프랑스 품종보호제도의 운영

김옥례 한국종자연구회 2010 종자과학과 산업 Vol.7 No.2

이슈마엘 : 19세기 미국 예술가의 초상

金玉禮 한국영어영문학회 1995 영어 영문학 Vol.41 No.2

콜레라에 대한 전반적인 이해

김옥례,방휘영,윤태인,김정숙,손광혜,이춘호,최성희 이화여자대학교 건강교육학과 1970 건강교육 Vol.- No.4

안나 울프 : 꿈의 좌절과 극복

김옥례 철도전문대학교 2004 論文集 Vol.19 No.-

Doris Lessing is a great novelist in the late 20th century England. Many scholars have tried to compare Lessing with the other great writer, Charles Dickens. Their differences show us the value of Lessing's point of view. Dickens as a great realistic novelist, always penetrated and explored social problems. But in the process, he presents his solutions to problems without completely removing himself from the prevailing ideology. His limited view is caused by his ideological uncertainty and in the end forces us to doubt his sense of reality. On the other hand Lessing insists that the deconstruction of the prevalent ideology is necessary for the true humanistic society. In her Golden Notebook by describing the Communist Party's collapse, Lessing reveals the falsehood of ideologies. The characteristics of the modern society's disintegration is efficiently represented by the fragmented structure of Golden Notebook. In her early realism novels Lessing put emphasis on the importance of social structure reformation for the social problems such as false conventions, racial discrimination, and etc. After confronting the reality of communism Lessing searched for the principle of unification for solving all kinds of problems. Furthermore she insists that the renewal of individual consciousness is very important as way-out from the present social dilemma. It is represented by Anna Wulf's pursuit for integration in Golden Notebook.

영어교육 자료로서의 영화 『위대한 개츠비』

김옥례 철도전문대학교 2006 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

There have made many films of Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby. The most famous one is Jack Clayton's movie that was produced in 1974. It made its great effort to contain the unforgettable beautiful expression of the original novel and the author's message. The result is that this movie is helpful not only in studying simple and practical English expression but also in understanding 'American Dream' and the typical mentality of people. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the film, The Great Gatsby as an English education material. The basic material for this analysis is the questionaries for observing students' responses and opinions of "English Reading Class Through Movies". The results are as follows; The film, Great Gatsby is an efficient English Education Material in encouraging students' motivation for English studying. However, some of them want to study the recently made films for English class. The Great Gatsby has been estimated as an suitable text for students' level. It is also considered as the efficient material for understanding American Culture totally. Today many scholars have reached to the same conclusion that cultural education is equally important as the other four English skills, such as listening, reading, speaking, and writing skill. Finally this survey shows that students want to have high TOEIC scores and more conversation classes. Consequently I would like to suggest to develop a new course, titled as "TOEIC through Movies" in a near future. As widely known, TOEIC has been an important test for measuring people's English proficiency. This research shows that our students have strong concern for this test. And also we could notice that film is the useful education material for encouraging students' interest and motivation for English studying.

멜빌 단편소설을 통해 본 19세기 미국지식인의 딜레마: 『종탑』을 중심으로

김옥례 한국중앙영어영문학회 2018 영어영문학연구 Vol.60 No.2

As Melville’s frustration grew deeper as a result of the reading public’s misunderstanding of his novels such as Moby-Dick and Pierre, his family urged him to travel around European countries and put a stop to his career as a writer. However, in the period of the mid-1850s, he went down the path of more professional artist. In order to satisfy the tastes of the reading public and to pursue his own truth-seeking mission, he made a decision to write short stories for the popular Putnam’s and Harper’s monthly magazine. For the purpose of analyzing Melville’s message in this period, I focused on the collection of short stories, the Piazza Tales, and especially on one story, “The Bell-Tower.” The first story, “The Piazza”, functions as an introduction, presaging the ensuing message of criticism of slavery and emphasizing the unreliable narrator’s viewpoint. Based on these directions, I analyzed “The Bell-Tower.” As an ideal type of intellectual, Bannadonna tries to realize the Renaissance humanism by constructing the bell clock tower, and in the process he is sacrificed by the mechanical utilitarian society symbolized by Talus’ attack of his brain. As seen in his death and the fall of the bell tower and the old capital, it is necessary to find a way out from the social contradiction of the 19th century U.S.

영화 센스 앤 센서빌러티에 나타난 암묵적인 사회 비판

김옥례 영상영어교육학회 2015 영상영어교육 (STEM journal) Vol.16 No.3

Ang Lee’s film Sense and Sensibility could be used as an educational material for understanding 19th century British society. The film is written and directed in accordance with the message of the original text. Austen has been misunderstood as a typical female writer who indulges in a small world of marriage and romance. However, the author implies her social criticism of economic injustice confronting the underprivileged class. Lee’s film efficiently delivers the author’s message. From the first scene of Mr. Dashwood’s deathbed, we can recognize the disastrous situation of women. In the final scene of Brandon’s wedding ceremony, his tossing many coins into the air and the common people’s picking them up is shown in close-up. In Sense and Sensibility there are two main characters, Elina and Marianne. The former has sharp insight about her survival game, while the latter sticks to her romantic idealism. After overcoming her serious sickness Marianne manages to reach the conclusion of accepting Brandon as her husband. However, Brandon takes the role of backbone in this gloomy society. It implies that the married lives of Marianne and Elina seem to be dark and gloomy. To overcome that, the author suggests the sisterhood between them.

