田作物 水分消費量 調査 硏究

김시원,이경희,도덕현,Kim, Shi-Won,Lee, Kyong-Hi,Doh, Duk-Hyun 한국농공학회 1984 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.26 No.2

The study results of the mosture consumption character and irrigation effect of tomato, red pepper and chinese cabbage, in case the soil moisture is kept with different moisture content by the soil properties(loam, sandy loam, sand), are summarized as follows: 1. The available rainfall under bare soil condition had an order of sand>sandy loam> loam and their average was 64.2%. 2. Total moisture consumption under bare soil condition had an order of loam>sandy loam>sand and their average was 4.2mm. 3. The amount of irrigated water to keep certain soil moisture under bare soil condition showed minimum in sand and maximum in loam. It is considered because the capillary phenomenon was more developed in loam. 4. Total moisture consumption of tomatoes under premature cultivation showed 925mm in maximum and had on order of loam>sandy loam>sand. In the aspect of re-irrigation point, it had an order of PF 1.5> PF 1.7>PF 2.1. In case the twenty years's drought frequency was taken into account, the target amount of irrigation water meeded for premature cultivation was 916mm and its average daily moisture consumption was 10.8mm. 5. Total moisture consumption of red pepper under open cultivation showed 1145mm in maximum and had an order of loam>Sandy loam>sand. In the aspect of re-irrigation frequency was taken into consideration the target amount of irrigation water was 1,174.8mm and its average daily moisture consumption was 8.0mm. 6. Total moisture consumption of autumn chinese cabbages was 349mm in maximum and had an order of loam>sandy loam>sand. In the aspect of re-irrigation point, it had an order of PF 1.5>PF 2.1>PF 2.7. In case the twenty year's drought frequency was taken into account, the target amount of irrigation water needed for chinese cabbage cultivation was 259.5mm and its average daily moisture consumption was 6.5mm. 7. It is effective to keep the soil moisture of tomato from PF 1.5 to PF 2.1 in loam and the soil moisture control was effective in sandy loam than red pepper and chinese cabbage. In sand, the production was severaly decreased and the re-irrigation point of PF 1.5 was effective.

밭 관개(灌漑)의 계획용수량(計劃用水量) 및 시설용량(施設容量)의 정립(定立)에 관한 연구(硏究) -증발산량(蒸發散量) 실측(實測)에 의한 밭용수량(用水量)의 추정(推定)에 관하여-

김시원 ( Kim Shi Won ),김선주 ( Kim Sun Joo ) 한국농공학회 1988 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.30 No.4

