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팔당호의 (八堂湖) 방사환경 (放射環境) 및 열수지(熱收支)
공동수,윤일병,류재근 ( Dong soo Kong,Il Byong Yoon,Jae Keun Ryu ) 한국하천호수학회 1996 생태와 환경 Vol.29 No.1
Lake Paldang is a man-made shallow lake with tributaries showing dendritic pattern. In case that solar energy at the outer airspace of Lake Paldang is considered as 100%, incident solar radiation at the lake surface occupies 41.8% as 107,602 gcal ·cm^-2 ·yr^-1; absorbed, reflected, and scattered solar energy in the air 30.7%; absorbed and reflected solar energy by cloud 27.5%, net-back radiation 18.4%; not solar energy 19.2%; evaporative heat loss 17.9%; latent heat loss after evaporation 1.4%; sensible heat intake and net-advected outflowed heat energy are 1.2% respectively; heat storage is -0.07%. Euphotic depth is about 2.5 times than transperance(Secchi Disc depth), and annual mean euphotic depth is 4.4 m. The coastal slope of lake substratum is so weak that the coastal euphotic area occupies 41.1% of total surface area and the littoral zone occupies 16% of the lake surface area. Ecological solar energy intake efficiency by annual gross primary production of phytoplankton with aquatic macrophytes is so high as 0.40%.
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공동수,윤일병,류재근 ( Dong soo Kong,Il Byong Yoon,Jae Keun Ryu ) 한국하천호수학회 1996 생태와 환경 Vol.29 No.1
Lake Paldang is an impounded stream which has dendritic tributaries in upstream area. The effluent ratio to the total rainfall in the drainage area is high upto 56.9% and Horton`s formation factor of the drainage basin is 0.162. Due to the shallowness(mean depth: 6.4 m), high fluctuation of water level, and high areal ratio of drainage basin to lake surface(the ratio: 628), lake ecosystem has tendency to be fragile, especially during the flooding period. Total precipitation in the drainage basin is 29,428×10^6 m^3·yr^-1 and the lake inflow is 16,686×10^6 m^3 ·yr^-1. Surface inflow occupies 99.7% and rainfall inflow in the lake surface is 0.3% of total inflow. Water volume used to generate eclectic power occupies 56.9% of total outflow; that used as drinking and industrial water supplies occupies 4.4%, and overflow during flooding period occupies 35.9%. Daily water level varies from `0`to 63 cm. The can be attributable to the high fluctuation of upstream discharge flow at Chongpyong dam. This fluctuation often causes flow direction at Kyongan stream to be reversed and ecosystem in upper layer of the lake to be disturbed. Hydraulic flushing rates and hydraulic retention times vary from 41 yr^-1 to 140 yr^-1 and 2.6days ·yr^-1 to 9.0 days ·yr^-1 respectively.
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