에는 캡사이신 섭취군에서 유의하게 증가하였다(P<0.05). 혈중 중성지방농도는 안정시 및 운동시에 캡사이신의 섭취효과는 나타나지 않았다, 이상의 연구결과에서 고지방식에 첨가된 캡사이신은 운동중 지방의 동원을 촉진시키는 효과가 있는 것으로 사료되었다. This study is to investigates the effects of capsaicin with high-fat diet on energy substrates levels in blood. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were offered a high-fat diet for 2 wk in individual cages and were exercise-trained by a animal treadmill running throughout the experimental period. After 2 wk of the prefeeding with high-fat diet, the rats were divided into two group; high-fat diet group (CON) and high-fat diet + capsaicin (0.014%) group (CAP). The rats were killed by decapitation at 0 hr (rest), 1 hr and 2 hr after treadmill running (27m/min, 6˚) Body weight and epididymal adipose tissue weight were significantly lower in CAP than in CON, but soleus muscle weight was not different between two groups. Plasma glucose levels were significantly higher in CAP than in CON at rest, 1 hr and 2 hr (P<0.05). Plasma free fatty acid concentration were significantly higher in CAP compared with CON at rest (P<0.05), but did not at 1 hr and 2 hr. Plasma glycerol levels were significantly increased compared with CON in CAP at 2 hr after exercise but not rest and 1 hr. Plasma triacylglycerol levels were not affected by CAP intake at rest and during exercise, but the concentration were decreased by the exercise at 1 hr and 2 hr. These results indicate that capsaicin intake with high-fat diet would enhance blood lipids concentrations and decrease blood glucose, and it could have a spared effect of glycogen in muscle and/or liver.

운동영양학 : 경기력 향상을 위한 식품과 영양처방

임기원(KiWonLim),서혜정(HeaJungSuh) 한국체육학회 2002 한국체육학회지 Vol.41 No.1

It is recently well researched that sports nutrition and food for promotion of exercise performance in athletes and ordinary people. It is important that athletes are offered water including Na ion in competition fields. The supplement of water, including 5-10% carbohydrate, during prolonged exercise (more over 1 hour) is positively effective for promotion of endurance performance. Glucose has a prompt effect on enhancing of blood glucose level because of higher absorption rate from stomach or small intestine. However, glucose does increase insulin secretion, resulting in inhibiting of lipolysis in adipocytes. Fructose supplement is better than glucose, because fructose has low action for insulin secretion Caffeine is one of the famous ergogenic aids in the athletic fields. Caffeine has been known to stimulate lipolysis that spares stored glycogen utilization during moderate intensity exercise. However, caffeine can not use actual sports field, because one of lopping materials. Carnitine and hydroxycitric add, riot dopping materials, can substitute for caffeine. The protein requirement for muscle hypertrophy is 1.4∼1.8 g/kg/day, although over-use of these levels is no effective. The protein coingested glucose could stimulate muscle protein synthesis rate than protein alone. And, immediate meal timing after exercise has more effective action for whole body protein synthesis than late meal timing. These results suggest that diet-therapy program for athletes should to involve individual nutrition education for athletes as well as coaches.

자연과학편 : Capsaicin의 투여가 안정시 및 운동시의 에너지 기질 이용에 미치는 영향

임기원(KiWonLim),김규완(DewWanKim),서혜정(HeaJungSuh),이수천(SooChunLee),( Mayumi Yoshioka ),( Shinichi Saitoh ),( Masashige Suzuki ) 한국체육학회 1995 한국체육학회지 Vol.34 No.3