The evaportranspiration of upland crops was measured by four types of lysimeter and water consumption characteristics together with the optimum irrigation point by the crops was defind. Among the evapotranspiration estimation formulas, the constant of wind function in the modified Penman equation was corrected to agree with the meteorological conditions of Korea. The evapotranspiration of the crops in the project standard year was estimated according to the cropping system of the project area in Chungju, and from the estimated evapotras - spiration, net duty of water per one time and irrigation in tervals were investigated. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The evapotranspiration of the same crop measured at the same plot was slightly different by the lysimetric methods, and among the four types of lysimeter, the accuracy of the floating lysimeter was the highest. 2. The yields among the watering treatments showed the significance of 5% in the expe- riment with red cabbage and Chinese cabbage, and significance of 1% in the crisphead lettuce, and the optimum irrigation point for the tested crops was defined ad pF 2.0 by the least squre difference test. 3. The evapotranspiration of the crops in the mid-season stage showed maximum among the growing stages, and the average daily evapotranspiration by the crops over the growing seasons of cabbage, crisphead lettuce, Chinese cabbage, summer cucumber, tornato, salary and autumn cucumber was 4.18mm, 4.77mm, 3.9qrnm, 5.68mnn, joonim, 4.26mm and 3.3qrnn, respectively. 4. From the investigated soil moisture extration pattern(SMEP) of the crisphead lettuce, cucumber and tomato, the proportion of the first layer in the initial stage showed over so%, and the SMEP of the lowest fourth layer during the late-season stage in the experiment cabbage and Chinese cabbage was 15.8% and 16.9, respectively, with showed that the root elongated th the lowest soil layer. 5. The total available moisture(TAM) of clay loam was 21.2-23.3mm and that of sandy loam was 16.1 - 19.0mm under the optimum irrigation point of pF. 2.0, and the total readily available moisture( TRAM) of the crops cultivated in the clay loam soil was larger than that cultivated in the sandy loam soil, and the TRAM during the mid-and late-season were larger than that of the inital and crop development stage. 6. The estimated evapotranspration by the corrected Pennam equation, whkh corrected the constant of the wind function in the modified Penman equation, was nearly agreed with the actually measured evaporanspiration of grass. 7. Among the several evaportranspiration estimation methods, the evapotranspiration es- timated by the corrected Pennam equation was closed to the actual evapotranspiration of reference crop (grass) evapotranspiration, therefore it is suggested to use the corrected Penman equation to determine the duty of water of corps. 8. The average crop coefficient (Kc) of cabbage by the corrected Penman equation was 0.94 and that of crisphead lettuce, summer cucumber, tomato, salary, Chinese cabbage and autumn cucumber was 1.07, 1.22, 1.02, 1.01, 1.35, 1.09, respectively 9. The estimated total evapotranspiration of cabbage in the project area( Chungju) by the corrected Penman equation was 223.9mm and that of crisphead lettuce, Chinese cabbage, summer cucumber, tomato, salary and auturun cucumber was 215.7mm, 205.9mm, 359.Omrn, 300.9mm, 332.lmm and 202.7mm, respectively. 10. The net duty of water per one time of the crops cultivated in the sandy loam soil, and the net duty of water per one time in the mid-season & late-season showed larger than that of the initial stage. 11. The shortest irrigation interval of cabbage in the project area was 4.2 days, and that of crisphead lettuce, Chinese cabbage, cucumber, tomato and salary was 1.2days, 2.3days, 1.8days, 2.2days and 2.7days, respectively.

대단위농업(大單位農業) 종합개발사업(綜合開發事業)에 있어서의 수리(水理) 수문학상(水文學上)의 문제점(問題點)과 해결방안(解決方案)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

김시원 ( Shi Won Kim ),이성태 ( Seong Tae Lee ),최규홍 ( Kyu Hong Choi ) 한국농공학회 1979 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.21 No.2

This report summarizes the findings of investigations and studies conducted through fieldtrips and an opinionnaire over a period of 11 months from July 1978 to May 1979 on various problems involved in hydraulic and hydrological phases of 12 large-scale comprehensive agricultural development project, Pyeongtaek-Kumgang, 1st stage and 2nd stage of Yongsangang, Kyungju, Gyehwado, Sapgyocheon, Imjin, Changryung, Miho, Namgang and Nakdonggang which are either completed or imdrocess of implentation for rural modernization in Korea.

Floating Lysimeter 에 의한 가을배추의 소비수량(消費水量) 조사연구(調査硏究)

김시원 ( Kim Shi Won ),김선주 ( Kim Sun Joo ),김준석 ( Kim Joon Seok ) 한국농공학회 1987 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.29 No.2

This study was fulfilled by the floating lysimeter method at the experimental farm of Kon-Kuk University from August to November of 1986 to investigate the amount of evapotranspiration by the growing periods, evapotranspiration ratio, amount of watering per one time, days of intermission, soil moisture extraction pattern and crop coefficient of the Chinese cabbage cultivated in the sandy loam soil at the watering point of pF2.0. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The total evapotranspiration during the growing period was 267.2mm, which was 3.99mm by daily average, and the maximum evapotranspiration showed in the mid ten days of September with the value of 5.81mm / day. 2. The evapotranspiration ratio by the growing stages increased from the last ten days of September and showed maximum in the beginning of October, and the average evapotranspiration ratio was 1.4. 3. The days of watering intermission at the watering point of pF2.0 was 2.4 days, and the average yield per plant was 3,228 g. 4. The soil moisture extraction pattern in the initial stage was 78.9 % in the 1st and 2nd soil layer and 21.1 % in the 3rd and 4th layer, and the mid-season stage, the moisture extraction proportion of the under layer accounted for 38.8 % which showed that the root elongated to the lowest soil layer. 5. The average crop coefficient(Kc) of the tested crop during the growing period was 0.67 by Penman equation and 2.36 by Pan Evaporation equation, which showed high difference by the calculation methods, and the changes of crop coefficient by the growing stages by Penman equation was favorable than those calculated by other methods.

