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김상문(Sang Moon Kim),정원택(Won Taek Jeong),김경천(Kyung Chun Kim) 한국가시화정보학회 2010 한국가시화정보학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.11
A visualization study to evaluate bubble motion in a tab water filled cylindrical tank with a varying flow rate of compressed air is conducted. The flow rate of compressed air varies from 1 to 5[L/min]. Time resolved images are acquired by a high speed camera in 10 bit gray level at 100 [fps] and the measurement volume is irradiated by a 230 [w] halogen lamp. It is observed that there are three different regions; the bubble formation region, the rising bubble region and the free surface region. During the rise of bubble, the shape is changed as if an elastic body. Based on the binarized bubble image, the mean diameters of rising bubbles are estimated at beneath of the free surface. As the gas flow rate increases, the mean diameter is increased and the rising velocity also increases with buoyancy force.
유량에 따른 Bubble-Driven Liquid Flow 의 특성에 관한 연구
김상문(Sang Moon Kim),이승재(Seung Jae Yi),김현동(Hyun Dong Kim),김종욱(Jong Wook Kim),김경천(Kyung Chun Kim) 한국가시화정보학회 2009 한국가시화정보학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.11
An experimental study to evaluate dynamic structures of flow motion and turbulence characteristics in bubble-driven water flow in a rectangular tank with a varying flow rate of compressed air is conducted. Liquid flow fields are measured by time-resolved particle image velocimetry (PIV) with fluorescent tracer particles to eliminate diffused reflections, and by an image intensifier to acquire enhanced clean particle images. By proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) analysis, the energy distributions of spatial and temporal modes are acquired. Time-averaged velocity and turbulent kinetic energy distributions are varied with the air flow rates. With increasing Reynolds number, bubble-induced turbulent motion becomes dominant rather than the recirculating flow near the side wall. The total kinetic energy transferred to the liquid flow by the rising bubbles reveals a nonlinear relation with respect to the energy input due to the interaction between bubbles and free surface. Detailed spatial structures and the unsteady behavior of dominant dynamic modes associated with turbulent kinetic energy distributions are addressed.
김상문(Sang Moon Kim),이승재(Seung Jae Yi),김현동(Hyun Dong Kim),김종욱(Jong Wook Kim),김경천(Kyung Chun Kim) 한국가시화정보학회 2010 한국가시화정보학회지 Vol.8 No.1
An experimental study to evaluate dynamic structures of flow and turbulence characteristics in bubble-driven liquid flow in a rectangular tank with a varying flow rate of compressed air is conducted. Liquid flow fields are measured by time-resolved particle image velocimetry (PIV) with fluorescent tracer particles to eliminate diffused reflections, and by an image intensifier to acquire enhanced clean particle images. Instantaneous vector fields are investigated by using the two frame cross-correlation function and bad vectors are eliminated by magnitude difference technique. By proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) analysis, the energy distributions of spatial and temporal modes are acquired. When Reynolds number increases, bubble-induced turbulent motion becomes dominant rather than the recirculating flow near the side wall. The total kinetic energy transferred to the liquid from the rising bubbles shows a nonlinear relation regarding the energy input because of the interaction between bubbles and free surface.
김상문(Sang Moon Kim),정원택(Won Taek Jeong),김경천(Kyung Chun Kim) 한국가시화정보학회 2010 한국가시화정보학회지 Vol.8 No.3
A visualization study to evaluate bubble motion in a tab water filled cylindrical tank with a varying flow rate of compressed air is conducted. The flow rate of compressed air varies from 1 to 5 L/min. Time resolved images are acquired by a high speed camera in 10 bit gray level at 100 fps and the measurement volume is irradiated by a 230 W halogen lamp. It is observed that there are three different regions; the bubble formation region, the rising bubble region and the free surface region. During the rise of bubble, the shape is changed as if an elastic body. Based on the binarized bubble image, the mean diameters of rising bubbles are estimated at beneath of the free surface. As the gas flow rate increases, the mean diameter is increased and the rising velocity also increases with buoyancy force.
