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전자선 전처리에 따른 침엽수 미표백 크라프트 펄프의 특성평가
김은혜(Eun Hea Kim),이지영(Ji Young Lee),전준표(Joon Pyo Jeun),김선영(Sun Young Kim),김철환(Chul Hwan Kim),박종혜(Jong Hye Park) 한국펄프·종이공학회 2015 펄프.종이기술 Vol.47 No.5
Electron beam irradiation is also an eco-friendly treatment compared to other physical and chemical treatments. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the possibilities of energy savings by applying electron beam irradiation to the refining process. After softwood unbleached kraft pulp (UKP) was irradiated with electron beams at 50 and 100 kGy, it was beaten in a laboratory beater, and then its freeness and fiber properties were analyzed. The physical properties of their fiber handsheet were also and measured. As the irradiation dose of the electron beam and the beating time increased, lower freeness and fiber lengths of the UKP were observed. Handsheets made from UKP that was irradiated by electron beam and beaten showed a reciprocal relationship with the irradiation dose of the electron beam, in particular, the strength of the handsheets decreased dramatically at 100 kGy of irradiation. Therefore, it was confirmed that electron beam irradiation is effective in reducing the beating time or beating energy. But the irradiation dose must be controlled under 50 kGy to minimize the loss of paper strength.
이지영(Ji Young Lee ),김은혜(Eun Hea Kim),김철환(Chul Hwan Kim),박종혜(Jong Hye Park) 한국펄프·종이공학회 2015 펄프.종이기술 Vol.47 No.6
Many researchers have proposed analytical methods to measure the adsorption of di-sulpho fluorescent whitening agents (D-FWAs), but practical methods for D-FWA utilization in an actual paper mill have not been established. In particular, the D-FWA adsorption behavior must be monitored in paper mills to ensure the effective use of D-FWAs. This study used the zeta-potential of pulps as an indicator of the adsorption behavior of a D-FWA. We identified the relationship between the actual adsorption of the D-FWA and the zeta-potential of the pulps as a function of D-FWA addition. zeta-potential measurements were then used to analyze the D-FWA adsorption behavior under different conditions of pulp type, conductivity, and pH. The actual adsorption of a D-FWA was proportional to the Δzeta-potential of the pulps (i.e., the difference between the zeta-potential of a pulp containing no D-FWA and one containing the D-FWA). The Δzeta-potential of the pulps was therefore adopted for adsorption analysis. A higher adsorption of the D-FWA was observed onto Hw-BKP than onto Sw-BKP because of the shorter fiber length and higher fines content of Hw-BKP. A high conductivity and an acidic pH decreased the D-FWA adsorption because of direct effects of high ion concentrations and low pH on the D-FWA solubility. Therefore, a D-FWA must be added to Hw-BKP under low conductivity conditions and at neutral or alkaline pH to optimize the D-FWA adsorption.
이지영(Ji Young Lee),김철환(Chul Hwan Kim),박종혜(Jong Hye Park),김은혜(Eun Hea Kim),위상욱(Sang Wook Wi),성용주(Yong Joo Sung),허영준(Young Jun Heo),김연오(Yeon Oh Kim),황인영(In Young Hwang) 한국펄프·종이공학회 2015 펄프.종이기술 Vol.47 No.3
Fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs) are widely applied in the papermaking process to improve the CIE whiteness and the ISO brightness of papers. Large amounts of FWAs are used in the paper and paperboard industry, but no standard method exists for quantitative FWA analysis. Therefore, a new method is needed to analyze the presence of FWAs in paper and paperboard to control their additions and applications. In particular, FWA analysis must concentrate on those used for surface treatment of paper because their use in surface applications has increased recently. The purposes of this study were to measure the optical properties of papers surface-treated with oxidized starch containing FWAs and to deduce the regression equations for the quantitative analysis of FWAs used for surface treatments. Surface sizing was carried out to treat the surface of a base paper with T-FWA and H-FWA, and the pickup weight of the surface sized paper was measured to determine the real weight of FWAs transferred onto the paper surface. After surface sizing and preconditioning, the paper was evaluated for CIE whiteness, ISO brightness, fluorescence index, and reflectance at 440 nm using an Elrepho spectrophotometer. The CIE whiteness and the ISO brightness increased linearly as FWA content increased. The fluorescence index and the reflectance showed linear relationships with T-FWA and H-FWA. Linear regression equations were determined for the quantitative analysis of FWAs used for surface treatments.