답(畓)의 범용화(汎用化)를 위한 배수처리(排水處理)가 대두(大豆)의 생육(生育) 및 수량(收量)에 미치는 영향(影響)

김시원 ( Kim Shi Won ),김선주 ( Kim Sun Joo ),김형중 ( Kim Hyeong Joong ) 한국농공학회 1991 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.33 No.1

This study was fulfilled by the drainage treatment method at the experimental farm of Kon-Kuk University from May to November of 1990 to investigate the effect of the differences of ground water level on the growth and yield of soybean for the multipurpose of paddy fields. The results are summarized as follows : 1. Soil texture of the paddy land was silty clay loam, and that of upland was clay loam. The acidity of the paddy and upland was more or less of the normal value and the organic matter content and available P₂O₅ was below the normal value, respectively. 2. Total amount of rainfall during the experimental period was 1862.9 mm which is over 600 mm compare to the normal year and evaporation amount (standard class A pan), sunshine hours and radiation showed small value compare to the normal year. Air temperature during the experimental period was 2~3℃ lower than that of normal year and relative humidity was also lower than that of normal year. 3. Field capacity of the paddy and upland soil was 31.3% and 26.7%, respectively and the moisture content of upland soil showed generally high value as 33.4% in the middle of July because of the continuous rainfall except last ten days of September and October. The moisture content of paddy soil also showed high value during the whole growing period since the surrounding paddy land was in watered condition and high rainfall, and the soil moisture content dropped slightly when the depth of drainage treatment was deep. 4. Stem length of the standard plot(upland) was more than 10 cm higher compare to that of the paddy plots and the highest was 45.7 cm of the treatment plot which the ground water level was kept below 40 cm, and in general, there was no distinguished differences between the drainage treatments. Number of branches were about 4 to 5 and also there was no differences between the treatments. Nodes per plant of the paddy land plots were about 14.4 to 15.5, and that of the standard plot was 17.2. 5. Seeds per plant of the standard plot showed higher than that of the, paddy land plots, and the number of seeds below the 60 cm treatment plot decreased. The 100 seed weight showed no differences between the treatments, and the seed weight per plant of the standard plot was heavier than that of the paddy land plots, and when the ground water level of the paddy plot was below 60 cm, the seed weight per plant decreased sharply, therefore it seemed that the optimum ground water level of the drained paddy land is 40 to 60 cm from the surface.

한해시기 및 작물생육기별 물 관리의 수확량에 미치는 영향조사연구

김시원 ( Shi Won Kim ),이기춘 ( Ki Chun Lee ) 한국농공학회 1970 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.12 No.2

田作物 水分消費量 調査 硏究(II)

김시원 ( Kim Shi Won ),최덕수 ( Choi Duck Soo ) 한국농공학회 1985 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.27 No.1

To define the amount of consumptive use of upland crops, the moisture consumption characters were investigated with different soil moisture content by soil properties(loam, sandy loam, sand) at the experimental farm of Kon-Kuk University from April 20 to July 20 1984. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. Total moisture consumption under bare soil condition had an order of loam> sandy loam> sand and showed an order of pF 1.5> pF2. 1> pF 2.7 by re-irrigation point and the average during the experimental period (92days) was 435. 9mm and the daily average moisture consumption was 4. 7mm. 2. The moisture consumption characters of bare soil plot obtained showed that the amount of irrigation water per one time and the days of intermission increased and, on the contrary, the times of irrigation and the total amount of irrigation water decreased by the increment of re-irrigation point in the same soil 3. Total moisture consumption of spring cabbage under open cultivation showed 528.6 rim in maximum and had an order of loam> sandy loam> sand. In the aspect of rc-irrigation point, it had an order of pF1. 5> pF 2.1> pF 2.7. In case the planning basic year was taken into account, the amount of irrigation water needed for open cultivation was 456. 3 mm and its average daily moisture consumption was 6. 2mm. 4. Total moisture consumption of summer cucumber under open cultivation showed 635. 8mm in maximum and had an order of loam> sandy loam> sand. In the aspect of re-irrigation point, it had an order of pF 1.5> pF2. 1> pF2. 7 In case the planning basic year was taken into consideration, the amount of irrigation water was 516. 9mm and its aversge daily moisture consumption was 6. 5mm. 5. The result of cabbage cultivation showed its maximum yield in loam soil when the pF values were maintained from 1,5 to 2.1 and then the evapotranspiration ratio was 1, 76 and also when the amount of irrigation water were similar, it showed effective to reduce the days of intermtission. 6. The result of cucumber cultivation showed its maximum yield in sandy loam soil when the pF value maintained from 1.5 to 1.7 and when the irrigation point maintained at pF 2.7 in sandy soil, its yield was severely decreased.