본 연구는 capsaicin의 투여가 안정시 및 운동시의 에너지 기질 이용에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위하여 Sprague-Dawley계 수컷 45마리의 rat을 이용하여 수행되었다. 3주간의 예비사육 기간 중 실험동물용 treadmill을 이용하여 running 운동에 적응시킨다.실험 최종일에 비처리군(non-treatment), 안정대조군(sedentary control), 운동대조군(exercise control), 안정CAP군(sedentary-CAP), 안정CAP군(exercise-CAP) 등 5개군으로 나누었다. CAP군에는 체중 ㎏ 당 6㎎의 capsaicin을 복강내주사하였고, 대조군에는 僞藥을 주사하였다. 운둥군은 주사직후 27m/min의 강도로 running운동을 부하하여 운동 1시간 후 및 2시간 후에 도살하여 분석에 이용하였고, 안정군은 동일시간에 사육상자에서 안정을 취한 후 도살하였다.운동 1시간 후 및 2시간 후의 혈장포도당의 농도는 exercise-control군에 비하여 exercise-capsaicin군에서 높았으나, 유의한 차는 없었다. 혈장유리지방산과 간 및 가자미근의 글리코겐함량은 각 군간의 유의차는 없었다. 한편, 운동 2시간 후의 비복근 글리코겐 함량은 대조군(exercise-control)에 비하며 CAP군(exercise-capsaicin)에서 유의하게 높았다.운동시의 capsaicin의 주사는 basal lipolytic activity는 증가시켰으나, epinephrine-stimulate activeity에는 capsaicin의 투여효과가 나타나지 않았다.이상의 결과에서, 실험쥐에 있어서 capsaicin의 투여는 운동시의 에너지원으로 지방 동원을 증가시켜 근육의 글리코겐 절약효과(glycogen-sparing effect) 가 있는 것으로 시사되었다. This study investigated the effect of capsaicin on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism at rest and during exercise in rats. Forty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were trained by treadmill running for 3 wk. On the final day of the experiment, the rats were divided into 5 groups: non-treatment, sedentary-control, sedentary-capsaicin, exercise-control, and exercise-capsaicin. Rats were kept sedentary or given a treadmill-running for 1 or 2 h after the intraperitoneally injection of capsaicin or vehicle. Plasma glucose concentration tended to be higher in exercise-capsaicin group than in exercise-control group, but no significant difference was found. In the plasma free fatty acid concentration and the glycogen levels in the liver and the soleus muscle, there was no significant capsaicin effect. The glycogen levels in the red and white gastrocnemius muscles tended to be higher in the capsaicin groups than in control groups, and this tendency wasy observed only in exercised groups at 2 h after the injection. The basal lipolysis in epididymal adipose tissue at 1 h after the injection was significantly higher in the exercise-capsaicin group than in the exercise-control group. These results indicate that capsaicin might have a glycogen-sparing effect to promote the utilization of lipid from adipose tissue during exercise and that the effect of capsaicin during exercise seems to be different from those at rest.

자연과학편 : 운동부하가 흰쥐의 골격근내 지질대사율과 UCP-3 및 CPT-1 단백질 발현에 미치는 영향

권태동(TaeDongKwon),김기훈(KiHoonKim),서혜정(HeaJungSuh) 한국체육학회 2006 한국체육학회지 Vol.45 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the gene expression related with lipid metabolism according to intensity and duration of treadmill exercise in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control(CON), high -intensity(H-EX) and low-intensity exercise(L-EX) groups. Rats in L-Ex group were forced to run on the treadmill at the speed of 5m/min for initial 10 min and 10m/min for next 20 min. On the other hand, rats in the H-Ex group were forced to run on the treadmill slope 0 at the speed of 16m/min for initial 10 min, 22m/min for next 20 min, and 25m/min for last 40 min.Expression of UCP3 of the WG and RG in L-Ex and H-Ex groups was increased compared with control immediately after exercise. Expression of UCP3 of the WG and RG in the H-Ex group was higher than in the L-Ex group.CPT-1 expression of the WG and RG in the H-Ex group was increased immediately and 6 hr after exercise compared with control. CPT-1 expression of the RG in the H-Ex group was highest 6hr after exercise. CPT-1 expression of the RG and WG in the L-Ex group was not differ among groups.Palmitate oxidation rate of the RG and WG was increased 0, 6 and 12 hr after exercise in the H-Ex group, and 0 and 6 hr after exercise in the L-Ex group compared with control. Palmitate oxidation rate of the H-Ex group was higher than in the L-Ex group 0, 6 and 12 hr after exercise in RG, and 0 and 6hr after exercise in WG.In the summary, gene expression of UCP3 and CPT1 that related with lipid metabolism was not significantly affected during 0 to 60 min recovery time by low-intensity exercise, but effected by high-intensity exercise.In conclusion, exercise intensity and amounts might be have very important role to regulate gene expression related with metabolism.