이지영(Ji-Young Lee),임기백(Gi-Baek Lim),김선영(Sun-Young Kim),박종혜(Jong-Hye Park),김은혜(Eun-Hea Kim),성용주(Yong Joo Sung),허영준(Young-Jun Heo),김영훈(Young-Hun Kim),김연오(Youn-Ho Kim),이세란(Se-Ran Lee) 한국펄프·종이공학회 2014 펄프.종이기술 Vol.46 No.5
The cultivation of agricultural crops results in the generation of agricultural byproducts. Researchers have reported that these materials can be useful in a variety of applications. However, over 50% of them are currently discarded because of the lack of specific technologies in industrial applications. Therefore, effective and specific applications must be developed in order to manufacture high-quality materials using discarded lignocellulosic resources. In this study, we determined the possibility of using kraft pulp from major agricultural byproducts as a raw material for the manufacture of paperboard. Rice husks, peanut husks, and garlic stems were obtained and used to prepare many kinds of kraft pulps by controlling the active alkali, sulfidity, reaction time, and liquor ratio. After the production of these kraft pulps, handsheets were manufactured by mixing them with KOCC. After preconditioning, the physical properties and strengths of the handsheets were measured according to the TAPPI test methods. The shapes, lengths, and widths of the pulp fibers varied according to the type of agricultural byproduct and the kraft pulping conditions. Rice husk and garlic stem pulps manufactured under mild pulping conditions resulted in handsheets of higher bulk than other pulps. Garlic stem pulps manufactured under mild pulping conditions were stronger than rice husk pulps and peanut husk pulps.
이지영(Ji Young Lee),김철환(Chul Hwan Kim),박종혜(Jong Hye Park),김은혜(Eun Hea Kim),윤경태(Kyeong Tae Yun) 한국펄프·종이공학회 2015 펄프.종이기술 Vol.47 No.5
Wood powder is widely used in paperboard mills to increase bulk and reduce drying-energy consumption, but this material also deteriorates paper strength because it interferes with the bonds between fibers. Although there have been many studies done to improve the strength of paperboard containing wood powder, specific applications have not recently been observed in paperboard mills. In this study, we carried out a new approach for improving paperboard strength by developing a new organic filler with the ability to increase the bonds between fibers. The residue of tapioca starch was used as raw material to manufacture an organic filler. The functionalities, including bulk and strength, were evaluated by making handsheets containing either wood powder or tapioca organic filler, or a mixture of the two, and measuring their physical properties. The organic filler showed lower bulk improvement and higher paperboard strength than the wood powder. The mixture of tapioca organic filler and wood powder showed improved paperboard strength compared to wood powder alone. Therefore, tapioca residue can be used as a raw material to manufacture an organic filler for paperboard mills.
이지영(Ji Young Lee),김철환(Chul Hwan Kim),성용주(Yong Joo Sung),박종혜(Jong-Hea Park),김은혜(Eun Hea Kim) 한국펄프·종이공학회 2015 펄프.종이기술 Vol.47 No.5
As the production of palm oil has been increased, the generation of oil palm biomass is also increased and the utilization of the oil palm biomass become more significant topic. One third of the oil palm biomass is empty fruit bunch (EFB) and the other two thirds are oil palm trunks and fronds. However, the effective use of oil palm biomass has not been developed and most of it is discarded near oil palm plants. In this study, we investigated the applicability of EFB to the paperboard mills, as an organic filler. The new organic filler was manufactured in a laboratory by grinding and fractionating dried EFB powder, and its properties were analyzed. The particles of EFB organic filler were larger and more spherical than those of the commercial wood powder. The use of EFB organic filler resulted in a higher bulk of the handsheets with similar trends of physical strength, compared to those made with wood powder. It was concluded that EFB could be used as a raw material to manufacture organic filler for paperboard production.