전작물(田作物) 수분소비량(水分消費量) 조사(調査) 연구(硏究)

김시원 ( Kim Shi Won ),이경희 ( Lee Kyong Hi ),도덕현 ( Doh Duk Hyun ) 한국농공학회 1984 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.26 No.2

The study results of the moisture consumption character and irrigation effect of tomato, red pepper and chinese cabbage, in case the soil moisture is kept with different moisture content by the soil properties(loam, sandy loam, sand), are summarized as follows: 1. The available rainfall under bare soil condition had an order of sand>sandy loam> loam and their average was 64.2%. 2. Total moisture consumption under bare soil condition had an order of loam>sandy loam>sand and their average from May 7, 1983 to Oct. 31, 1983(total 178 days) was 750.2mm and their daily average was 4.2mm. 3. The amount of irrigated water to keep certain soil moisture under bare soil condition showed minimum in sand and maximum in loam. It is considered because the capillary phenomenon was more developed in loam. 4. Total moisture consumption of tomatoes under premature cultivation showed 925mm in maximum and had on order of loam>sandy loam>sand. In the aspect of re-irrigation point, it had an order of PF 1.5> PF 1.7>PF 2.1. In case the twenty years's drought frequency was taken into account, the target amount of irrigation water meeded for premature cultivation was 916mm and its average daily moisture consumption was 10.8mm. 5. Total moisture consumption of red pepper under open cultivation showed 1145mm in maximum and had an order of loam>Sandy loam>sand. In the aspect of re-irrigation frequency was taken into consideration the target amount of irrigation water was 1,174.8mm and its average daily moisture consumption was 8.0mm. 6. Total moisture consumption of autumn chinese cabbages was 349mm in maximum and had an order of loam>sandy loam>sand. In the aspect of re-irrigation point, it had an order of PF 1.5>PF 2.1>PF 2.7. In case the twenty year's drought frequency was taken into account, the target amount of irrigation water needed for chinese cabbage cultivation was 259.5mm and its average daily moisture consumption was 6.5mm. 7. It is effective to keep the soil moisture of tomato from PF 1.5 to PF 2.1 in loam and the soil moisture control was effective in sandy loam than red pepper and chinese cabbage. In sand, the production was severaly decreased and the re-irrigation point of PF 1.5 was effective.

시설채소(施設菜蔬)의 수경재배방법별(水耕栽培方法別) 소비수량(消費水量)과 생육(生育)에 관한 연구(硏究)

김시원 ( Kim Shi Won ),이경희 ( Lee Kyung Hee ),김유현 ( Kim You Hyun ),김선주 ( Kim Sun Joo ),임창영 ( Lim Chang Young ) 한국농공학회 1989 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.31 No.1

