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      • 호텔서비스의 구성요소와 관계마케팅전략에 관한 연구

        김봉 제주한라대학 2002 論文集 Vol.26 No.-

        The purposes of this study are : First, it was presented that Personal, Physical, Operational factors in the hotel provides a positive influence to the customer-hotel relationship. Second, it analyzes how hotel service factors affects the relationship marketing strategy. The study results were as follows; 1. Hotel industries must consider whether structural property in hotels can implement effectively the service factors of the relationship marketing and endeavor to invest on the efficient management of internal marketing, individual marketing, database marketing, etc by means of the development of capable relationship marketing strategy and long-term service training for employees. 2. Companies to maintain and increase the long-term customer, the corporate should hold effective service charge as well as internal facility, which is physical service factor, convenient space and hospitable environments. 3. The hotel has to inspire their customers with self-esteem for the hotel they are using. And also it applies them to the discount rate by managing thoroughly the customer history card, utilize the immediate membership, provide the special service and a variety of free gifts, and make use of the mileage among the affiliates, in order to strengthen the directivity of the long-term customer and provide customers with more conveniences.

      • KCI등재

        환상 이론으로 실코의 『의식』 다시 읽기

        김봉 한국현대영미소설학회 2019 현대영미소설 Vol.26 No.3

        ‘Fantasy’ is one of the major controversial issues in current academia. A culture theorist Slavoj Žižek, in his Looking Awry, states, “the gaze puzzled by our desire and anxieties gives us a distorted, blurred image” [a fantasy] which “does not exist for an objective gaze.” In The Plague of Fantasies, he asserts that fantasies result from the “‘exaggerated’, excessive, unbalanced fixation or ‘freeze,’ disturbing the ever-changing balanced flow of life.” Žižek’s fantasy theory freshly illuminates Native American literature because the ‘American Indian’ is one of the well-known fantasies, distorted by Christopher Columbus’s excessive focus on India. Leslie Marmon Silko, a Native American, Luguna Pueblo writer, in her Ceremony discloses and traverses the established fantasy of America and Native Americans, by means of its peculiar structure and characterization. Žižek’s theories of the fantasy lucidly demonstrates that Silko ultimately intends to liberate and cure her readers from the fantasies. In this paper, first, I will apply Žižek’s terms, “the ‘irrational’ fixation on some symbolic cause,” to the fantasies presented in Ceremony in order to analyze how and why Silke exposes those fantasies as a pure fiction. Second, in the light of Žižek’s theory that “the excess of ‘exaggeration’ undermines the falsity of the balanced totality,” I will examine how and why Silko reveals and subverts the lies which form ideological fantasies. Third, on the ground of Žižek’s suggestion that we should confront and “penetrate the ‘fundamental fantasy’ to be cured of the trauma the fantasy may have incurred,” I will argue that Silko’s curative effect comes mainly from her endeavor to invite her readers, as well as her protagonist Tayo, to face and get disillusioned about the fantasies, including the fundamental fantasies.

      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재

        Pauline’s Trickster Cure in Erdrich’s Tracks

        김봉 한국영미어문학회 2013 영미어문학 Vol.- No.108

        Some critics have interpreted that Louise Erdrich has revitalized indigenous oral charm in Tracks. Most of such acclaim focuses on Nanapush, an old full-blood male narrator of five chapters, paying little attention to another storyteller Pauline Puyat, whose narrative covers four long odd-numbered chapters out of nine in Tracks. To define Pauline, a fifteen-year-old mixed-blood female Catholic nun-to-be, as a trickster afresh illuminates Erdrich’s contribu- tion. Traversing the delusive understanding of the trickster with the authority to preserve and inherit Native American ethnic authenticity, Pauline’s trickster discourse disintegrates factitious binary opposites—true or false, European or indigenous, Christian or indigenous, good or evil, normal or abnormal, moral or immoral—and remedies post-traumatic disorder stress caused by hegemonic binarism. Evoking unbound pleasure in the readers with Pauline’s schizophrenic trickster narrative, Tracks opens a post-traumatic, ecstatic path to the boundary-free unknown zone of cure.

      • KCI등재

        마시지 적용시간과 부위에 따른 피부온도 변화에 관한 실험적 연구

        김봉,고혜정 한국미용학회 1999 한국미용학회지 Vol.5 No.2

        Massage retexturizes the skin through the manipulations of hands. In other words massage prevents dermal papillary layer being shrank and aging of connective tissue keeping the skin young and beautiful. Also massage stimulates and relaxes the muscles through physical contacts increasing the circulation which improves nutrients to the cells and decreases tension, nervousness and stress furthermore even changes the temperature on skin surfaces. The changes in temperature is due to the dilation of blood vessels, that stimulates sudoriferous gland and increases blood supply to the skin. In Sihernagel(1986) and Meek(1993)'s research on the effect of slow manipulation of back massage showed an increase on skin temperature, that is prolonged for even after five minutes. According to Ek Gustavsson and Lewis(1985)'s research, there was no changes in skin temperature before and after massage, however, there existed various changes depends on different individuals. In Hovind and Nielson(1974)'s studies on comparison of the effects between Petrissage(Kneading movement) and Tapotement(Percussion movement), nine healthy adults showed various results in Petrissage and there was 35% increase in blood supply when accomplished Tapotement for two minutes. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the changes in temperature on back, legs and upper arms, before accomplishing massage, immediately after massage, after five minutes, after 10 minutes and after 30 minutes respectively and to verify more effective method of applying back massage when treating the clients in skin care clinics. For this study, 20 subjects were taken at random among students majoring Cosmetology at Suwon Women's College and allocated into two groups of models and therapists each group containing 10 people. The method of the experiment was that their models lying down on their stomach and let the therapists give back and legs massage and to measure the skin temperatures (scapular, thoracic vertebrae, sacrum, trapezius?) before the massage, immediately after massage, after 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 30 minutes respectively using Survasent Thermoretec. The experiments were accomplished twice a week from 18th October, 1999 to end of November, 1999. The analysis of these data was done by using T-test to research changes for every time intervals and showed a clear increase on skin temperature with the passage of time. The results of the study as follow: 1) The temperature changes for each time segment after giving back massage for 30minutes, there were changes in temperatures as 1.5℃ on scapular, 1.23℃ on thoracic vertebrae, .83℃ on lumbar vertebrae and 2.67℃ on sacrum area and the temperature increase follows the order of sacrum, the lumbar vertebrae, scapular and the thoracic vertebrae. 2) Generally, the temperature changes tends to increase when a back massage is accomplished and the sacrum area showed the highest temperature increase. 3) The temperature changes for legs massage increased immediately after massage to after 5 minutes and decreased temporally after 10 minutes then increased by 0.9℃ after 30 minutes. According to above results, it has been proven through this experimental study that there has been an increase on skin temperature as an effects of back and legs massage. Considering these facts, the importance of body treatment concerning with skin care, particularly the sacrum area which surrounds female reproductive organs and showed the highest increase in temperature, has been conf'umed as massage reduces many symptoms or uncomfortness related with menstruation causing stimulating blood circulation and increasing the temperature. Proposition 1) suggesting a study on skin temperature changes when deep tissue massage is applied afterwards 2) suggesting a study on effects of massage according to ages later on

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