닫힌 사회, 그리고 멜빌소설의 열린 구조-[모비딕]과 [빌리 버드]를 중심으로

김옥례 19세기영어권문학회 2007 19세기 영어권 문학 Vol.11 No.2

As a kind of forerunner of the “Nouveau Roman” Melville pursued the discovery of the most suitable artistic form for his novels. One of the typical characteristics of his novels is that their open plots are based on the method of “careful disorderliness”. Consequently the reader must have eagle eyes to see beyond the surface plot, to the “inside narrative”, as we find in the subtitle of Melville's final novel, Billy Budd. It is said that “Nouveau Roman” was able to come into existence for the purpose of liberating people from the oppressive social structure in mid-20th century France. Similarly, in mid-19th century, most Americans, even the intellectuals, could not escape from the deep influence of the dominant “Manifest Destiny” ideology, which was just a means of rationalizing their nation's expansionism strategy. However, they did not hesitate to describe their political ideology as a universal truth. This paper will study Melville's open structure technique, especially in his two important novels, Moby-Dick and Billy Budd. Before examining them we must remember the fact that there exists an aesthetic distance between the implied author and the narrator in Melville's novels. Narrators are representative of the typical 19th century American writers who were deeply influenced by the dominant ideology. Consequently their artistic form is a kind of allegory that has a completely balanced form and a closed structure. In contrast, the implied author's artistic form has an open structure. It is necessary for the reader of Melville to argue against the unreliable narrator's statements in order to understand the author's message. For that purpose we must recognize the reflectivity between the main narration and other narratives such as preface and sequel. In the case of Moby-Dick, we can find that there are 3 narrative texts, Ishmael's, Usher's “Etymology”, and Sub-sub-Librarian's “Extracts”. Likewise, in Billy Budd we may approach the true fact of Billy Budd's tragedy by comparing the narrator's account with the sailor's ballad, “Billy In the Darbies”, and with the naval chronicle. By examining Melville's novels and focusing on his technique, we may conclude that the author tried to overcome the oppressive and confined social structure. In the process of finding out the true message of his complex and open-ended novels, the readers themselves can escape from the narrow perspective of the dominant ideology and find themselves educated according to the author's intentions. That is to say, through the process of these readers' active creation of meaning, Melville wants to educate them in a sense of their society and also to help them break out of their familar and limited understanding of reality. The result is that the eagle-eyed reader will develop the same deep recognition of their enclosed society as the author himself. Consequently, we can conclude that Melville sincerely tries to realize the artist's truth-seeking mission.

고통과 치유의 문학: 호건의 『고래 족』을 중심으로

김옥례 한국중앙영어영문학회 2014 영어영문학연구 Vol.56 No.4

As a narrative of suffering and healing, Linda Hogan’s People of the Whale shows us the author’s political-spiritual agenda for a terrestrial community. As a woman warrior Ruth takes an active role for a terrestrial community, following the whale map that implies the realization of the middle place among races, human beings and other living things. With sharp foresight she can recognize the commercial nature of whaling undertaken by the tribal council men with the slogan of revitalizing their traditions. Consequently she has strongly resisted the whaling in order to regain the true traditional intimate relationship with whales. On the other hand, her husband Thomas has gone through trial-and-errors for his recognition. First as an American soldier in the Vietnam War, Thomas was able to recognize the Americans’ cruel victimization of the Vietnamese under the slogan of American ideology. In order to overcome his complete sense of loss and failure, he has to indulge in a journey to find his true identity. As one of the ways-out he participates in his tribe’s whaling expedition. However, he also realizes that whaling is just as violent as the Vietnam War. His journey can be realized after his death. As a reborn and more mature person, Thomas is able to follow the directions of the whale map and takes a lead in realizing traditional ways of life. The author suggests the true way of healing by the efforts of these two main characters. They can realize a genuine terrestrial community that maintains harmonious and equal relationships among peoples, and with other living things.

허구 만들기로서의 미국독립혁명 신화: 멜빌의 『이스라엘 포터』를 중심으로

김옥례 한국중앙영어영문학회 2020 영어영문학연구 Vol.62 No.1

Melville’s historical novel, Israel Potter sets out to depict the sacrifice of the common patriot that had been forgotten as a consequence that followed from the ideology of commemoration culture. During the 19th century, American society confronted the emergence and spread of market capitalism, as a result of which materialism and practicality, symbolized by the philosophy of Franklin, dominated that society. In the attempts to escape from this mental barrenness, two developments occurred, namely the ascent of fervent patriotism and of transcendentalism. However, Melville critiques these as exploiting the victimization of the common people, while at the same time ironically strengthening the dominant ideologies of materialism and nationalism. If we focus on the life of Israel Potter taking the implied author’s viewpoint, the false consciousness of the dominant class, with its monumentalist view of their history, is inevitably revealed. They forget too easily the sacrifice made by the common people to buttress their revolutionary heroism. Melville, for his part, in order to deconstruct this false consciousness, tries to show the reality of 19th century American society through the metaphor of a pyramid-like monument.