In the vinyl house cultivation, the water consumption, evapotranspiration ratio, growth condition by the growing stages and yields of tomato and cucumber were investigated when they cultivated by nutriculture, rice hull charcoal culture and NFF culture. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The mean air temperature in the vinyl house during the experimental period was 1.9℃ higher than the outdoor air temperature, the maximum and minimum air temperature in the vinyl house was 4.6℃ and 1.7℃ higher than the outdoor temperature, respectively, and the mean daily evaporation in the vinyl house during the experimental period was 4.3mm that is 02mm more than the outdoor evaporation. 2. In the tomato cultivation, the growth of rice hull charcoal culture was the best among the three methods, and the growth of NFT culture and nutriculture were worse than the soil cultivation which is standard, and among the nutriculture, the growth of EC 1.3m.mho plot was the best. 3. In the cucumber cultivation, the growth of rice hull charcoal culture was the best, and while the growth condition of NFT culture was worse than the standard soil cultivation, the growth of nutriculture was better than the standard soil cultivation, and the growth of EC 1.3m.mho plot was the highest among the different treatments in the nutriculture. 4. In the tomato cultivation, the total water consumption of rice hull charcoal culture plot was 1107.5mm which is the highest amount among the three methods, and in the nutriculture, the total water consumption of EC 1.3m.mho plot was 221.4mm which is the highest among the three different treatments. 5. In the cucumber cultivation, the total water consumption of rice hull charcoal culture was 11762mm which is the highest, and the total water consumption of EC 1.3m.mho plot was 284.9mm which is more than the 278.9mm of EC 1.5mmho plot and 262.9mm of EC 1.7mmho plot. 6. The crop coefficient(Kc) of tomato was 0.82 in NFT culture, 4.67 in rice hull charcoar culture and 0.86~0.91 in nutriculture. 7. The crop coefficient(Kc) of cucumber was higher than tomato as 1.13 in NFT culture, 520 in rice hull charcoal culture and 1.08~1.19 in nutriculture. 8. The evapotranspiration ratio in the mid and late season were higher than the beginning and elongation stage, and the average evaportranspiration ratio of tomato and cucumber was 3.81 and 424, respectively, in the rice hull charcoal culture plot. 9. In the tomato cultivation, the total yield per plant of rice bull charcoal culture was 1443.0g which is the highest, and in the nutriculture, their yields were worse because of the damage of downy nildew di-sease. 10. In the cucumber cultivation, the total yield per plant of rice hull charcoal culture was 1965.7g which is the highest, and while the yield of NFT culture was about 25% lower than the stadard soil cultivation, the yield of nutriculture was higher than the standard soil cultivation, and among the treatments in the nutriculture, the yield of EC 1.3m.mho plot was the highest.

Weighing Lysimeter에 의한 결구(結球)상치의 증발산량(蒸發散量) 조사연구(調査硏究)

김시원 ( Kim Shi Won ),김선주 ( Kim Sun Joo ),노희수 ( Noh Hee Soo ) 한국농공학회 1986 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.28 No.4

This study was fulfilled by the weighing lysimeter method at the experimental farm of Kon-Kuk University from April to June of 1986 to investgate the amount of evapotranspiration (ET-lettuec)by the growing periods, evapotranspiration ratio, amount of watering per one time, days of intermission and soil moisture extraction pattern of the crisphead lettuce cultivated in the clay loam soil by different watering points of pF1.7, pF2.0, pF2.7. The results obtained are summar ized as follows : 1. The total evapotranspiration(ETlettuce) of the pFl.7 treatment plot was 358,9mm., 314.9mm in the pF2.0 plot and 281.8mm in the pF2.7 plot, therefore the total ETlettuec increased with the difference of 33mm-44mm by the decrease of watering point. 2. The daily maximum ETlettuce by the watering points was 7.66mm, 6:54mm, 5.98mm, respectively in the last ten days of May, and the mean daily ETlettuce during the growing season by the watering points of pF1.7, pF2.0 and pF2.7 was 5.44mm(384.5g), 4.77mm(337.2g) and 4.27mm(301.8g), respectively. 3. The evapotranspiration ratio showed maximum value in the middle of May which was the beginning of mid-season stage, and the mean evapotranspiration ratio during the total growing period was 1A7, 1.29, 1.15 by the watering points. 4. The days of watering intermission by the watering points of pF1.7, pF2.0 and pF2.7 was 1.0day, 2.9days and 12.Sdays, respectively. 5. The yield of the crisphead lettuce by the watering treatments showed very high significance, and the pF2.0 was confirmed as a optimum watering point. 6. The soil moisture extraction pattern(SMEP) of the pF2.0 treatment plot in the initial stage was 85.6% in the 1st and 2nd soil layer and 14.4% in the 3rd and 4th layer, and in the midseason stage, the moisture extraction proportion of the under layer accounted for 34.7%which showed that the root elongated to the lowest soil layer, and there was no difference of the SMEP between the mid-season and late-season stage. 7. The correlation coefficient between the ETlettuce and yield of lettuce by the three watering points was 0.739, which showed the significance of 5%.