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이융조,이용복,박창범 한국과학사학회 2001 한국과학사학회지 Vol.23 No.1
In 1978 a stone plate with 65 holes of various sizes has been unearthed next to a dolmen at Adeugi village in Gaho-ri, Munui-myeon, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk Province of Korea. We have confirmed that the holes represent stars near the north celestial pole by comparing the distribution of holes with a star map painted in an old tomb of Goguryeo Dynasty and with a star chart engraved on the cover stone of a dolmen found in North Korea, and by objectively identifying the holes with the actual stars seen in the Bronze Age. The ancient constellation maps used for visual comparisons, are the star map on the ceiling of Jinpa-ri 4 Ho tomb at Pyeongyang built in about 6th century, and the star chart engraved on the bed stone of a dolmen at Jiseok-ri in Hamnam Province of North Korea which is thought to be built near BC 1500. Significant similarities have been found between these maps with the distribution of holes in the stone plate of Adeugi dolmen. This fact indicates that there might have been a common recognition of constellations and/or transmission of knowledge on the heaven over this two thousand year interval. The maximum cross-correlation between the distribution of holes in the Adeugi stone plate and the actual positions of stars in the sky is searched to identify constellations like the Ursa Major, Draco, Ursa Minor and a part of Cepheus. This identification by computer agreed with that by visual inspection of constellation patterns. The star chart of Adeugi dolmen is a record of human knowledge in the Bronze Age, and is one of buried remains with no possibility of creation or modification by people in the later period unlike the bed stones of dolmens. The star chart demonstrates that there have been considerable amount of observational knowledge on constellations in Korea at least by the time of the Bronze Age. Existence of the Adeugi star chart also suggests that Korean astronomy has not been originated by importing Chinese astronomy during the Three Kingdom period, and that the native astronomy has been developed and traditionalized in Korea during or before the Bronze Age.