형광증백제가 함유된 백상고지의 재활용에 따른 형광증백제의 거동 분석
이지영(Ji Young Lee),김철환(Chul Hwan Kim),박종혜(Jong-Hye Park),김은혜(Eun-Hea Kim),성용주(Yong Joo Sung),허영준(Young-Jun Heo),김영훈(Young-Hoon Kim),김연오(Yeon-Oh Kim) 한국펄프·종이공학회 2015 펄프.종이기술 Vol.47 No.1
White ledger usually includes white office paper, computer paper, and copy machine paper. Because these grades need high optical properties, fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs) are widely used in the papermaking process. FWAs are the most powerful and effective chemical used to obtain high CIE whiteness and ISO brightness in papers. The rising demand for white or ultra-white papers has increased the use of FWAs. However, FWAs used in white ledger can restrict its use, even though white ledger is widely used as a raw material in paperboard mills. Therefore, it is necessary to develop methods to control FWAs from white ledger to increase its use in paperboard mills. In this study, the behaviors of disulpho fluorescent whitening agent (D-FWA), tetrasulpo fluorescent whitening agent (T-FWA), and hexasulpho fluorescent whitening agent (H-FWA) during the recycling process were identified as a first step to remove FWAs from white ledger. We prepared four types of papers (dyed with D-FWA, T-FWA, and H-FWA), disintegrated these papers, and made handsheets. This recycling process was carried out three times in a laboratory. After each round of recycling, the handsheets CIE whiteness and fluorescence index were measured, and the distribution of FWAs in the Z-direction was observed using CLSM images. FWA reductions in the model papers were calculated using fluorescence indices as a function of the number of recycling. FWAs in handsheets containing T-FWA and H-FWA decreased linearly as a function of the number of recycling, but D-FWA did not show a significant reduction in the fluorescence index after recycling. T-FWA and H-FWA showed similar distributions of D-FWA after recycling. Therefore, as much T-FWA and H-FWA as possible must be detached in the early processes of papermaking at paperboard mills.
산업용지 현장테스트를 통한 왕겨 유기충전제 최적 사양 탐색
이지영(Ji Young Lee),김영훈(Young Hun Kim),김철환(Chul Hwan Kim),성용주(Yong Joo Sung),위상욱(Sang Wook Wi),박종혜(Jong-Hea Park),김은혜(Eun Hea Kim) 한국펄프·종이공학회 2015 펄프.종이기술 Vol.47 No.4
In the previous study, we investigated the physical properties of new organic fillers made from major agricultural byproducts, including rice husks, peanut husks and garlic stems, and we estimated that rice husk was the best candidate for use as new organic fillers in paperboard. In this study, an organic filler prototype was produced with rice husk and the mill trials were carried out in a white liner chipboard (duplexboard) mill. The rice husk organic filler was added to the middle ply of SC 350 g/㎡ to determine the optimal conditions for the manufacture of rice husk organic fillers. The mill trials were performed three times and the bulk improvement and drying energy reduction were measured to identify the functionality of the rice husk organic filler compared to that of the commercial wood powder. In the first mill trial, the test failed because the surface roughness of the duplexboard had deteriorated after the rice husk organic filler was added to the OCC stock. As all of the particles remaining on the 60 mesh sieves were removed and the particle size was decreased by increasing the length of the grinding process, the surface roughness of the duplexboard did not be deteriorated in the second mill trial. However, the bulk improvement and drying energy reduction were not observed. In the final mill trial, as the particle size of the rice husk organic filler was controlled by increasing the portion of particles passing through the 60 mesh sieves and remaining 100 mesh sieves, higher bulk improvement and drying energy reduction were acquired compared to the commercial wood powder.