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환경 중 1,2-Benzisothiazol-3-one에 대한 초기 생태위해성 평가
한혜진(Hye Jin Han),김은주(Eun Ju Kim),유선경(Sun Kyoung Yoo),노희영(Hi Young Ro),백용욱(Yong Wook Baek),심일섭(Il Seob Shim),엄익춘(Ig Chun Eom),김현미(Hyun Mi Kim),김필제(Pil Je Kim),최경희(Kyung Hee Choi) 大韓環境工學會 2013 대한환경공학회지 Vol.35 No.3
본 연구에서는 벤즈이소시아졸리논의 초기 생태위해성을 평가하기 위해 물리·화학적 특성과 환경거동 및 경로를 조사하였고, 어류, 물벼룩 및 조류를 이용한 수생태 독성시험을 수행하였다. 조사 결과, 벤즈이소시아졸리논은 비휘발성으로 환경 중 주로 토양과 물에 분포하는 특성이 있으며, 토양 내 이동성과 생물농축 가능성이 낮은 편으로 나타났다. Oryzias laties를 이용한 급성 독성시험 결과 96시간-LC50 값은 4.7 mg/L(측정농도), Daphnia magna를 이용한 48시간-EC50 값은 3.3mg/L(측정농도)이었다. Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata를 이용한 72시간-EC50 값은 0.456 mg/L(평균 성장률, 설정농도)와 0.262mg/L(수율, 설정농도)이었다. 시험 종 가운데 독성에 가장 민감한 조류의 수율 EC50 값에 평가 계수 100을 적용한 예측무영향 농도는 2.62 μg/L이었다. 각 시험군의 독성 종말점을 GHS (Globally Harmonized System) 기준에 따라 분류한 결과 조류 독성은 급성독성 1등급, 어류 및 물벼룩 독성은 급성독성 2등급에 해당되었다. 본 결과를 토대로 볼 때 벤즈이소시아졸리논은 생태환경에 대한 위해성이 예측된다. In this study, physico-chemical properties and environmental fate were investigated and ecotoxicity tests using fish, daphnia and algae were conducted for an initial ecological risk assessment of 1,2-Benzisothiazol-3-one. Due to low volatility of the test substance under environmental conditions, it is likely to distributed in soil and water environment. The compound has low adsorption in the soil, with low bioconcentration potential. Acute toxicity results showed that 96 h-LC50 for Oryzias laties was 4.7 mg/L (measured) and 48h-EC50 for Daphnia magna was 3.3 mg/L (measured). In a growth inhibition test with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, 72 h-EC50 was 0.456 mg/L (growth rate, nominal) and 0.262 mg/L (yield, nominal). Using the acute toxicity value of algae, predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC) in the aquatic environment was determined to be 2.62 μg/L using an factor of 100. According to globally harmonized system (GHS), the compound was categorized as aquatic acute 1 for algae, while it was categorized as aquatic acute 2 for fish and daphnia. This screening assessment suggests that the test substance may pose ecological risks in the aquatic environment.
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보문 : 대량생산화학물질 초기위해성평가: 시안화구리의 초기 생태위해성평가
백용욱 ( Yong Wook Baek ),김은주 ( Eun Ju Kim ),유선경 ( Sun Kyoung Yoo ),노희영 ( Hee Young Ro ),김현미 ( Hyun Mi Kim ),엄익춘 ( Ig Chun Eom ),김필제 ( Pil Je Kim ) 한국하천호수학회(구 한국육수학회) 2011 생태와 환경 Vol.44 No.3
Copper cyanide is a chemical produced in large quantities with 2,500 tonnes being produced in 2006. It is mainly used for electroplating copper, particularly alkali-Cu plate and brass plating. The purpose of this study is to reassess the physicochemical properties and environmental fate of copper cyanide based on reliable data and and to conduct an ecotoxicity test according to the OECD test guidelines as an initial environmental risk assessment (need to state where this was done). Metal containing inorganic substances are not subject to degradation, biodegradation or hydrolysis. Aquatic toxicity tests of copper cyanide were conducted according to OECD test guideline 201, 202 and 203 for green algae, daphnia, and fish, respectively. The following acute toxicity test results were obtained for aquatic species: 0.089 mg L-1 (Algae, 72 Hr-EC50); 0.21 mg L-1(flea, 48 Hr-LC50); 0.62 mg L-1 (Fish, 96 Hr-ErC50). The chemical possesses properties indicating a hazard for the aquatic environment (acute toxicity in fish, daphnia and algae below 1.0 mg L-1). As a result of this study, copper cyanide has become a candidate for detailed risk assessment. Countries that produce this chemical in significant quantities are recommended to perform specific assessments.
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김은주 ( Eun Ju Kim ),김현미 ( Hyun Mi Kim ),유선경 ( Sun Kyoung Yoo ),백용욱 ( Yong Wook Baek ),노희영 ( Hee Young Ro ),엄익춘 ( Ig Chun Eom ),김필제 ( Pil Je Kim ) 한국환경분석학회 2011 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.14 No.3
Thiram is a High Production Volume Chemical (HPV), mainly used as vulcanizing agents in the rubber industry, complexing agents and catalyser. In Korea, the production volume is about 604 tonnes/year as of 2006. The aim of this present investigation is to evaluate the toxic potential of thiram for the environment. In this study, Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSARs) are used to get adequate information on the environment fate and pathways. In water, this substance is rapidly broken down by hydrolysis and photodegradation, especially under acidic conditions. It is not readily biodegradable and has a low bioaccumulation potential. 72 hr-EC50 (growth rate) and 72hr-EC50 (yield) for algae were 0.19 mg/L, 0.060 mg/L, respectively. The 48hr-EC50 for daphnia was 0.036 mg/L and the 96hr-LC50 of acute toxicity to fish was 0.17 mg/L. From the acute toxicity value of algae, daphnia and fish, an assessment factor of 100 was used to determine the predicted no effect concentration (PNEC). The PNEC was calculated to be 0.36 μg/L based on the 48hr-EC50 daphnia (0.036 mg/L). Based on these data, it is concluded that the substance possesses properties hazardous to the environment. Therefore, environment exposure assessment is recommended.
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