다목적 용액을 사용하는 콘택트렌즈 관리체계에서 렌즈 보관용기의 미생물 오염
김상문(Sang Moon Kim) 한국안광학회 2000 한국안광학회지 Vol.5 No.1
The general property of plastic ophthalmic lens has been reviewed by the optical property and polymer structure. A PMMA which is synthesized by the polymerization of monomers of two or more kinds is termed a copolymer, and the main chain composes a skeleton of molecular structure in the polymer. Refraction index of polymer was governed mainly by the polarization of molecular and was followed to increase it conspicuously as Cl, Br, and Iodine was substitude to hydrogen. Thermal dependence of refraction index of polymer show that the higher distinctive characteristic than glass material. The microbial contamination rate of contact lens cases in multi - purpose solution ( MPS ) care systems of 80 asymptomatic soft contact lens wearers was investigated. In caring for their lenses 72 patients (90%) used chemical disinfection(include MPS), six patients(7%) used hydrogen peroxide, and two patients(3%) used heat. Fifty-nine percent of patients used MPS in their care systems. Of 80 contact lens cases, contamination was found in 68%(54) of cases. There is a significant relationship between the ages of lens cases and contamination : older cases being more frequently contaminated. Of the contaminated 31 lens cases(57%) in MPS care systems, four contact lens cases(13%) were contaminated by single organism, 15 cases(48%) by two kinds of organisms, and 12 cases(39%) by more than three kinds of organisms. Of the organisms that were contaminated lens cases, Pseudomonas. Serratia, Bacillus, E. coli and Aspergillus were frequently isolated. When considering the high contamination rate of soft contact lens cases in MPS care systems more effective and hygienical lens care system is important, especially frequent and regular disposal of lens cases may prove to prevent the build - up of microbial colonisation in containers.
김상문(Sang Moon Kim) 한국안광학회 1997 한국안광학회지 Vol.2 No.1
The palpebral fissures of 1529 healthy Koreans ranging in age from one month to 92 years were examined. The length and width of palpebral fissure, distance of folded upper lid(FUL), inter outer canthal distance(IOCD) and appearance of double upper lid (DUL) were studied. The most commonly occuring length of the normal palpebral fissure was 30 mm(13.7 %) followed by 28mm(9.8%) and 27mm(8.8%), and almost four fifths(79.1%) of the palpebral fissures measured less than 30mm in length. Of the ages 11∼60 examined over 70% averaged palpebral fissures measuring between 27 mm and 32 mm. The commonest width of 1443 normal palpebral fissure was 8mm(28.2%) followed by 9mm(16.3%) and 7mm(15.0%), and average widths according to 5 major age groups were 5 ∼8 mm, 6 ∼10 mm, 7 ∼11 mm, 7 ∼11 mm and 5 ∼ 9 mm, and there is some tendency to a decrease with age. The average of FUL without frontalis action was 8 ∼11 mm. The distances between exocanthions, IOCD, according to age groups were estimated to be 77∼82 mm for one to 10, 94∼101 mm for 11 to 60 and 89∼95 mm for over-60 age group, respectively. The DUL was appeared in 44% of sample, and DUL in female was more than in male.
김상문(Sang Moon Kim),윤상열(Sang Youl Yoon),김경천(Kyung Chun Kim) 한국가시화정보학회 2006 한국가시화정보학회지 Vol.4 No.1
Fire simulation has been developed for decades to analyze fire cases and provide a tool to study fundamental fire dynamics and combustion. There are three way of fire simulation which are a full scale simulation, an experimental simulation and a computational simulation. In case of a full scale simulation, because a higher cost, a higher risk, more efforts are needed, a demand for it has been decreased. But recently a demand for an experimental simulation and a computational simulation has been increased. A computational simulation has several advantages; lower cost, short period, many case studies, more visual results, a quantitative result and etc. FDS(Fire Dynamics Simulator) which has been developed in BFRL (Building and Fire Research Laboratory), NIST(National Institute of Standards and Technology) is a popular world wide code for fire simulation. Lack of accurate predictions by the model could lead to erroneous conclusions with regard to fire safety. All results should be evaluated by the informed judgment of the qualified user.